312
Air Pollution and Turbulence: Modeling and Applications
M. Heimann and C. D. Keeling. Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 1. seasonal carbon cycle over the tropical Pacifi c Ocean.
J. Geophys. Res., 91D:7765–7781, 1986.
M. Heimann and E. Maier-Reimer. On the relations between the oceanic uptake of CO 2 and its
isotopes. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, 10:89–110, 1996.
M. Heimann, C. Rödenbeck, and M. Gloor. Spatial and temporal distribution of sources and
sinks of carbon dioxide. In C. B. Field and M. R. Raupach, eds., The Global Carbon
Cycle: Integrating Humans, Climate and the Natural World, Chapter 8, pp. 187–204.
Island Press, Washington, DC, 2004.
S. Houweling, F.-M. Breon, I. Aben, C. Rödenbeck, M. Heimann, and P. Ciais. Inverse modelling of CO 2 sources and sinks using satellite data: A synthetic inter-comparison of
measurement techniques and their performance as a function of space and time. Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 4:523–538, 2004.
J. Huang. Optimal Determination of Global Tropospheric OH Concentrations Using Multiple
Trace Gases. PhD thesis, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 2000. Report no. 65 of Center for
Global Change Science.
D. D. Jackson. Interpretation of inaccurate, insuffi cient and inconsistent data. Geophys. J. R.
Astr. Soc., 28:97–109, 1972.
C. E. Junge and G. Czeplak. Some aspects of the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide and
ozone. Tellus, 20:422–434, 1968.
E. Kalnay. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability. CUP, Cambridge,
U.K., 2003.
T. Kaminski, P. J. Rayner, M. Heimann, and I. G. Enting. On aggregation errors in atmospheric
transport inversions. J. Geophys. Res., 106:4703–4715, 2001.
T. Kaminski, W. Knorr, P. J. Rayner, and M. Heimann. Assimilating atmospheric data into
a terrestrial biosphere model: A case study of the seasonal cycle. Glob. Biogeochem.
Cycles, 16:1066, 2002. doi:10.1029/2001GB001463.
P. Kasibhatla, M. Heimann, P. Rayner, N. Mahowald, R. G. Prinn, and D. E. Hartley, eds.
Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (Geophysical Monograph no. 114).
American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 2000.
C. D. Keeling and M. Heimann. Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 2. Mean annual carbon cycle. J. Geophys. Res., 91D:7782–7796,
1986.
C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, and M. Heimann. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO 2
transport based on observed winds. 4: Mean annual gradients and interannual variations. In D. H. Peterson, ed., Aspects of Climate Variability of the Pacifi c and Western
Americas. Geophysical Monograph 55. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC,
1989.
C. D. Keeling, T. P. Whorf, M. Wahlen, and J. van der Plicht. Interannual extremes in the rate
of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide since 1980. Nature, 375:666–670, 1995.
R. F. Keeling, R. P. Najjar, M. L. Bender, and P. P. Tans. What atmospheric oxygen measurements
can tell us about the global carbon cycle. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, 7:37–67, 1993.
W. Knorr and M. Heimann. Impact of drought stress and other factors on seasonal land biosphere CO 2 exchange studied through an atmospheric tracer transport model. Tellus,
47B:471–489, 1995.
B. Kruijt, A. J. Dolman, J. Lloyd, J. Ehleringer, M. Raupach, and J. Finnigan. Assessing the
regional carbon balance: Towards an integrated, multiple constraints approach. Change,
56, (March–April 2001):9–12, 2001.
R. M. Law. CO 2 sources from a mass-balance inversion: Sensitivity to the surface constraint.
Tellus, 51B:254–265, 1999.
R. M. Law and P. J. Rayner. Impacts of seasonal covariance on CO 2 inversions. Glob.
Biogeochem. Cycles, 13:845–856, 1999.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Air Pollution and Turbulence: Modeling and Applications
M. Heimann and C. D. Keeling. Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 1. seasonal carbon cycle over the tropical Pacifi c Ocean.
J. Geophys. Res., 91D:7765–7781, 1986.
M. Heimann and E. Maier-Reimer. On the relations between the oceanic uptake of CO 2 and its
isotopes. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, 10:89–110, 1996.
M. Heimann, C. Rödenbeck, and M. Gloor. Spatial and temporal distribution of sources and
sinks of carbon dioxide. In C. B. Field and M. R. Raupach, eds., The Global Carbon
Cycle: Integrating Humans, Climate and the Natural World, Chapter 8, pp. 187–204.
Island Press, Washington, DC, 2004.
S. Houweling, F.-M. Breon, I. Aben, C. Rödenbeck, M. Heimann, and P. Ciais. Inverse modelling of CO 2 sources and sinks using satellite data: A synthetic inter-comparison of
measurement techniques and their performance as a function of space and time. Atmos.
Chem. Phys., 4:523–538, 2004.
J. Huang. Optimal Determination of Global Tropospheric OH Concentrations Using Multiple
Trace Gases. PhD thesis, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 2000. Report no. 65 of Center for
Global Change Science.
D. D. Jackson. Interpretation of inaccurate, insuffi cient and inconsistent data. Geophys. J. R.
Astr. Soc., 28:97–109, 1972.
C. E. Junge and G. Czeplak. Some aspects of the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide and
ozone. Tellus, 20:422–434, 1968.
E. Kalnay. Atmospheric Modeling, Data Assimilation and Predictability. CUP, Cambridge,
U.K., 2003.
T. Kaminski, P. J. Rayner, M. Heimann, and I. G. Enting. On aggregation errors in atmospheric
transport inversions. J. Geophys. Res., 106:4703–4715, 2001.
T. Kaminski, W. Knorr, P. J. Rayner, and M. Heimann. Assimilating atmospheric data into
a terrestrial biosphere model: A case study of the seasonal cycle. Glob. Biogeochem.
Cycles, 16:1066, 2002. doi:10.1029/2001GB001463.
P. Kasibhatla, M. Heimann, P. Rayner, N. Mahowald, R. G. Prinn, and D. E. Hartley, eds.
Inverse Methods in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (Geophysical Monograph no. 114).
American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 2000.
C. D. Keeling and M. Heimann. Meridional eddy diffusion model of the transport of atmospheric carbon dioxide. 2. Mean annual carbon cycle. J. Geophys. Res., 91D:7782–7796,
1986.
C. D. Keeling, S. C. Piper, and M. Heimann. A three-dimensional model of atmospheric CO 2
transport based on observed winds. 4: Mean annual gradients and interannual variations. In D. H. Peterson, ed., Aspects of Climate Variability of the Pacifi c and Western
Americas. Geophysical Monograph 55. American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC,
1989.
C. D. Keeling, T. P. Whorf, M. Wahlen, and J. van der Plicht. Interannual extremes in the rate
of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide since 1980. Nature, 375:666–670, 1995.
R. F. Keeling, R. P. Najjar, M. L. Bender, and P. P. Tans. What atmospheric oxygen measurements
can tell us about the global carbon cycle. Glob. Biogeochem. Cycles, 7:37–67, 1993.
W. Knorr and M. Heimann. Impact of drought stress and other factors on seasonal land biosphere CO 2 exchange studied through an atmospheric tracer transport model. Tellus,
47B:471–489, 1995.
B. Kruijt, A. J. Dolman, J. Lloyd, J. Ehleringer, M. Raupach, and J. Finnigan. Assessing the
regional carbon balance: Towards an integrated, multiple constraints approach. Change,
56, (March–April 2001):9–12, 2001.
R. M. Law. CO 2 sources from a mass-balance inversion: Sensitivity to the surface constraint.
Tellus, 51B:254–265, 1999.
R. M. Law and P. J. Rayner. Impacts of seasonal covariance on CO 2 inversions. Glob.
Biogeochem. Cycles, 13:845–856, 1999.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC