CHAPTER 1 • Sea Water as an Electrolyte
31
0.84. The conductance ratios for the lakes (0.82) can be compared to 0.88 for rivers
(Millero 1984).
The specific conductances of the solutions are related to the equivalent conductances by:
I\{) (flS em-I) = Aoer
(1.53)
where er = 0LZ;M; If one assumes that the value of I\{) is proportional to the salinity,
one would expect that the values for the lake should be proportional to the ratio of I\{).
The values of I\{) give ratios for I\{)(Malawi) /1\{)(Baikal) = 2.06 and I\{)(Tanganyika) /
Ko(Malawi) = 2.77, which are in reasonable agreement with the salinity ratios,
S(Malawi) / S(Baikal) = 2.13 and S(Tanganyika) / S(Malawi) = 2.77- This simple comparison suggests that one can make a direct link between the conductivity and the total
salinity that can be used to determine the PVT properties (Wuest et al. 1996). The calculated values of the total salinity can be related to K by:
Sr=kK
(1.54)
where k is a function of temperature and K has been corrected for changes in the composition (K= fl\{), where fis a reduction coefficient, Wuest et al. 1996). Since the properties of sea water are accurately known as a function of the practical salinity, it is useful
to make a direct link between the measured conductivity on this scale to the total sa0.86 IrTI------------,------------,-----------,------------,------------,
0.85
~ 0.84
~
:B
VI
~ 0.83
'-'
j
j
~
"'" 0.82
0.81
•
Lake Baikal
0 Lake Malawi
•
Lake Tanganyika
0.80 ,-I - ' - - - - - - - - - - ' ' - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - '
o
10
20
30
40
50
Temperature (OC)
Fig. 1.24. The ratio of the infinite dilution equivalent conductance of Lake Baikal, Malawi and Tanganyika and sea water, Ao(Iake)/ Ao(sea water), as a function of temperature (Millero 2oooa)
31
0.84. The conductance ratios for the lakes (0.82) can be compared to 0.88 for rivers
(Millero 1984).
The specific conductances of the solutions are related to the equivalent conductances by:
I\{) (flS em-I) = Aoer
(1.53)
where er = 0LZ;M; If one assumes that the value of I\{) is proportional to the salinity,
one would expect that the values for the lake should be proportional to the ratio of I\{).
The values of I\{) give ratios for I\{)(Malawi) /1\{)(Baikal) = 2.06 and I\{)(Tanganyika) /
Ko(Malawi) = 2.77, which are in reasonable agreement with the salinity ratios,
S(Malawi) / S(Baikal) = 2.13 and S(Tanganyika) / S(Malawi) = 2.77- This simple comparison suggests that one can make a direct link between the conductivity and the total
salinity that can be used to determine the PVT properties (Wuest et al. 1996). The calculated values of the total salinity can be related to K by:
Sr=kK
(1.54)
where k is a function of temperature and K has been corrected for changes in the composition (K= fl\{), where fis a reduction coefficient, Wuest et al. 1996). Since the properties of sea water are accurately known as a function of the practical salinity, it is useful
to make a direct link between the measured conductivity on this scale to the total sa0.86 IrTI------------,------------,-----------,------------,------------,
0.85
~ 0.84
~
:B
VI
~ 0.83
'-'
j
j
~
"'" 0.82
0.81
•
Lake Baikal
0 Lake Malawi
•
Lake Tanganyika
0.80 ,-I - ' - - - - - - - - - - ' ' - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - '
o
10
20
30
40
50
Temperature (OC)
Fig. 1.24. The ratio of the infinite dilution equivalent conductance of Lake Baikal, Malawi and Tanganyika and sea water, Ao(Iake)/ Ao(sea water), as a function of temperature (Millero 2oooa)