120
Air Pollution and Turbulence: Modeling and Applications
(a)
12
0
10
20
30
40
LWP (gm
–2
)
14
LES
New
16
18
20
Time (h)
22
24
(b)
12
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
0.10
LES
New
M (ms
–1
)
14
16
18
20
Time (h)
22
24
Cloud base
mass-flux
FIGURE 4.26 Time series (UTC) of (a) the cloud LWP and (b) the cloud base mass-fl ux.
EDMF scheme and LES results.
302
0
1
Height (km)
2
304
306
308
310
312
314
θ (K)
(a)
Ini
14:30
17:30
20:30
14:30
17:30
20:30
EDMF
LES
(b)
2
4
0
1
Height (km)
2
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
q t (g kg –1 )
Ini
14:30
17:30
20:30
14:30
17:30
20:30
EDMF
LES
FIGURE 4.27 Profi les of (a) the potential temperature and (b) the total specifi c humidity, at
14th, 16th, 18th, 20th, and 22nd hour UTC. Hourly average results from the EDMF scheme
and KNMI LES.
© 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC