96
S.L. Chang
CHANG, S.L., KABLER, K.W., and WOODWARD, R.L. (1960). Survey of free-living nematodes and
amebas in municipal supplies. J. Am. Wtr. Wks. Assoc. 52, 613-618.
CHANG, S.L. (1971). Small, free-living amoebae: Cultivation, Quantitation, Identification,
Classification, and Resistance. Current Topics in Comparative Pathobiology, vol. 1. Academic Press,
Inc., N.Y.
CHANG, S.L., MITCHELL, R.B., and SCHNEIDER, N.J. Free-living amoebae in Florida Lakes, with
special emphasis on the occurrence of the Genus Naegleria. In preparation.
DUMA, R.J., ROSENBLUM, W.I., McGEHEE, R.F., JONES, M.M., and NELSON, E.C. (1971).
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria. Two new cases, response to
amphotericin B, and a review. Ann. Int. Med. 74, 923-931.
HECHT, R.H. et al., (1971)Primary amoebic'meningoencephalitis. Morb. & Mort. Wkly. Rep. 20, 217.
SYMMERS, W.St.C. (1969). Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis in Britain. Brit. Med. J. 4,
449454.
SINGH, B.N. (1952). Nuclear division in nine species of small freeliving amoebae and its bearing on
the classification of the order Amoebeda. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B 236, 405-461.
WANG, S.S. and FELDMAN, H.A. (1967). Isolation of Hartmannella species from human throats.
New Eng. J. Med. 277,1174-1179.
WARHURST, D.C., ROOME, A.P.C.H., and SAYGI, G. (1970). Naegleria sp. from human
cerebrospinal fluid. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64,19-21.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1
A. A PMK cell bottle culture showing plaques formed by a pathogenic Naegleria after an 11-day
incubation. The bottle culture was plaqued on the third week of testing the survival of the
pathogenic Naegleria in coexistence with a wild strain of N. gruberi.
B. A BST agar plate showing plaques formed by a wild strain of TV. gruberi after 6 days of incubation.
The plate was plaqued on third week of testing the growth pattern of the wild strain in coexistence
with a pathogenic strain.
C. A photomicrograph of the center of a plaque formed by a wild strain of TV. gruberi on a BST agar
plate. Notice the packed cyst formation and the pearl-like cysts. 100 X.
D. A photomicrograph of the center of a plaque formed by a pathogenic strain of Naegleria in
association with B. bronchoseptica. The plaquing plate was prepared in an early study (Chang,
1971) and is shown here for the purpose of comparison. Notice the "ghost-celT'-like cysts of the
pathogenic Naegleria, apparently due to the drying effect on cysts, which is not so apparent on
cysts of wild strains. 100 X.
S.L. Chang
CHANG, S.L., KABLER, K.W., and WOODWARD, R.L. (1960). Survey of free-living nematodes and
amebas in municipal supplies. J. Am. Wtr. Wks. Assoc. 52, 613-618.
CHANG, S.L. (1971). Small, free-living amoebae: Cultivation, Quantitation, Identification,
Classification, and Resistance. Current Topics in Comparative Pathobiology, vol. 1. Academic Press,
Inc., N.Y.
CHANG, S.L., MITCHELL, R.B., and SCHNEIDER, N.J. Free-living amoebae in Florida Lakes, with
special emphasis on the occurrence of the Genus Naegleria. In preparation.
DUMA, R.J., ROSENBLUM, W.I., McGEHEE, R.F., JONES, M.M., and NELSON, E.C. (1971).
Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria. Two new cases, response to
amphotericin B, and a review. Ann. Int. Med. 74, 923-931.
HECHT, R.H. et al., (1971)Primary amoebic'meningoencephalitis. Morb. & Mort. Wkly. Rep. 20, 217.
SYMMERS, W.St.C. (1969). Primary amoebic meningo-encephalitis in Britain. Brit. Med. J. 4,
449454.
SINGH, B.N. (1952). Nuclear division in nine species of small freeliving amoebae and its bearing on
the classification of the order Amoebeda. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B 236, 405-461.
WANG, S.S. and FELDMAN, H.A. (1967). Isolation of Hartmannella species from human throats.
New Eng. J. Med. 277,1174-1179.
WARHURST, D.C., ROOME, A.P.C.H., and SAYGI, G. (1970). Naegleria sp. from human
cerebrospinal fluid. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64,19-21.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE 1
A. A PMK cell bottle culture showing plaques formed by a pathogenic Naegleria after an 11-day
incubation. The bottle culture was plaqued on the third week of testing the survival of the
pathogenic Naegleria in coexistence with a wild strain of N. gruberi.
B. A BST agar plate showing plaques formed by a wild strain of TV. gruberi after 6 days of incubation.
The plate was plaqued on third week of testing the growth pattern of the wild strain in coexistence
with a pathogenic strain.
C. A photomicrograph of the center of a plaque formed by a wild strain of TV. gruberi on a BST agar
plate. Notice the packed cyst formation and the pearl-like cysts. 100 X.
D. A photomicrograph of the center of a plaque formed by a pathogenic strain of Naegleria in
association with B. bronchoseptica. The plaquing plate was prepared in an early study (Chang,
1971) and is shown here for the purpose of comparison. Notice the "ghost-celT'-like cysts of the
pathogenic Naegleria, apparently due to the drying effect on cysts, which is not so apparent on
cysts of wild strains. 100 X.