Parameterization of Convective Boundary Layer Turbulence and Clouds
127
Pontikis, C. A., A. Rigaud, and E. Hicks. 1987. Entrainment and mixing as related to the microphysical properties of shallow warm cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 44:2150–2165.
Prandtl, L. 1925. Bericht uber untersuchungen zur ausgebildeten turbulenz. Zs. Angew. Math.
Mech., 5, 136–139.
Randall, D. A. 1984. Stratocumulus cloud deepening through entrainment. Tellus. 36:446–457.
Randall, D. A., Q. Shao, and C.-H. Moeng. 1992. A second-order bulk boundary-layer model.
J. Atmos. Sci. 49:1903–1923.
Reynolds, O. 1895. On the dynamical theory of incompressible viscous fl uids and the
determination of the criterion. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lon. A 186:123–164.
Schumann, U. and C.-H. Moeng. 1991a. Plume fl uxes in clear and cloudy convective boundary
layers. J. Atmos. Sci. 48:1746–1757.
Schumann, U. and C.-H. Moeng. 1991b. Plume budgets in clear and cloudy convective boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci. 48:1758–1770.
Siebesma, A. P. 1996. On the mass fl ux approach for atmospheric convection. In ECMWF
Workshop Proceedings New Insights and Approaches to Convective Parameterization.
ECMWF. Reading, U.K., pp. 25–57.
Siebesma, A. P. 1998. Shallow cumulus convection. In Buoyant Convection in Geophysical
Flows, eds. E. J. Plate et al. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands,
pp. 441–486.
Siebesma, A. P. and J. W. M. Cuijpers. 1995. Evaluation of parametric assumptions for shallow
cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 52:650–666.
Siebesma, A. P. and A. A. M. Holtslag. 1996. Model impacts of entrainment and detrainment
rates in shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 53:2354–2364.
Siebesma, A. P. and J. Teixeira. 2000. An advection-diffusion scheme for the convective
boundary layer, description and 1D results. In Proceedings of 14th Symposium on
Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Aspen, CO, pp. 133–136. American Meteorological
Society.
Siebesma, A. P., C. S. Bretherton, A. Brown, A. Chlond, J. Cuxart, P. G. Duynkerke, H.
Jiang, et al. 2003. A large eddy simulation intercomparison study of shallow cumulus
convection. http://www.knmi.nl/~siebesma/PUBS/siebesma_03_jas.pdf, J. Atmos. Sci.
60:1201–1219.
Siebesma, A.P., P. M. M. Soares, and J. Teixeira. 2007. A combined eddy diffusivity mass-fl ux
approach for the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 64:1230–1248.
Simpson, J. 1971. On cumulus entrainment and one-dimensional models. J. Atmos. Sci.
28:449–455.
Simpson, J. and V. Wiggert. 1969. Models of precipitating cumulus towers. Mon. Wea. Rev.
97:471–489.
Slingo, J. M. 1980. A cloud parameterization scheme derived from GATE data for use with a
numerical model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 106:747–770.
Slingo, J. M. 1987. The development and verifi cation of a cloud prediction scheme in the
ECMWF model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 113:899–927.
Slingo, J. M., M. Blackburn, A. Betts, R. Brugge, B. J. Hoskins, M. J. Miller, L. SteenmanClark, and J. Thurburn. 1994. Mean Climate and transience in the tropics of the
UGAMP GCM: Sensitivity to convective parameterization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
120:881–922.
Smith, R. N. B. 1990. A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general
circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116:435–460.
Smith, S. A. and P. R. Jonas. 1995. Observations of the turbulent fl uxes in fi elds of cumulus
clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 121:1185–1208.
Soares, P. M. M., A. P. Siebesma, and J. Teixeira. 2002. The role of entrainment in the massfl ux/K-diffusion parameterization of the convective boundary layer. In Proceedings of
3° Encontro Luso-Espanhol de Meteorologia, Évora, Portugal, pp. 177–182.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
127
Pontikis, C. A., A. Rigaud, and E. Hicks. 1987. Entrainment and mixing as related to the microphysical properties of shallow warm cumulus clouds. J. Atmos. Sci. 44:2150–2165.
Prandtl, L. 1925. Bericht uber untersuchungen zur ausgebildeten turbulenz. Zs. Angew. Math.
Mech., 5, 136–139.
Randall, D. A. 1984. Stratocumulus cloud deepening through entrainment. Tellus. 36:446–457.
Randall, D. A., Q. Shao, and C.-H. Moeng. 1992. A second-order bulk boundary-layer model.
J. Atmos. Sci. 49:1903–1923.
Reynolds, O. 1895. On the dynamical theory of incompressible viscous fl uids and the
determination of the criterion. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lon. A 186:123–164.
Schumann, U. and C.-H. Moeng. 1991a. Plume fl uxes in clear and cloudy convective boundary
layers. J. Atmos. Sci. 48:1746–1757.
Schumann, U. and C.-H. Moeng. 1991b. Plume budgets in clear and cloudy convective boundary layers. J. Atmos. Sci. 48:1758–1770.
Siebesma, A. P. 1996. On the mass fl ux approach for atmospheric convection. In ECMWF
Workshop Proceedings New Insights and Approaches to Convective Parameterization.
ECMWF. Reading, U.K., pp. 25–57.
Siebesma, A. P. 1998. Shallow cumulus convection. In Buoyant Convection in Geophysical
Flows, eds. E. J. Plate et al. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands,
pp. 441–486.
Siebesma, A. P. and J. W. M. Cuijpers. 1995. Evaluation of parametric assumptions for shallow
cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 52:650–666.
Siebesma, A. P. and A. A. M. Holtslag. 1996. Model impacts of entrainment and detrainment
rates in shallow cumulus convection. J. Atmos. Sci. 53:2354–2364.
Siebesma, A. P. and J. Teixeira. 2000. An advection-diffusion scheme for the convective
boundary layer, description and 1D results. In Proceedings of 14th Symposium on
Boundary Layers and Turbulence, Aspen, CO, pp. 133–136. American Meteorological
Society.
Siebesma, A. P., C. S. Bretherton, A. Brown, A. Chlond, J. Cuxart, P. G. Duynkerke, H.
Jiang, et al. 2003. A large eddy simulation intercomparison study of shallow cumulus
convection. http://www.knmi.nl/~siebesma/PUBS/siebesma_03_jas.pdf, J. Atmos. Sci.
60:1201–1219.
Siebesma, A.P., P. M. M. Soares, and J. Teixeira. 2007. A combined eddy diffusivity mass-fl ux
approach for the convective boundary layer. J. Atmos. Sci. 64:1230–1248.
Simpson, J. 1971. On cumulus entrainment and one-dimensional models. J. Atmos. Sci.
28:449–455.
Simpson, J. and V. Wiggert. 1969. Models of precipitating cumulus towers. Mon. Wea. Rev.
97:471–489.
Slingo, J. M. 1980. A cloud parameterization scheme derived from GATE data for use with a
numerical model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 106:747–770.
Slingo, J. M. 1987. The development and verifi cation of a cloud prediction scheme in the
ECMWF model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 113:899–927.
Slingo, J. M., M. Blackburn, A. Betts, R. Brugge, B. J. Hoskins, M. J. Miller, L. SteenmanClark, and J. Thurburn. 1994. Mean Climate and transience in the tropics of the
UGAMP GCM: Sensitivity to convective parameterization. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc.
120:881–922.
Smith, R. N. B. 1990. A scheme for predicting layer clouds and their water content in a general
circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 116:435–460.
Smith, S. A. and P. R. Jonas. 1995. Observations of the turbulent fl uxes in fi elds of cumulus
clouds. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 121:1185–1208.
Soares, P. M. M., A. P. Siebesma, and J. Teixeira. 2002. The role of entrainment in the massfl ux/K-diffusion parameterization of the convective boundary layer. In Proceedings of
3° Encontro Luso-Espanhol de Meteorologia, Évora, Portugal, pp. 177–182.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC