Matthai, C., Birch, G., 2001. Detection of anthropogenic Cu, Pb, and Zn in continental
shelf sediments off Sydney, Australia – A new approach using normalisation with
cobalt. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 42, 1055–1063.
McCready, S., Birch, G.F., Long, E.R., 2006. Metallic and organic contaminants in sediments of Sydney harbour, Australia and vicinity-a chemical dataset for evaluating
sediment quality guidelines. Environ. Int. 32, 455–465.
Morton, B., Blackmore, G., 2001. South China Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 42, 12361263.
MPRH, 2010. Etude de salubrité et classification des zones de pêches et d'aquaculture. In:
Rapport contamination no 2. Ministère de la pêche et des ressources halieutiques
(137p).
Muller, G., 1969. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River. GeoJournal
2, 108–118.
Nasr, S.M., Okbah, M.A., El Haddad, H.S., Soliman, N., 2015. Assessment of metals
contamination in sediments from the Mediterranean Sea (Libya) using pollution indices and multivariate statistical analysis. Glob. J. Adv. Res. 2, 120–136.
Nriagu, J.O., 1996. A history of global metal pollution. Science 272, 223–224.
Oliver, H., Lotte, A.F., Lemcke, G., 2001. Loss on ignition as a method for estimating
organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of
results. J. Paleolimnol. 25, 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008119611481.
Omar, M.B., Mendiguchıa, C., Er-Raioui, H., Marhraoui, M., Lafraoui, G., Oulad-Abdellah,
M.K., 2015. Distribution of heavy metals in marine sediments of Tetouan coast (north
of Morocco): natural and anthropogenic sources. Environ. Earth Sci. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s12665-015-4494-4.
ONS, 2016. L'Algérie en quelques chiffres: résultats/2013/2014/2015 Office National des
Statistiques. In: Annuel Notice établie d'après le no 45(2015). Série statistiques
ordonnée/série temporelle/distribution statistique/Algérie/2016978-9961-40-107-1,
ISSN 1010 –1284. (No 46, Edition: 2016. 78p).
Pedersen, F., Bjørnestad, E., Andersen, H.V., Kjølholt, J., Poll, C., 1998. Characterization
of sediments from Copenhagen harbour by use of biotests. Water Sci. Technol. 37,
233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00203-0.
Perkins, E.J., Gilchrist, J.R.S., Abbott, O.J., 1973. Trace metals in Solway firth sediments.
Mar. Pollut. Bull. 4, 59–61.
Radakovitch, O., Roussiez, V., Ollivier, P., Ludwig, W., Grenz, C., Probst, J.L., 2008.
Particulate heavy metals input from rivers and associated sedimentary deposits on
the Gulf of Lion continental shelf. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 77, 285–295.
Ravichandran, M., Baskaran, M., Santschi, P.H., Bianchi, T.S., 1995. History of trace
metal pollution in Sabine Neches estuary, Beaumont, Texas. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29
(6), 1495–1503.
Reddy, M.S., Basha, S., Kumar, V.G.S., Joshi, H.V., Ramachandraiah, G., 2004.
Distribution, enrichment and accumulation of heavy metals in coastal sediments of
Alange Sosiya ship scrapping yard, India. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 48, 1055–1059.
Ridgway, J. and Shimmield, G., 2002. Estuaries as repositories of historical contamination
and their impact on shelf seas. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 55, 903–928. https:/doi.org/
https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2002.1035.
Rigaud, S., Radakovitch, O., Couture, R.M., Deflandre, B., Cossa, D., Garnier, C., Garnier,
J.M., 2013. Mobility and fluxes of trace elements and nutrients at the sediment-water
interface of a lagoon under contrasting water column oxygenation conditions. Appl.
Geochem. 31, 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochm.2012.12.003.
Rodier, J., 1996. L'analyse de l'eau. In: eaux naturelles, eaux résiduelles, eau de mer,
8ème édition. DUNOT, Paris, pp. 385–401.
Radhouan, El Zrelli, Courjault-Radé, Pierre, Rabaoui, Lotfi, Castet, Sylvie, Michel,
Sylvain, Bejaoui, Nejla, 2015. Heavy metal contamination and ecological risk assessment in the surface sediments of the coastal area surrounding the industrial
complex of Gabes city, Gulf of Gabes, SE Tunisia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 101, 922–929.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.047.
Roussiez, V., Ludwig, W., Probst, J.L., Monaco, A., Bouloubassi, I., Buscail, R., Saragoni,
G., 2006. Sources and sinks of sediment-bound contaminant in the Gulf of Lions (NW
Mediterranean Sea): a multi-tracer approach. Cont. Shelf Res. 26, 1843–1857.
Roussiez, V., Heussner, S., Ludwig, W., Radakovitch, O., Durrieu De Madro, X., Guieu, C.,
Probst, J.-L., Monaco, A., Delsau, N., 2012. Impact of oceanic floods on particulate
metal inputs to coastal and deep-sea environments: a case study in the NW
Mediterranean Sea. Cont. Shelf Res. 45, 15–26.
Salomons, W., Forstner, U., 1984. Metals in the Hydrocycle. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg, Germany.
Santos, I.R., Silva-Filho, E.V., Schaefer, C., Albuquerque-Filho, M.R., Campos, L.S., 2005.
Heavy metal contamination in coastal sediments and soils near the Brazilian
Antarctic Station, King George Island. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 50, 185e194.
Sin, S.N., Chua, H., Lo, W., 2001. Assessment of heavy metal cations in sediments of Shing
Mun River, Hong Kong. Environ. Int. 26 (5), 297–301.
Soliman, Farag Naglaa, Nasr, Samir Mahmoud, Okbah, Mohamed Abdelaziz, 2015.
Potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments from the Mediterranean coast,
Egypt. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 2015 (13), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201015-0223-x.
Span, D., 1984. Etude par fractionnement chimique de la distribution des métaux traces
dans les sédiments marins récents: le Delta du Rhône, les golfes de St Raphael et de
Cannes-La Napoule. Thèse de doctorat de 3ème cycle. VI Université Pierre et, Marie
Curie, Paris (252p).
Stewart, C., 1989. Spatial and temporal trends in trace metal deposition in Canterbury,
New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Sutherland, R.A., 2000. Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu,
Hawaii. Environ. Geol. 39, 611–627.
Swarnalatha, K., Letha, J., Ayoob, S., 2013. Ecological risk assessment of a tropical lake
system. J, Urban Environ. Eng. (1982-3932) vol. 7 (2 (2013)), 323–329. https://doi.
org/10.4090/juee.2013.v7n2.323329.
Tam, N.F.Y., Wong, Y.S., 2000. Spatial variation of heavy metals in surface sediments of
Hong Kong mangrove swamps. Environ. Pollut. 110, 195–205.
Taylor, S.R., 1964. Abundance of chemical elements in the continental crust: a new table.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 28 (8), 1273–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/00167037(64)90129-2.
Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and
Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford.
Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1995. The geochemical evolution of the continental crust.
Rev. Geophys. 33, 241–265.
Tomlinson, D.C., Wilson, J.G., Harris, C.R., Jeffery, D.W., 1980. Problems in the assessment of heavy metals levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index. 33.
Environ. Eval. (Helgoländer Meeresun.) 33, 566–575.
Topcuoglu, S., Kirbasoglu, C., Gungor, N., 2002. Heavy metals in organisms and sediments from Turkish Coast of the Black Sea, 1997–1998. Environ. Int. 27, 521–526.
Turekian, K.K., Wedepohl, K.H., 1961. Distribution of the elements in some major units of
the Earth's crust. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 72, 175–192.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992. Framework for ecological risk assessment.
In: Risk Assessment Forum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
(EPA/630/R-92/001).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998. Guidelines for ecological risk assessment.
In: Risk Assessment Forum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
(EPA/630/R-95/002F).
Viers, J., Dupré, B., Gaillard, J., 2009. Chemical composition of suspended sediments in
world Rivers: new insights from a new database. Sci. Total Environ. 407 (2009),
853–868.
Wedepohl, K.H., 1995. The composition of the continental crust. Geochim. Cosmochim.
Acta 59 (7), 1217–1232.
Windom, H.L., Smith Jr., R.G., Rawlinson, C., 1989. Particulate trace metal composition
and flux across the south eastern US continental shelf. Mar. Chem. 27, 283–297.
Xu, Z.Q., Ni, S.J., Tuo, X.G., 2008. Calculation of heavy metals toxicity coefficient in the
evaluation of potential ecological risk index. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008 (31),
112–115.
Yuan, C., Shi, J., He, B., Liu, J., Liang, L., Jiang, G., 2004. Speciation of heavy metals in
marine sediments from the East China Sea by ICP–MS with sequential extraction.
Environ. Int. 30, 769–783.
Zingde, M.D., Rokade, M.A., Mandalia, A.V., 1988. Heavy metals in Mindhola river estuary. Indian Mar. Pollut. Bull. 19, 538540.
I. Ahmed et al.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 136 (2018) 322–333
333
shelf sediments off Sydney, Australia – A new approach using normalisation with
cobalt. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 42, 1055–1063.
McCready, S., Birch, G.F., Long, E.R., 2006. Metallic and organic contaminants in sediments of Sydney harbour, Australia and vicinity-a chemical dataset for evaluating
sediment quality guidelines. Environ. Int. 32, 455–465.
Morton, B., Blackmore, G., 2001. South China Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 42, 12361263.
MPRH, 2010. Etude de salubrité et classification des zones de pêches et d'aquaculture. In:
Rapport contamination no 2. Ministère de la pêche et des ressources halieutiques
(137p).
Muller, G., 1969. Index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine River. GeoJournal
2, 108–118.
Nasr, S.M., Okbah, M.A., El Haddad, H.S., Soliman, N., 2015. Assessment of metals
contamination in sediments from the Mediterranean Sea (Libya) using pollution indices and multivariate statistical analysis. Glob. J. Adv. Res. 2, 120–136.
Nriagu, J.O., 1996. A history of global metal pollution. Science 272, 223–224.
Oliver, H., Lotte, A.F., Lemcke, G., 2001. Loss on ignition as a method for estimating
organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of
results. J. Paleolimnol. 25, 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008119611481.
Omar, M.B., Mendiguchıa, C., Er-Raioui, H., Marhraoui, M., Lafraoui, G., Oulad-Abdellah,
M.K., 2015. Distribution of heavy metals in marine sediments of Tetouan coast (north
of Morocco): natural and anthropogenic sources. Environ. Earth Sci. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s12665-015-4494-4.
ONS, 2016. L'Algérie en quelques chiffres: résultats/2013/2014/2015 Office National des
Statistiques. In: Annuel Notice établie d'après le no 45(2015). Série statistiques
ordonnée/série temporelle/distribution statistique/Algérie/2016978-9961-40-107-1,
ISSN 1010 –1284. (No 46, Edition: 2016. 78p).
Pedersen, F., Bjørnestad, E., Andersen, H.V., Kjølholt, J., Poll, C., 1998. Characterization
of sediments from Copenhagen harbour by use of biotests. Water Sci. Technol. 37,
233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00203-0.
Perkins, E.J., Gilchrist, J.R.S., Abbott, O.J., 1973. Trace metals in Solway firth sediments.
Mar. Pollut. Bull. 4, 59–61.
Radakovitch, O., Roussiez, V., Ollivier, P., Ludwig, W., Grenz, C., Probst, J.L., 2008.
Particulate heavy metals input from rivers and associated sedimentary deposits on
the Gulf of Lion continental shelf. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 77, 285–295.
Ravichandran, M., Baskaran, M., Santschi, P.H., Bianchi, T.S., 1995. History of trace
metal pollution in Sabine Neches estuary, Beaumont, Texas. Environ. Sci. Technol. 29
(6), 1495–1503.
Reddy, M.S., Basha, S., Kumar, V.G.S., Joshi, H.V., Ramachandraiah, G., 2004.
Distribution, enrichment and accumulation of heavy metals in coastal sediments of
Alange Sosiya ship scrapping yard, India. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 48, 1055–1059.
Ridgway, J. and Shimmield, G., 2002. Estuaries as repositories of historical contamination
and their impact on shelf seas. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 55, 903–928. https:/doi.org/
https://doi.org/10.1006/ecss.2002.1035.
Rigaud, S., Radakovitch, O., Couture, R.M., Deflandre, B., Cossa, D., Garnier, C., Garnier,
J.M., 2013. Mobility and fluxes of trace elements and nutrients at the sediment-water
interface of a lagoon under contrasting water column oxygenation conditions. Appl.
Geochem. 31, 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochm.2012.12.003.
Rodier, J., 1996. L'analyse de l'eau. In: eaux naturelles, eaux résiduelles, eau de mer,
8ème édition. DUNOT, Paris, pp. 385–401.
Radhouan, El Zrelli, Courjault-Radé, Pierre, Rabaoui, Lotfi, Castet, Sylvie, Michel,
Sylvain, Bejaoui, Nejla, 2015. Heavy metal contamination and ecological risk assessment in the surface sediments of the coastal area surrounding the industrial
complex of Gabes city, Gulf of Gabes, SE Tunisia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 101, 922–929.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.047.
Roussiez, V., Ludwig, W., Probst, J.L., Monaco, A., Bouloubassi, I., Buscail, R., Saragoni,
G., 2006. Sources and sinks of sediment-bound contaminant in the Gulf of Lions (NW
Mediterranean Sea): a multi-tracer approach. Cont. Shelf Res. 26, 1843–1857.
Roussiez, V., Heussner, S., Ludwig, W., Radakovitch, O., Durrieu De Madro, X., Guieu, C.,
Probst, J.-L., Monaco, A., Delsau, N., 2012. Impact of oceanic floods on particulate
metal inputs to coastal and deep-sea environments: a case study in the NW
Mediterranean Sea. Cont. Shelf Res. 45, 15–26.
Salomons, W., Forstner, U., 1984. Metals in the Hydrocycle. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Heidelberg, Germany.
Santos, I.R., Silva-Filho, E.V., Schaefer, C., Albuquerque-Filho, M.R., Campos, L.S., 2005.
Heavy metal contamination in coastal sediments and soils near the Brazilian
Antarctic Station, King George Island. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 50, 185e194.
Sin, S.N., Chua, H., Lo, W., 2001. Assessment of heavy metal cations in sediments of Shing
Mun River, Hong Kong. Environ. Int. 26 (5), 297–301.
Soliman, Farag Naglaa, Nasr, Samir Mahmoud, Okbah, Mohamed Abdelaziz, 2015.
Potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediments from the Mediterranean coast,
Egypt. J. Environ. Health Sci. Eng. 2015 (13), 70. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40201015-0223-x.
Span, D., 1984. Etude par fractionnement chimique de la distribution des métaux traces
dans les sédiments marins récents: le Delta du Rhône, les golfes de St Raphael et de
Cannes-La Napoule. Thèse de doctorat de 3ème cycle. VI Université Pierre et, Marie
Curie, Paris (252p).
Stewart, C., 1989. Spatial and temporal trends in trace metal deposition in Canterbury,
New Zealand. Ph.D. thesis. University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Sutherland, R.A., 2000. Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu,
Hawaii. Environ. Geol. 39, 611–627.
Swarnalatha, K., Letha, J., Ayoob, S., 2013. Ecological risk assessment of a tropical lake
system. J, Urban Environ. Eng. (1982-3932) vol. 7 (2 (2013)), 323–329. https://doi.
org/10.4090/juee.2013.v7n2.323329.
Tam, N.F.Y., Wong, Y.S., 2000. Spatial variation of heavy metals in surface sediments of
Hong Kong mangrove swamps. Environ. Pollut. 110, 195–205.
Taylor, S.R., 1964. Abundance of chemical elements in the continental crust: a new table.
Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 28 (8), 1273–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/00167037(64)90129-2.
Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and
Evolution. Blackwell, Oxford.
Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1995. The geochemical evolution of the continental crust.
Rev. Geophys. 33, 241–265.
Tomlinson, D.C., Wilson, J.G., Harris, C.R., Jeffery, D.W., 1980. Problems in the assessment of heavy metals levels in estuaries and the formation of a pollution index. 33.
Environ. Eval. (Helgoländer Meeresun.) 33, 566–575.
Topcuoglu, S., Kirbasoglu, C., Gungor, N., 2002. Heavy metals in organisms and sediments from Turkish Coast of the Black Sea, 1997–1998. Environ. Int. 27, 521–526.
Turekian, K.K., Wedepohl, K.H., 1961. Distribution of the elements in some major units of
the Earth's crust. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 72, 175–192.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1992. Framework for ecological risk assessment.
In: Risk Assessment Forum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
(EPA/630/R-92/001).
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1998. Guidelines for ecological risk assessment.
In: Risk Assessment Forum. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC
(EPA/630/R-95/002F).
Viers, J., Dupré, B., Gaillard, J., 2009. Chemical composition of suspended sediments in
world Rivers: new insights from a new database. Sci. Total Environ. 407 (2009),
853–868.
Wedepohl, K.H., 1995. The composition of the continental crust. Geochim. Cosmochim.
Acta 59 (7), 1217–1232.
Windom, H.L., Smith Jr., R.G., Rawlinson, C., 1989. Particulate trace metal composition
and flux across the south eastern US continental shelf. Mar. Chem. 27, 283–297.
Xu, Z.Q., Ni, S.J., Tuo, X.G., 2008. Calculation of heavy metals toxicity coefficient in the
evaluation of potential ecological risk index. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2008 (31),
112–115.
Yuan, C., Shi, J., He, B., Liu, J., Liang, L., Jiang, G., 2004. Speciation of heavy metals in
marine sediments from the East China Sea by ICP–MS with sequential extraction.
Environ. Int. 30, 769–783.
Zingde, M.D., Rokade, M.A., Mandalia, A.V., 1988. Heavy metals in Mindhola river estuary. Indian Mar. Pollut. Bull. 19, 538540.
I. Ahmed et al.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 136 (2018) 322–333
333