THE DEVELOPMENT OF FISHES
79
.
nerves.
Moreover, it feeds, and within the recesses of its
lowly system are many chapters of organic chemistry.
,
'
One of these concerns the excretion‘and utilisation of
by-products. In civiliSed countries the rank of
tion can be measured by the use
of Waste,* and- in
this respect shes"inark a turning peint in the eVolution of
,
animal formsof
'
»"_-—'
:» î
_
;,
_
__
In the lower half of the Animal Kingdom substances
that are a hindrance to the vital activities are disp03ed ofçin
various ways.
'
"Shrine of the worms Simply sweat out the
chalk from their systems and then settle down comfortably
in the tube. ,
T—he star—shes carry about a houseful of chalk,
and thecof_‘àls are more chalk than animal.
_
The snails and mussels may also be called to ”mind, but
the point is that they make an inferior use of this by—product.
{I‘—hey get ridêô‘fr it from_theiractivé cells, butiplaceÏitwhere
a nuisance to the corporation as a
-This is the problem that was in great partsolvedby the
shes.
Thé calcareous deposits have been taken to Various
skin, espeCially' of; the head, and—to internal
spaces where they Would not interfere with
of
the
Sometimes they are left loose
'
as in
of. the Elasmobfàchs, bût;theçpropen '
method _is when the“chätlk{;isŸenclosedlin cells and
ar1anged in the 1eshwork ofmembranes
_
'.
-
has been achieved_byg’the'Teleosts‘or bony»shéS
and, asit appears, by some of the earliest0f Shes:f The
accompanyiggure of the Sprat’s Skeleton _(Pl:VIII}-shows
the result in a— simple form; It shows a wealth of small
curving: boues in a»_ parallel
;gradùallÿ
_—
towards the
1 We *have}buttop1cturethemuscleson
each — Side of the "bonestoreahseWhathappensThe active;
Î
muscle
do notwantthecalcmmcWsmïsdthesehaVe
'
been deposite'in thepasswemembmnebetwæn0rs
,
-
—_
deposition .Î maybe duesmyt0theVäfymgdlssdwng Ïfii'
”7 Ο
:
thecollœdsubstancesmthemusdesandthe°°“llï
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