18 Marine Macro- and Microalgae: An Overview
Liu, F. and S.J. Pang. 2010. Stress tolerance and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the metabolisms of the reactive oxygen
species in two intertidal red algae Grateloupia turuturu and Palmaria palmata. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 382: 82–87.
Lubchenco, J. and S.D. Gaines. 1981. A unified approach to marine plant-herbivore interactions. I. Populations and communities.
Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 12: 405–437.
Lüning, K. 1990. Seaweeds: their Environment, Biogeography, and Ecophysiology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Margulis, L. 1981. Symbiosis in Cell evolution: Life and its Environment on the Early Earth. WH Freeman and Co, San
Francisco.
Maschek, J. and B. Baker. 2009. The chemistry of algal secondary metabolism. pp. 1–24. In: Amsler, C. (ed.). Algal Chemical
Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Matias, M.G., F. Arenas, M. Rubal and I. Sousa-Pinto. 2015. Macroalgal composition determines the structure of benthic
assemblages colonizing fragmented habitats. PLOS ONE 10: e0142289.
McClintock, J.B. and B.J. Baker (eds.). 2001. Marine Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, New York, USA. xiv+610 pp.
McNeill, J., F.R. Barrie, W.R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D.L. Hawksworth, P.S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold,
J. Prado, W.F. Prud’Homme Van Reine, G.F. Smith, J.H. Wiersema and N.J. Turland. 2012. International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress
Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum. Veg. 154: 1–240.
Mohamed, S., S.N. Hashim and H.A. Rahman. 2012. Seaweeds: a sustainable functional food for complementary and alternative
therapy. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 23: 83–96.
Neto, A.I., I. Tittley and P.M. Raposeiro. 2005. Flora Marinha do Litoral dos Açores. Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do
Mar, Horta, Açores.
Norton, T.A., A.C. Mathieson and M. Neushul. 1981. Morphology and environment. pp. 421–452. In: Lobban, C.S. and
M.J. Wynne (eds.). Biology of Seaweeds. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Norton, T.A., M. Melkonian and R.A. Anderson. 1996. Algal biodiversity. Phycologia 35: 308–326.
Paddack, M.J. and R.K. Cowen. 2006. Grazing pressure of herbivorous coral reef fishes on low coral-cover reefs. Coral Reefs
25: 461–472.
Palmer, J.D. 2003. The symbiotic birth and spread of plastids: how many times and whodunit? J. Phycol. 39: 4–11.
Pereira, R.C. and B.A.P. da Gama. 2009. Macroalgal chemical defenses and their roles in structuring tropical marine
communities. pp. 25–55. In: Amsler, C.D. (ed.). Algal Chemical Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Potin, P. 2009. Oxidative burst and related responses in biotic interactions of algae. pp. 245–271. In: Amsler, C.D. (ed.). Algal
Chemical Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Pueschel, C.M. 1989. An expanded survey of the ultrastructure of red algae pit plugs. J. Phycol. 25: 625–636.
Ramos, M., I. Bertocci, F. Tempera, G. Calado, M. Albuquerque and P. Duarte. 2016. Patterns in megabenthic assemblages
on a seamount summit (Ormonde Peak, Gorringe Bank, Northeast Atlantic). Mar. Ecol. 37: 1057–1072.
Round, F.E. 1981. The Ecology of the Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Ruggiero, M.A., D.P. Gordon, T.M. Orrell, N. Bailly, T. Bourgoin, R.C. Brusca, T. Cavalier-Smith, M.D. Guiry and
P.M. Kirk. 2015. A higher level classification of all living organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0119248.
Ruggiero, M.A., D.P. Gordon, T.M. Orrell, N. Bailly, T. Bourgoin, R.C. Brusca, T. Cavalier-Smith, M.D. Guiry and P.M.
Kirk. 2015. Correction: A higher level classification of all living organisms. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0130114. doi:10.1371/
journal. pone.0130114.
Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S.A., L. Gómez-Consarnau, C. Suffridge and E.A. Webb. 2014. The Role of B Vitamins in Marine
Biogeochemistry. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 6: 339–367.
Schwartz, N., S. Rohde, S. Dobretsov, S. Hiromori and P.J. Schupp. 2017. The role of chemical antifouling defence in the
invasion success of Sargassum muticum: a comparison of native and invasive brown algae. PLoS ONE 12(12): e0189761.
Scheuer, P.J. 1990. Some marine ecological phenomena - chemical basis and biomedical potential. Science 248: 173–177.
Schmitz, K. and L.M. Srivastava. 1980. Long distance transport in Macrocystis integrifoli. III. Movement of THO. Plant
Physiol. 66: 66–69.
Silva, P.C. 1980. Names of classes and families of living algae: with special reference to their use in the Index Nominum
Genericorum (Plantarum). Regnum. Veg. 103: 1–156.
Smayda, T.J. 1980. Phytoplankton species succession. pp. 493–570. In: Morris, I. (ed.). The Physiological Ecology of
Phytoplankton. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Solovchenko, A.E. and M.N. Merzlyak. 2008. Screening of visible and UV radiation as a photoprotective mechanism in
plants. Russ. J. Plant Physl.+ 55: 719–737.
Sournia, A. 2008. Form and function of marine phytoplankton. Biol. Rev. 57: 347–394.
South, G.R. and A. Whittick. 1987. Introduction to Phycology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 341 pp.
Thomas, D. 2002. Seaweeds. The Natural History Museum, London.
Torres, C., P. Veiga, M. Rubal and I. Sousa Pinto. 2015. The role of annual macroalgal morphology in driving its epifaunal
assemblages. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 464: 96–106.
Uchimura, M., R. Sandeauz and C. Larroque. 1999. The enzymatic detoxifying system of a native Mediterranean scorpion
fish is affected by Caulerpa taxifolia in its environments. Envir. Sci. Tech. 33: 1671–1674.
Liu, F. and S.J. Pang. 2010. Stress tolerance and antioxidant enzymatic activities in the metabolisms of the reactive oxygen
species in two intertidal red algae Grateloupia turuturu and Palmaria palmata. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 382: 82–87.
Lubchenco, J. and S.D. Gaines. 1981. A unified approach to marine plant-herbivore interactions. I. Populations and communities.
Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 12: 405–437.
Lüning, K. 1990. Seaweeds: their Environment, Biogeography, and Ecophysiology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Margulis, L. 1981. Symbiosis in Cell evolution: Life and its Environment on the Early Earth. WH Freeman and Co, San
Francisco.
Maschek, J. and B. Baker. 2009. The chemistry of algal secondary metabolism. pp. 1–24. In: Amsler, C. (ed.). Algal Chemical
Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Matias, M.G., F. Arenas, M. Rubal and I. Sousa-Pinto. 2015. Macroalgal composition determines the structure of benthic
assemblages colonizing fragmented habitats. PLOS ONE 10: e0142289.
McClintock, J.B. and B.J. Baker (eds.). 2001. Marine Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, New York, USA. xiv+610 pp.
McNeill, J., F.R. Barrie, W.R. Buck, V. Demoulin, W. Greuter, D.L. Hawksworth, P.S. Herendeen, S. Knapp, K. Marhold,
J. Prado, W.F. Prud’Homme Van Reine, G.F. Smith, J.H. Wiersema and N.J. Turland. 2012. International Code of
Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress
Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum. Veg. 154: 1–240.
Mohamed, S., S.N. Hashim and H.A. Rahman. 2012. Seaweeds: a sustainable functional food for complementary and alternative
therapy. Trends Food Sci. Tech. 23: 83–96.
Neto, A.I., I. Tittley and P.M. Raposeiro. 2005. Flora Marinha do Litoral dos Açores. Secretaria Regional do Ambiente e do
Mar, Horta, Açores.
Norton, T.A., A.C. Mathieson and M. Neushul. 1981. Morphology and environment. pp. 421–452. In: Lobban, C.S. and
M.J. Wynne (eds.). Biology of Seaweeds. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Norton, T.A., M. Melkonian and R.A. Anderson. 1996. Algal biodiversity. Phycologia 35: 308–326.
Paddack, M.J. and R.K. Cowen. 2006. Grazing pressure of herbivorous coral reef fishes on low coral-cover reefs. Coral Reefs
25: 461–472.
Palmer, J.D. 2003. The symbiotic birth and spread of plastids: how many times and whodunit? J. Phycol. 39: 4–11.
Pereira, R.C. and B.A.P. da Gama. 2009. Macroalgal chemical defenses and their roles in structuring tropical marine
communities. pp. 25–55. In: Amsler, C.D. (ed.). Algal Chemical Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Potin, P. 2009. Oxidative burst and related responses in biotic interactions of algae. pp. 245–271. In: Amsler, C.D. (ed.). Algal
Chemical Ecology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Pueschel, C.M. 1989. An expanded survey of the ultrastructure of red algae pit plugs. J. Phycol. 25: 625–636.
Ramos, M., I. Bertocci, F. Tempera, G. Calado, M. Albuquerque and P. Duarte. 2016. Patterns in megabenthic assemblages
on a seamount summit (Ormonde Peak, Gorringe Bank, Northeast Atlantic). Mar. Ecol. 37: 1057–1072.
Round, F.E. 1981. The Ecology of the Algae. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Ruggiero, M.A., D.P. Gordon, T.M. Orrell, N. Bailly, T. Bourgoin, R.C. Brusca, T. Cavalier-Smith, M.D. Guiry and
P.M. Kirk. 2015. A higher level classification of all living organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248. doi:10.1371/journal.
pone.0119248.
Ruggiero, M.A., D.P. Gordon, T.M. Orrell, N. Bailly, T. Bourgoin, R.C. Brusca, T. Cavalier-Smith, M.D. Guiry and P.M.
Kirk. 2015. Correction: A higher level classification of all living organisms. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0130114. doi:10.1371/
journal. pone.0130114.
Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S.A., L. Gómez-Consarnau, C. Suffridge and E.A. Webb. 2014. The Role of B Vitamins in Marine
Biogeochemistry. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 6: 339–367.
Schwartz, N., S. Rohde, S. Dobretsov, S. Hiromori and P.J. Schupp. 2017. The role of chemical antifouling defence in the
invasion success of Sargassum muticum: a comparison of native and invasive brown algae. PLoS ONE 12(12): e0189761.
Scheuer, P.J. 1990. Some marine ecological phenomena - chemical basis and biomedical potential. Science 248: 173–177.
Schmitz, K. and L.M. Srivastava. 1980. Long distance transport in Macrocystis integrifoli. III. Movement of THO. Plant
Physiol. 66: 66–69.
Silva, P.C. 1980. Names of classes and families of living algae: with special reference to their use in the Index Nominum
Genericorum (Plantarum). Regnum. Veg. 103: 1–156.
Smayda, T.J. 1980. Phytoplankton species succession. pp. 493–570. In: Morris, I. (ed.). The Physiological Ecology of
Phytoplankton. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford.
Solovchenko, A.E. and M.N. Merzlyak. 2008. Screening of visible and UV radiation as a photoprotective mechanism in
plants. Russ. J. Plant Physl.+ 55: 719–737.
Sournia, A. 2008. Form and function of marine phytoplankton. Biol. Rev. 57: 347–394.
South, G.R. and A. Whittick. 1987. Introduction to Phycology. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. 341 pp.
Thomas, D. 2002. Seaweeds. The Natural History Museum, London.
Torres, C., P. Veiga, M. Rubal and I. Sousa Pinto. 2015. The role of annual macroalgal morphology in driving its epifaunal
assemblages. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 464: 96–106.
Uchimura, M., R. Sandeauz and C. Larroque. 1999. The enzymatic detoxifying system of a native Mediterranean scorpion
fish is affected by Caulerpa taxifolia in its environments. Envir. Sci. Tech. 33: 1671–1674.