WORLD ATLAS OF CORAL REEFS
area of reef is not great. Off the eastern coasts of
Carriacou and Petit Martinique relatively large bank
barrier reefs have been formed. Many of the shallow reefs
were reported to have become overgrown with algae
during the 1980s, probably linked to the Diadema die-off,
but possibly exacerbated by sewage and agrochemical
pollution and increased sedimentation.
Trinidad and Tobago
The large island of Trinidad and the nearby Tobago lie
well south of the chain of the Lesser Antilles, on the
continental shelf of South America. Reef development
around Trinidad is severely restricted. The Orinoco River
lies to the south and discharges huge volumes of sediment
into the sea, creating turbid conditions which predominate
along the south and east coastlines of the island. The
western coastline faces the Gulf of Paria which, along
with high levels of sediments, has near estuarine
conditions arising from the high freshwater inputs and
semi-enclosed nature of this gulf There are small, low
diversity coral communities in places on the north shore.
Tobago lies close to the edge of the continental shelf, and
here reef development is much better, with a number of
fringing reefs, particularly on the north shore and in the
southwest. Tobago has a considerable tourism industry,
and the impacts of tourism have undoubtedly led to the
degradation of some coastal reefs.
Protected areas with coral reefs
L^
Site name
Designation
Abbreviation
lUCN cat.
Size ikmi|
Year
Anguilla
Little Bay
Fish Nursery Reserve
FNR
na
na
na
Sandy Island
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Seal Island and
Prickly Pear Cay East
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Shoal Bay
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Antigua and Barbuda
Green Island Reefs
Park Reserve
PRes
IV
na
na
Northeast Archipelago
Park Reserve
PRes
IV
na
na
Palaster Reef
Marine National Park
MNP
II
5.00
1973
Salt Fish Tail Reef (Diamond Reetl
Marine National Park
MNP
II
20.00
1973
Cades Bay
Marine Reserve
MR
ETC
na
1999
Barbados
Barbados
Marine Reserve
MR
II
2.30
1980
Dominica
Cabrits
National Park
NP
II
5.31
1986
Soufriere/Scotfs Head
Marine Reserve
MR
V
na
na
Guadeloupe
Grand Cul-de-Sac Marin
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
37.36
1987
Petite-Terre
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
9.90
1998
St. Barthelemy
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
12.00
1996
St. Martin
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
30.60
1998
Grand Cul-de-Sac Marin
DE la Guadeloupe
Archipel de la Guadeloupe
Ramsar Site
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
200.00
1993
697.00
1992
area of reef is not great. Off the eastern coasts of
Carriacou and Petit Martinique relatively large bank
barrier reefs have been formed. Many of the shallow reefs
were reported to have become overgrown with algae
during the 1980s, probably linked to the Diadema die-off,
but possibly exacerbated by sewage and agrochemical
pollution and increased sedimentation.
Trinidad and Tobago
The large island of Trinidad and the nearby Tobago lie
well south of the chain of the Lesser Antilles, on the
continental shelf of South America. Reef development
around Trinidad is severely restricted. The Orinoco River
lies to the south and discharges huge volumes of sediment
into the sea, creating turbid conditions which predominate
along the south and east coastlines of the island. The
western coastline faces the Gulf of Paria which, along
with high levels of sediments, has near estuarine
conditions arising from the high freshwater inputs and
semi-enclosed nature of this gulf There are small, low
diversity coral communities in places on the north shore.
Tobago lies close to the edge of the continental shelf, and
here reef development is much better, with a number of
fringing reefs, particularly on the north shore and in the
southwest. Tobago has a considerable tourism industry,
and the impacts of tourism have undoubtedly led to the
degradation of some coastal reefs.
Protected areas with coral reefs
L^
Site name
Designation
Abbreviation
lUCN cat.
Size ikmi|
Year
Anguilla
Little Bay
Fish Nursery Reserve
FNR
na
na
na
Sandy Island
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Seal Island and
Prickly Pear Cay East
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Shoal Bay
Marine Park
MP
na
na
na
Antigua and Barbuda
Green Island Reefs
Park Reserve
PRes
IV
na
na
Northeast Archipelago
Park Reserve
PRes
IV
na
na
Palaster Reef
Marine National Park
MNP
II
5.00
1973
Salt Fish Tail Reef (Diamond Reetl
Marine National Park
MNP
II
20.00
1973
Cades Bay
Marine Reserve
MR
ETC
na
1999
Barbados
Barbados
Marine Reserve
MR
II
2.30
1980
Dominica
Cabrits
National Park
NP
II
5.31
1986
Soufriere/Scotfs Head
Marine Reserve
MR
V
na
na
Guadeloupe
Grand Cul-de-Sac Marin
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
37.36
1987
Petite-Terre
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
9.90
1998
St. Barthelemy
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
12.00
1996
St. Martin
Nature Reserve
NR
IV
30.60
1998
Grand Cul-de-Sac Marin
DE la Guadeloupe
Archipel de la Guadeloupe
Ramsar Site
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
200.00
1993
697.00
1992