161
Chapter seven: Water balance
References
Adams, S.H. and D.P. Costa. 1993. Water conservation and protein metabolism in northern elephant
seal pups during the postweaning fast. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 163(5): 367–373.
Albrecht, C.B. 1950. Toxicity of seawater in mammals. American Journal of Physiology 163(2): 370–385.
Alvira-Iraizoz, F. 2014. Sampling site and potential errors in estimating total body water and water
turnover rate in fasting hooded seals (Cystophora cristata). Master thesis, University of Tromsø,
Tromsø, Norway.
Andersen, S.H. and E. Nielsen. 1983. Exchange of water between the harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena and the environment. Experientia 39(1): 52–53.
Ballarin, C., L. Corain, A. Peruffo, and B. Cozzi. 2011. Correlation between urinary vasopressin and
water content of food in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Young 500(17): 9–14.
Barrett, K.E. 2005. Water and Electrolyte Absorption and Secretion. Gastrointestinal Physiology. New York:
McGraw-Hill, pp 79–100.
Batrawi, A. 1953. The external features of the dugong kidney. Bulletin of the Zoological Society of Egypt
11: 12–13.
Batrawi, A. 1957. The structure of the dugong kidney. Publications of the Marine Biological Station
Al-Ghardaga 9: 51–68.
Bentley, P.J. 1963. Composition of the urine of the fasting humpback whale (Megaptera nodosa).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 10(3): 257–259.
Best, R.C. 1981. Foods and feeding habits of wild and captive sirenia. Mammal Review 11(1): 3–29.
Bester, M.N. 1975. The functional morphology of the kidney of the cape fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus (Schreber). Modogua Series 2(4): 69–92.
Beuchat, C.A. 1990a. Body size, medullary thickness, and urine concentrating ability in mammals.
American Journal of Physiology 258(2): R298–R308.
Beuchat, C.A. 1990b. Metabolism and the scaling of urine concentrating ability in mammals:
Resolution of a paradox? Journal of Theoretical Biology 143(1): 113–122.
Beuchat, C.A. 1996. Structure and concentrating ability of the mammalian kidney: Correlations with
habitat. American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 40(1):
R157–R179.
Birukawa, N., H. Ando, M. Goto, N. Kanda, L.A. Pastene, H. Nakatsuji, H. Hata, and A. Urano. 2005.
Plasma and urine levels of electrolytes, urea and steroid hormones involved in osmoregulation of cetaceans. Zoological Science 22(11): 1245–1257.
Birukawa, N., H. Ando, M. Goto, N. Kanda, L.A. Pastene, and A. Urano. 2008. Molecular cloning of
urea transporters from the kidneys of baleen and toothed whales. Comparative Biochemistry and
Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 149(2): 227–235.
Boyd, E.M., M.M. Abel, and L.M. Knight. 1966. The chronic oral toxicity of sodium chloride at the
range of the LD50 (0.1 L). Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 44(1): 157–172.
Bouby, N., M.M. Trinh-Trang-Tan, D. Laouari, C. Kleinknecht, J.P. Grünfeld, W. Kriz, and L. Bankir.
1988. Role of the urinary concentrating process in the renal effects of high protein intake.
Kidney International 34(1): 4–12.
Bradley, S.E., G.H. Mudge, and W.D. Blake. 1954. The renal excretion of sodium, potassium and
water by the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina L.): Effect of apnea; sodium, potassium and water loading; pitressin; and mercurial diuresis. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 43(1): 1–22.
Brändle, E., H.G. Sieberth, and R.E. Hautmann. 1996. Effect of chronic dietary protein intake on the
renal function in healthy subjects. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50(11): 734–740.
Byers, F.M. and G.T. Schelling (1986). Evaluation of deuterium oxide dilution systems for estimating
body composition of beef cattle. PR—Texas Agricultural Experiment Station.
Castellini, J.M., M.A. Castellini, and M.B. Kretzmann. 1990. Circulatory water concentration in suckling and fasting northern elephant seal pups. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 160(5): 537–542.
Castellini, J.M., H.J. Meiselman, and M.A. Castellini. 1996. Understanding and interpreting hematocrit measurements in pinnipeds. Marine Mamma. Science 12(2): 251–264.
Champagne, C.D., D.S. Houser, and D.E. Crocker. 2005. Glucose production and substrate cycle
activity in a fasting adapted animal, the northern elephant seal. Journal of Experimental Biology
208(5): 859–868.
Chapter seven: Water balance
References
Adams, S.H. and D.P. Costa. 1993. Water conservation and protein metabolism in northern elephant
seal pups during the postweaning fast. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 163(5): 367–373.
Albrecht, C.B. 1950. Toxicity of seawater in mammals. American Journal of Physiology 163(2): 370–385.
Alvira-Iraizoz, F. 2014. Sampling site and potential errors in estimating total body water and water
turnover rate in fasting hooded seals (Cystophora cristata). Master thesis, University of Tromsø,
Tromsø, Norway.
Andersen, S.H. and E. Nielsen. 1983. Exchange of water between the harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena and the environment. Experientia 39(1): 52–53.
Ballarin, C., L. Corain, A. Peruffo, and B. Cozzi. 2011. Correlation between urinary vasopressin and
water content of food in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Young 500(17): 9–14.
Barrett, K.E. 2005. Water and Electrolyte Absorption and Secretion. Gastrointestinal Physiology. New York:
McGraw-Hill, pp 79–100.
Batrawi, A. 1953. The external features of the dugong kidney. Bulletin of the Zoological Society of Egypt
11: 12–13.
Batrawi, A. 1957. The structure of the dugong kidney. Publications of the Marine Biological Station
Al-Ghardaga 9: 51–68.
Bentley, P.J. 1963. Composition of the urine of the fasting humpback whale (Megaptera nodosa).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 10(3): 257–259.
Best, R.C. 1981. Foods and feeding habits of wild and captive sirenia. Mammal Review 11(1): 3–29.
Bester, M.N. 1975. The functional morphology of the kidney of the cape fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus (Schreber). Modogua Series 2(4): 69–92.
Beuchat, C.A. 1990a. Body size, medullary thickness, and urine concentrating ability in mammals.
American Journal of Physiology 258(2): R298–R308.
Beuchat, C.A. 1990b. Metabolism and the scaling of urine concentrating ability in mammals:
Resolution of a paradox? Journal of Theoretical Biology 143(1): 113–122.
Beuchat, C.A. 1996. Structure and concentrating ability of the mammalian kidney: Correlations with
habitat. American Journal of Physiology—Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology 40(1):
R157–R179.
Birukawa, N., H. Ando, M. Goto, N. Kanda, L.A. Pastene, H. Nakatsuji, H. Hata, and A. Urano. 2005.
Plasma and urine levels of electrolytes, urea and steroid hormones involved in osmoregulation of cetaceans. Zoological Science 22(11): 1245–1257.
Birukawa, N., H. Ando, M. Goto, N. Kanda, L.A. Pastene, and A. Urano. 2008. Molecular cloning of
urea transporters from the kidneys of baleen and toothed whales. Comparative Biochemistry and
Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 149(2): 227–235.
Boyd, E.M., M.M. Abel, and L.M. Knight. 1966. The chronic oral toxicity of sodium chloride at the
range of the LD50 (0.1 L). Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 44(1): 157–172.
Bouby, N., M.M. Trinh-Trang-Tan, D. Laouari, C. Kleinknecht, J.P. Grünfeld, W. Kriz, and L. Bankir.
1988. Role of the urinary concentrating process in the renal effects of high protein intake.
Kidney International 34(1): 4–12.
Bradley, S.E., G.H. Mudge, and W.D. Blake. 1954. The renal excretion of sodium, potassium and
water by the harbor seal (Phoca vitulina L.): Effect of apnea; sodium, potassium and water loading; pitressin; and mercurial diuresis. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 43(1): 1–22.
Brändle, E., H.G. Sieberth, and R.E. Hautmann. 1996. Effect of chronic dietary protein intake on the
renal function in healthy subjects. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50(11): 734–740.
Byers, F.M. and G.T. Schelling (1986). Evaluation of deuterium oxide dilution systems for estimating
body composition of beef cattle. PR—Texas Agricultural Experiment Station.
Castellini, J.M., M.A. Castellini, and M.B. Kretzmann. 1990. Circulatory water concentration in suckling and fasting northern elephant seal pups. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 160(5): 537–542.
Castellini, J.M., H.J. Meiselman, and M.A. Castellini. 1996. Understanding and interpreting hematocrit measurements in pinnipeds. Marine Mamma. Science 12(2): 251–264.
Champagne, C.D., D.S. Houser, and D.E. Crocker. 2005. Glucose production and substrate cycle
activity in a fasting adapted animal, the northern elephant seal. Journal of Experimental Biology
208(5): 859–868.