Immune system of Cyprinid fish
441
of antigen, complexed with lg,
on
the
surface
of
dendritic
cells
in
the
follicle centres is of prime importance (Tew et al.,
In
carp the processing of antigen is in first
instance
a
non—specific
proCess
ÂÏ
(Lamers
& Parmentier, 1985), whereas in the later phases antigen became spec—
ifically bound to the surface of melanomacrophageS, and
it
was
retained
in
this
Way for more
than one year.
Moreover, it was the only place in the lym—
phoid organs of carp where antigen could be detected from 2 months
after
jection onwards (Lamers & De Haas, 1985).
Furthermore, there are strong indi—
' 1
cations
that at
the places where antigen is
retained,
lg
is
simultaneoüsly
"
present
(Lamers, 1985).
On the contrary, injected immune complexes were only
__
detectable in the lymphoid organs for a relative short period, and no
binding
to MMCs was
observed
(Secombes et al., 1982a).
Nevertheless it was shown that
injection of immune complexes induced a stronger memory than injection of
an—
tigen
alone
(Secombes & Resink, 1984)°
Still it is tempting to speculate on
the relation of
the antigen retained on melanomacrophages (Lamers &
De
Haas,
1985),
and
the development and maintenance of memory (Lamers et al., 1985a),
as
the time course of both processes resemble each other, possibly a
continu—
ous
stimulation of lymphocytes by the antigen is needed to maintain this memo—
_
ry.
In this
respect it is noteworthy that Ellis & De Sousce
(1974)
observed
in
plaice
(Pleuronectes
platesca)
that
small
lymphocytes
in significant
numbers percollate through the MMCs, and they
that
this
process
might be related to the induction of these cells.
Thus, it seems that despite
the structural
"simplicity" of carp 1ymphoid organs, certain immune
functions
are
structure
related…
Nevertheless, much more information is needed on this
subject, and especially on trapping of immune complexes to get more insight in
the processes
that underlie immunological memory.
-
'
’
Immunological tolerance has also
been
demonstrated
in
cyprinid
fish.
Serero
& Avta1ion (1978) and Richter et al.
(1982) completely suppressed the
anti—BSA response in adult carp by intracardiac injection of soluble
The
induction of tolerance was not dependent on antigen dose, but the route of in—
jection and the nature of the antigen were very critical.— Wishkovsky & _Avta—
lion (1982) showed that at relatively low temperatures only a high dOSe Of so—
lubre BSA induced tolerance, which was specific and long—lasting (f16 months):
suggested
that
this long—term-negative memory was Stored by specific
suppresSor cellsThere are also indications,
«that
immuniZation,
a
Certain stage of immunological
a
state
of
mess-(Van Loon et ala, 1981;
_
::
«,
,
MTUN®MODULATION
_
;
:'gr
': Temperature
dlreCtly ln—
f leùnmambi e n t' temperæi
,
sthe beststudledanä most
Si€ùificant
ral—) …m fish. -
,
.
,.:
:
*“ Wf‘”
Hi1demann…studiedwthe
'
sh.
the fire
se“
'
MST and temperature « was: not
b“ËShowedabreakSîmeW2îïurîîïïîuîî
_
an@…25°ç…
The f i r s t 0 ES e tva t ions
«* Synthe si…3_ ‘ 1ncyprm1dflsh
dateba th° thebeglÏnlng OâtÊecenîËry
”investigated“
…
441
of antigen, complexed with lg,
on
the
surface
of
dendritic
cells
in
the
follicle centres is of prime importance (Tew et al.,
In
carp the processing of antigen is in first
instance
a
non—specific
proCess
ÂÏ
(Lamers
& Parmentier, 1985), whereas in the later phases antigen became spec—
ifically bound to the surface of melanomacrophageS, and
it
was
retained
in
this
Way for more
than one year.
Moreover, it was the only place in the lym—
phoid organs of carp where antigen could be detected from 2 months
after
jection onwards (Lamers & De Haas, 1985).
Furthermore, there are strong indi—
' 1
cations
that at
the places where antigen is
retained,
lg
is
simultaneoüsly
"
present
(Lamers, 1985).
On the contrary, injected immune complexes were only
__
detectable in the lymphoid organs for a relative short period, and no
binding
to MMCs was
observed
(Secombes et al., 1982a).
Nevertheless it was shown that
injection of immune complexes induced a stronger memory than injection of
an—
tigen
alone
(Secombes & Resink, 1984)°
Still it is tempting to speculate on
the relation of
the antigen retained on melanomacrophages (Lamers &
De
Haas,
1985),
and
the development and maintenance of memory (Lamers et al., 1985a),
as
the time course of both processes resemble each other, possibly a
continu—
ous
stimulation of lymphocytes by the antigen is needed to maintain this memo—
_
ry.
In this
respect it is noteworthy that Ellis & De Sousce
(1974)
observed
in
plaice
(Pleuronectes
platesca)
that
small
lymphocytes
in significant
numbers percollate through the MMCs, and they
that
this
process
might be related to the induction of these cells.
Thus, it seems that despite
the structural
"simplicity" of carp 1ymphoid organs, certain immune
functions
are
structure
related…
Nevertheless, much more information is needed on this
subject, and especially on trapping of immune complexes to get more insight in
the processes
that underlie immunological memory.
-
'
’
Immunological tolerance has also
been
demonstrated
in
cyprinid
fish.
Serero
& Avta1ion (1978) and Richter et al.
(1982) completely suppressed the
anti—BSA response in adult carp by intracardiac injection of soluble
The
induction of tolerance was not dependent on antigen dose, but the route of in—
jection and the nature of the antigen were very critical.— Wishkovsky & _Avta—
lion (1982) showed that at relatively low temperatures only a high dOSe Of so—
lubre BSA induced tolerance, which was specific and long—lasting (f16 months):
suggested
that
this long—term-negative memory was Stored by specific
suppresSor cellsThere are also indications,
«that
immuniZation,
a
Certain stage of immunological
a
state
of
mess-(Van Loon et ala, 1981;
_
::
«,
,
MTUN®MODULATION
_
;
:'gr
': Temperature
dlreCtly ln—
f leùnmambi e n t' temperæi
,
sthe beststudledanä most
Si€ùificant
ral—) …m fish. -
,
.
,.:
:
*“ Wf‘”
Hi1demann…studiedwthe
'
sh.
the fire
se“
'
MST and temperature « was: not
b“ËShowedabreakSîmeW2îïurîîïïîuîî
_
an@…25°ç…
The f i r s t 0 ES e tva t ions
«* Synthe si…3_ ‘ 1ncyprm1dflsh
dateba th° thebeglÏnlng OâtÊecenîËry
”investigated“
…