454
P. Rivaro . R. Frache
cannot provide additional information on mixing processes without a better understanding of the mixing evolution.
Acknowledgements
This study was performed as a part of the Italian National Program for Research in
Antarctica and was financially supported by ENEA through a joint research programme.
The authors are indebted to Prof. Giancarlo Spezie, responsible for the scientific
expedition and to Prof. Enrico Zambian chi and Dr. Andrea Bergamasco for their helpful
comments and suggestions.
References
Anderson LG, Jones P (1992) Tracing upper waters of the Nansen basin in the Arctic Ocean. Deep Sea
Res 39(2):S425-S433
Baines PG, Condie S (1998) Observations and modelling of antarctic downslope flows: A review. Antarctic Res Ser 75:29-49
Bergamasco A, Spezie G, Paschini E, Zambianchi E, Rivaro P, Bottinelli C, Grotti M, (1998). H meso CLIMA
98 experiment: Preliminary analysis and data interpretation. Final Proceedings I Convegno Nazionale
delle Scienze del Mare, Ischia, (Italy) 11-14.11.1998
Broecker WS (1974) NO as a conservative water-mass tracer. Earth Planet Sci Lett 23:100-107
Budillon G, Tucci S, Artegiani A, Spezie G (1999) Water masses and suspended matter characteristics of
the western Ross Sea. In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A (eds) Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag,
Berlin, pp 63-93
Catalano G, Benedetti F, Predonzani S, Goffart A, Ruffini S, Rivaro P, Falconi C (1999) Spatial and tem. poral patterns of nutrient distributions in the Ross Sea. In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A (eds)
Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 107-120
Cooper LW, Cota GF, Pomeroy LR (1999) Modification of NO, PO, and NO/PO during flow across the
Bering and Chukchi shelves: Implications for use as Arctic water mass tracers. J Geophys Res
104(C4l:7827-7836
Hansen HP, Grasshoff H (1983) Automated chemical analysis. In: Grasshoff K, Ehrardt M, Kremling K
(eds) Methods of sea water analysis. VCh, Weinheim, pp 347-379
Jacobs SS (1989) Marine controls on modern sedimentation on the Antarctic continental shelf. Mar Geol
85=121- 153
Jacobs SS (1991) On the nature and significance of the Antarctic Slope Front. Mar Chern 35:9-24
Jacobs SS, Fairbanks RC, Horibe Y (198 a ) Oriljin and evolution of water masses near the Antarctic continental margin: Evidence from H2 BO/H2 60 ratios in sea water. Antarctic Res Ser 43:59-85
Lindegren R, Anderson LG (1991. "NO" as conservative tracer in the Weddel Sea. Mar Chern 35:179-187
Lindegren R, Josefson M (1998) Bottom water formation in the Weddel Sea resolved by principal
components analysis and target estimation. Chemom Intell Lab Sys 44:403-409
Locarnini RA (1994) Water masses and circulation in the Ross Gyre and environs. PhD dissertation, Texas
University, College Station, Texas
Mensch M, Simon A, Bayer R (1998) Tritium and CFC input functions for the Weddel Sea. J Geophys Res
103:15923-15937
Minster JF (1989) Introduction to chemical tracers of the ocean circulation. In: Anderson DLT, Willebrand
J (eds) Oceanic circulation models: Combining data and dynamics. Kluwer Academic Publisher,
Dordrecht, pp 345-376
Picco P, Bergamasco A, Demicheli L, Manzella G, Meloni R, Paschini E (1999) Large scale circulation
features in the central and western Ross Sea (Antarctica). In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A
(eds) Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 95-106
Strickland JDH, Parson TR (1972) A practical handbook of sea water analysis. Bull Fish Res Board
Can 167-310
Whitworth T III, Orsi AH, Kim SJ, Nowlin WD Jr (1998) Water masses and mixing near the antarctic
slope front. Antarctic Res Ser 75:1-27
Wilson C, Wallace DWR (1990) Using the nutrient ratio NO/PO as a tracer of continental shelf waters in
the central Arctic ocean. J Geophys Res 95(C12):22193-22208
P. Rivaro . R. Frache
cannot provide additional information on mixing processes without a better understanding of the mixing evolution.
Acknowledgements
This study was performed as a part of the Italian National Program for Research in
Antarctica and was financially supported by ENEA through a joint research programme.
The authors are indebted to Prof. Giancarlo Spezie, responsible for the scientific
expedition and to Prof. Enrico Zambian chi and Dr. Andrea Bergamasco for their helpful
comments and suggestions.
References
Anderson LG, Jones P (1992) Tracing upper waters of the Nansen basin in the Arctic Ocean. Deep Sea
Res 39(2):S425-S433
Baines PG, Condie S (1998) Observations and modelling of antarctic downslope flows: A review. Antarctic Res Ser 75:29-49
Bergamasco A, Spezie G, Paschini E, Zambianchi E, Rivaro P, Bottinelli C, Grotti M, (1998). H meso CLIMA
98 experiment: Preliminary analysis and data interpretation. Final Proceedings I Convegno Nazionale
delle Scienze del Mare, Ischia, (Italy) 11-14.11.1998
Broecker WS (1974) NO as a conservative water-mass tracer. Earth Planet Sci Lett 23:100-107
Budillon G, Tucci S, Artegiani A, Spezie G (1999) Water masses and suspended matter characteristics of
the western Ross Sea. In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A (eds) Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag,
Berlin, pp 63-93
Catalano G, Benedetti F, Predonzani S, Goffart A, Ruffini S, Rivaro P, Falconi C (1999) Spatial and tem. poral patterns of nutrient distributions in the Ross Sea. In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A (eds)
Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 107-120
Cooper LW, Cota GF, Pomeroy LR (1999) Modification of NO, PO, and NO/PO during flow across the
Bering and Chukchi shelves: Implications for use as Arctic water mass tracers. J Geophys Res
104(C4l:7827-7836
Hansen HP, Grasshoff H (1983) Automated chemical analysis. In: Grasshoff K, Ehrardt M, Kremling K
(eds) Methods of sea water analysis. VCh, Weinheim, pp 347-379
Jacobs SS (1989) Marine controls on modern sedimentation on the Antarctic continental shelf. Mar Geol
85=121- 153
Jacobs SS (1991) On the nature and significance of the Antarctic Slope Front. Mar Chern 35:9-24
Jacobs SS, Fairbanks RC, Horibe Y (198 a ) Oriljin and evolution of water masses near the Antarctic continental margin: Evidence from H2 BO/H2 60 ratios in sea water. Antarctic Res Ser 43:59-85
Lindegren R, Anderson LG (1991. "NO" as conservative tracer in the Weddel Sea. Mar Chern 35:179-187
Lindegren R, Josefson M (1998) Bottom water formation in the Weddel Sea resolved by principal
components analysis and target estimation. Chemom Intell Lab Sys 44:403-409
Locarnini RA (1994) Water masses and circulation in the Ross Gyre and environs. PhD dissertation, Texas
University, College Station, Texas
Mensch M, Simon A, Bayer R (1998) Tritium and CFC input functions for the Weddel Sea. J Geophys Res
103:15923-15937
Minster JF (1989) Introduction to chemical tracers of the ocean circulation. In: Anderson DLT, Willebrand
J (eds) Oceanic circulation models: Combining data and dynamics. Kluwer Academic Publisher,
Dordrecht, pp 345-376
Picco P, Bergamasco A, Demicheli L, Manzella G, Meloni R, Paschini E (1999) Large scale circulation
features in the central and western Ross Sea (Antarctica). In: Faranda FM, Guglielmo L, Ianora A
(eds) Ross Sea ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 95-106
Strickland JDH, Parson TR (1972) A practical handbook of sea water analysis. Bull Fish Res Board
Can 167-310
Whitworth T III, Orsi AH, Kim SJ, Nowlin WD Jr (1998) Water masses and mixing near the antarctic
slope front. Antarctic Res Ser 75:1-27
Wilson C, Wallace DWR (1990) Using the nutrient ratio NO/PO as a tracer of continental shelf waters in
the central Arctic ocean. J Geophys Res 95(C12):22193-22208