38 Marine Macro- and Microalgae: An Overview
D.2 Estimate of actual net GHG removals by sinks
GHG emissions were estimated under the assumption that changes in carbon storage, project-associated
emissions, and leakage were zero. Estimations of actual net GHG removals by sinks were presented with
the following terms (as shown in Table 8): Baseline net GHG removals by sinks (tCO 2 eq yr
–1
ha
–1
), Project
emissions (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
), Leakage (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
), Annual carbon stock change (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
),
and Cumulative net GHG removals by sinks (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
).
Table 8. Estimation of actual net GHG removals by sinks.
Year
No.
Year Baseline net GHG
removals by sinks
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Project emissions
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Leakage
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Annual carbon
stock change
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Cumulative net GHG
removals by sinks
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
1
Year 1
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.0
2
Year 2
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
32.0
3
Year n
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.0 × n
D.3 Estimated leakage
It was assumed that no leakage would occur due to project activities.
D.4 The sum of D.1 minus D.2 minus D.3 represented the net anthropogenic GHG removals by
sinks of the proposed project activities
The final CO 2 reduction was estimated to be ∼16 tons of CO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
.
Section E. Environmental impacts of the seaweed A/R CDM project activity
This project does not harm the environment. Therefore, documentation is not applicable concerning the
analysis of environmental impacts, including biodiversity and natural ecosystems, and impacts outside
the project boundary; a statement confirming that project participants have undertaken an environmental
impact assessment in accordance with the procedures required by the host Party, including conclusions
and all references to supporting documents if any negative impact is considered significant by the project
participants or the host party; and descriptions of planned monitoring and remedial measures to address
significant impacts referred to in the previous section.
Section F. Socio-economic impacts of the seaweed A/R CDM project activity
F.1 Documentation on the analysis of socio-economic impacts, including impacts outside the
project boundary
This project is expected to have two major benefits.
1) Improving the marine environment will help maintain the diversity of life within it. The effects of
establishing and restoring kelp forests with these pilot farms will appear gradually. First, successful
cultivation of intensive, massive seaweed communities will provide abundant food and habitats for
marine animals, increase fisheries stocks, and eventually elevate the potential for marine biodiversity
in waters around the project area. Second, the establishment and restoration of kelp forests with pilot
farms will mitigate or neutralize the effects of several threats to the marine environment, such as by
protecting terrain that would otherwise be barren. Our efforts will help the natural and spontaneous
enhancement of fisheries resources and attract other marine life into the area, ultimately improving
local fisheries stocks. Third, the increase in seaweed biomass that is associated with the removal of
CO 2 will eventually reduce the acidity of surrounding waters through photosynthetic activity, and
D.2 Estimate of actual net GHG removals by sinks
GHG emissions were estimated under the assumption that changes in carbon storage, project-associated
emissions, and leakage were zero. Estimations of actual net GHG removals by sinks were presented with
the following terms (as shown in Table 8): Baseline net GHG removals by sinks (tCO 2 eq yr
–1
ha
–1
), Project
emissions (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
), Leakage (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
), Annual carbon stock change (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
),
and Cumulative net GHG removals by sinks (tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
).
Table 8. Estimation of actual net GHG removals by sinks.
Year
No.
Year Baseline net GHG
removals by sinks
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Project emissions
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Leakage
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Annual carbon
stock change
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
Cumulative net GHG
removals by sinks
(tCO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
)
1
Year 1
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.0
2
Year 2
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
32.0
3
Year n
16.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.0 × n
D.3 Estimated leakage
It was assumed that no leakage would occur due to project activities.
D.4 The sum of D.1 minus D.2 minus D.3 represented the net anthropogenic GHG removals by
sinks of the proposed project activities
The final CO 2 reduction was estimated to be ∼16 tons of CO 2 eq ha
–1
yr
–1
.
Section E. Environmental impacts of the seaweed A/R CDM project activity
This project does not harm the environment. Therefore, documentation is not applicable concerning the
analysis of environmental impacts, including biodiversity and natural ecosystems, and impacts outside
the project boundary; a statement confirming that project participants have undertaken an environmental
impact assessment in accordance with the procedures required by the host Party, including conclusions
and all references to supporting documents if any negative impact is considered significant by the project
participants or the host party; and descriptions of planned monitoring and remedial measures to address
significant impacts referred to in the previous section.
Section F. Socio-economic impacts of the seaweed A/R CDM project activity
F.1 Documentation on the analysis of socio-economic impacts, including impacts outside the
project boundary
This project is expected to have two major benefits.
1) Improving the marine environment will help maintain the diversity of life within it. The effects of
establishing and restoring kelp forests with these pilot farms will appear gradually. First, successful
cultivation of intensive, massive seaweed communities will provide abundant food and habitats for
marine animals, increase fisheries stocks, and eventually elevate the potential for marine biodiversity
in waters around the project area. Second, the establishment and restoration of kelp forests with pilot
farms will mitigate or neutralize the effects of several threats to the marine environment, such as by
protecting terrain that would otherwise be barren. Our efforts will help the natural and spontaneous
enhancement of fisheries resources and attract other marine life into the area, ultimately improving
local fisheries stocks. Third, the increase in seaweed biomass that is associated with the removal of
CO 2 will eventually reduce the acidity of surrounding waters through photosynthetic activity, and