CHAPTER 5 . Particulate Organic Matter Composition and Fluxes in the Sea
145
Lee C, Wakeham SG, Hedges JI (1988) The measurement of oceanic particle flux - Are swimmers a problem? Oceanography 1:34-36
Lee C, Wakeham SG, Hedges ]I (2000) Composition and flux of particulate amino acids and
chloropigments in equatorial Pacific seawater and sediments. Deep-Sea Res I 47:1535-1568
Lee C et al. (1998) Particulate organic carbon fluxes: Compilation of results from the 1995 US JGOFS
Arabian Sea Process Study. Deep-Sea Res 45:2489-2501
Leeuw JW de, Largeau C (1993) A review of macromolecular organic compounds that comprise living
organisms an their role in kerogen, coal, and petroleum formation. In: Engel MH, Macko SA (eds)
Organic geochemistry. Plenum Press, New York, pp 23-72
Lowenstam HA, Weiner S (1989) On biomineralization. Oxford University Press, New York
Marshman NA, Marshall KC (1981) Bacterial growth on proteins in the presence of clay minerals. Soil
Bioi Biochem 13:127-134
Martin JW, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Broenkow WW (1987) VERTEX: Carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res 34: 267-285
Mayer LM (1994) Surface area control of organic carbon accumulation in continental shelf sediment.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 58:1271-1284
McCave IN (1975) Vertical fluxes of particles in the ocean. Deep-Sea Res 22:491-502
Mitterer RM (1968) Amino acid composition of organic matrix in calcareous oolites. Science 162:1498-1499
Mopper K, Larsson K (1978) Uronic and other acids in Baltic Sea and Black Sea sediments. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 42:153-163
Moriarty DJW (1977) Improved method using muramic acid to estimate biomass of bacteria in sediments.
Oecologia 26:317-323.
Muller PJ, Suess E, Ungerer CA (1986) Amino acids and amino sugars of surface particulate and sediment trap material from waters of the Scotia Sea. Deep-Sea Res 33:819-838
Pace ML, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Martin JH (1987) Primary production, new production and vertical flux
in the eastern Pacific Ocean Nature 325:803-804
Peterson ML, Hernes PJ, Thoreson DS, Hedges JI, Lee C, Wakeham SG (1993) Field evaluation of a valved
sediment trap. Limnol Oceanogr 38:1741-1761
Prahl FG, Eglinton G, Corner EDS, O'Hara SCM, Forsberg TEV (1984) Changes in plant lipids during
passage through the gut of Calanus. J Mar Bioi Assoc UK 64:317-334
Prahl FG, Eglinton G, Corner, EDS, O'Hara SCM (1985) Faecal lipids released by fish feeding on
zooplankton. J Mar Bioi Assoc UK 65:547-560
Repeta DJ, Gagosian RB (1984) Transformation reactions and recycling of carotenoids and chlorins in
the Peru upwelling region (150 S, 75 0 W). Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:1265-1277
Sargent JR (1976) The structure, function and metabolism oflipids in marine organisms. In: Malins DC,
Sargent JR (eds) Biochemical and biophysical perspectives in marine biology, vol III. Academic Press,
New York, pp 149-212
Shuman FR, Lorenzen CJ (1975) Quantitative degradation of chlorophyll by a marine herbivore. Limnol
Oceanogr 20:580-586
Siezen RJ, Mague TH (1978) Amino acids in suspended particulate matter from oceanic and coastal waters
of the Pacific. Mar Chern 6:215-231
Silver MW, Alldrege AL (1981) Bathypelagic marine snow: Deep-sea algal and detrital community. J Mar
Res 39:501-530
Smith KL, Williams PM, Druffel ERM (1989) Upward fluxes of particulate organic-matter in the deep
north Pacific. Nature 337:724-726
Suess E (1980) Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans - surface productivity and oxygen utilization. Nature 288:260-263
Tanoue E, Handa N, Sakugawa H (1982) Difference of the chemical composition of organic matter between fecal pellet of Euphausia superba and its feed. Trans Tokyo Univ Fish 5:189-196
Volkman JK, Corner EDS, Eglinton G (1980) Transformations of biolipids in the marine food web and
in underlying bottom sediments. In: CNRS (ed) Colloques internationaux du CNRS No 293. Editions
CNRS, Paris, pp 185-197
Volkman JK, Farrington JW, Gagosian RB, Wakeham SG (1983) Lipid composition of coastal marine
sediments from the Peru upwelling region. In: Bj0roy Met al. (eds) Advances in organic geochemistry
1981. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 228-240
Wakeham SG (1982) Organic matter from a sediment trap experiment in the equatorial North Atlantic:
Wax esters, steryl esters, triacylglycerols and alkyldiacylglycerols. Geochem Cosmochim Acta
46:2239-2257
Wakeham SG, Canuel EA (1988) Organic geochemistry of particulate matter in the eastern tropical North
Pacific Ocean: Implications for particle dynamics. J Mar Res 46:183-213
Wakeham SG, Lee C (1989) Organic geochemistry of particulate matter in the ocean: The role of particles in oceanic sedimentary cycles. Organic Geochem 14:83-96
145
Lee C, Wakeham SG, Hedges JI (1988) The measurement of oceanic particle flux - Are swimmers a problem? Oceanography 1:34-36
Lee C, Wakeham SG, Hedges ]I (2000) Composition and flux of particulate amino acids and
chloropigments in equatorial Pacific seawater and sediments. Deep-Sea Res I 47:1535-1568
Lee C et al. (1998) Particulate organic carbon fluxes: Compilation of results from the 1995 US JGOFS
Arabian Sea Process Study. Deep-Sea Res 45:2489-2501
Leeuw JW de, Largeau C (1993) A review of macromolecular organic compounds that comprise living
organisms an their role in kerogen, coal, and petroleum formation. In: Engel MH, Macko SA (eds)
Organic geochemistry. Plenum Press, New York, pp 23-72
Lowenstam HA, Weiner S (1989) On biomineralization. Oxford University Press, New York
Marshman NA, Marshall KC (1981) Bacterial growth on proteins in the presence of clay minerals. Soil
Bioi Biochem 13:127-134
Martin JW, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Broenkow WW (1987) VERTEX: Carbon cycling in the northeast Pacific. Deep-Sea Res 34: 267-285
Mayer LM (1994) Surface area control of organic carbon accumulation in continental shelf sediment.
Geochim Cosmochim Acta 58:1271-1284
McCave IN (1975) Vertical fluxes of particles in the ocean. Deep-Sea Res 22:491-502
Mitterer RM (1968) Amino acid composition of organic matrix in calcareous oolites. Science 162:1498-1499
Mopper K, Larsson K (1978) Uronic and other acids in Baltic Sea and Black Sea sediments. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 42:153-163
Moriarty DJW (1977) Improved method using muramic acid to estimate biomass of bacteria in sediments.
Oecologia 26:317-323.
Muller PJ, Suess E, Ungerer CA (1986) Amino acids and amino sugars of surface particulate and sediment trap material from waters of the Scotia Sea. Deep-Sea Res 33:819-838
Pace ML, Knauer GA, Karl DM, Martin JH (1987) Primary production, new production and vertical flux
in the eastern Pacific Ocean Nature 325:803-804
Peterson ML, Hernes PJ, Thoreson DS, Hedges JI, Lee C, Wakeham SG (1993) Field evaluation of a valved
sediment trap. Limnol Oceanogr 38:1741-1761
Prahl FG, Eglinton G, Corner EDS, O'Hara SCM, Forsberg TEV (1984) Changes in plant lipids during
passage through the gut of Calanus. J Mar Bioi Assoc UK 64:317-334
Prahl FG, Eglinton G, Corner, EDS, O'Hara SCM (1985) Faecal lipids released by fish feeding on
zooplankton. J Mar Bioi Assoc UK 65:547-560
Repeta DJ, Gagosian RB (1984) Transformation reactions and recycling of carotenoids and chlorins in
the Peru upwelling region (150 S, 75 0 W). Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48:1265-1277
Sargent JR (1976) The structure, function and metabolism oflipids in marine organisms. In: Malins DC,
Sargent JR (eds) Biochemical and biophysical perspectives in marine biology, vol III. Academic Press,
New York, pp 149-212
Shuman FR, Lorenzen CJ (1975) Quantitative degradation of chlorophyll by a marine herbivore. Limnol
Oceanogr 20:580-586
Siezen RJ, Mague TH (1978) Amino acids in suspended particulate matter from oceanic and coastal waters
of the Pacific. Mar Chern 6:215-231
Silver MW, Alldrege AL (1981) Bathypelagic marine snow: Deep-sea algal and detrital community. J Mar
Res 39:501-530
Smith KL, Williams PM, Druffel ERM (1989) Upward fluxes of particulate organic-matter in the deep
north Pacific. Nature 337:724-726
Suess E (1980) Particulate organic carbon flux in the oceans - surface productivity and oxygen utilization. Nature 288:260-263
Tanoue E, Handa N, Sakugawa H (1982) Difference of the chemical composition of organic matter between fecal pellet of Euphausia superba and its feed. Trans Tokyo Univ Fish 5:189-196
Volkman JK, Corner EDS, Eglinton G (1980) Transformations of biolipids in the marine food web and
in underlying bottom sediments. In: CNRS (ed) Colloques internationaux du CNRS No 293. Editions
CNRS, Paris, pp 185-197
Volkman JK, Farrington JW, Gagosian RB, Wakeham SG (1983) Lipid composition of coastal marine
sediments from the Peru upwelling region. In: Bj0roy Met al. (eds) Advances in organic geochemistry
1981. John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp 228-240
Wakeham SG (1982) Organic matter from a sediment trap experiment in the equatorial North Atlantic:
Wax esters, steryl esters, triacylglycerols and alkyldiacylglycerols. Geochem Cosmochim Acta
46:2239-2257
Wakeham SG, Canuel EA (1988) Organic geochemistry of particulate matter in the eastern tropical North
Pacific Ocean: Implications for particle dynamics. J Mar Res 46:183-213
Wakeham SG, Lee C (1989) Organic geochemistry of particulate matter in the ocean: The role of particles in oceanic sedimentary cycles. Organic Geochem 14:83-96