CHAPTER 15 ' Toxic Effects of Organometallic Compounds towards Marine Biota
365
Table 15.15. Genotoxic activity: mitotic metaphase chromosomal damage in Rutilus rubilio specimens
treated with amox'3HzO, RzSnCIamox'2HzO and RzSnamoxz'2HzO (R = methyl, butyl and phenyl),
adapted from Vitturi et ai, (1995)
Compound
Cone.
Time interval
No. of metaphases
(moldm- 3 )
(h)
Normal Irregular Granular Breakages Side-arm Total
staining zones
bridges spreads
Controls
326
333
Amox,3Hp
10- 5
24
12
15
48
17
4
28
10- 7
24
8
22
2
31
48
10
26
6
42
MelSnClamox' 2H l O 10- 5
24
12
10
6
2
3
24
48
8
6
3
18
10- 7
24
23
4
36
48
7
18
7
12
40
Me 2 Snamox 2 ,2HP 10- 5
24
Died after a treatment of 13-14 hours
48
10- 7
24
22
6
4
29
48
13
8
4
4
25
Bu 2 SnClamox'2Hp 10- 5
24
16
21
48
20
4
32
10- 7
24
3
28
12
6
11
51
48
2
34
16
7
16
66
BulSnamox l ' 2H 2 O 10- 5
24
Died after a treatment of 2-3 hours
48
10- 7
24
14
8
11
27
48
16
13
6
14
43
Ph 2 SnClamox'2H 2 0 10- 5
24
13
4
17
48
13
14
5
29
10- 7
24
7
23
12
40
48
4
25
17
44
Ph 2 Snamox 2 ,2HP 10- 5
24
Died after a treatment of 2-3 hours
48
10- 7
24
12
24
48
19
16
10
9
48
matin condensation, with Acridine Orange nuclear staining, (ii) DNA fragmentation, with
the TUNEL reaction, (iii) PS translocation, with the annexin-V assay; and (iv) loss of membrane permeability with the Trypan Blue diffusion assay.