438
,
reaction.
_
Antibody affinity is the strength of
interaction
of
an
antibody
with
"its"
antigen.
In mammals antibody affinity increases during the immune res—
ponse,
which is accompagnied by a switch from ŒHW to LMW lg.
In cyprinid fish
no
such switch occurs,
and the intrinsic affinity of carp antibody is low, and
it does not change during the immune
response
(Fiebig
&
Ambrosius,
1977).
This
has
also been observed in tench (Vilain et al…, 1984).
On the contrary
the functional affinity of carp antibody was much greater,
and
it
increased
considerably
after
secondary immunization°
Moreover, there ap—
peared to be a 'T—ce11‘ involvement in the selection and proliferation
induc—
tion of high affinity 'B—cell' clones (Fiebig et al., 1977, 1979).
.
In the antibody response to a given antigen tens of cell clones
in—
volved,
each .of which produces molecules of a particular idiotypic structure
(variable Ag binding region)Such polyclonal response also occurs
in
carp.
However, Machulla et al.
(1980) stated that there was only a low diversity of
carp
antibodies.
This observation has been confirmed
by
Wetzel
et,
al.
(1983),
who analysed the heterogeneity of anti—DNP antibody by isoelectrio focalisation in carp, tench and
HUMORAL
:.
,
x
,
The capability of cyprinid fish to
respond
upon
antigenic
stimulation,
with
specific
antibody production has been known since the beginning of this
century (Babes & Riegler, 1903, cited by Pliska,
Primary and secondary
antibody
responses
have
been
observed‘
using ‘a“ variety of antigenS, e-gerythrocytes (Rijkers et al., 1980b,c,), bacteria and bacterial extracts (Secombes et al., 1982a;
Lamers
& Van Muiswinkel, 1984;
Lamers
et
al., 1985a,b);
virus
particles
1980),
proteins
(Ambrosius
&
Schaker,
1969),
lipopolysaccharides
(Lamers,
1985) and haptens (Avtalion,_
Whisk0vsky &
Following antigen injection it takes some time (latent period) before
first
the
During that time a complex
quence
of events takes placez
-It is known from mammals that
antigen Üuptakeç_and
and
ti0n,
and BjÇell activation, T—B co—operation, resulting in cell prolifera-.
tion,
antibody production.
ape,
of macrophages during the
immune
response,
Whether Qr not
the splenic
and in
of
brodùètiôn
-
-
kiss <0s & At11984
sa1 &… 1984>d
"
f
slfssthlymphdg (Mg t11982> ndfmt f
pyrOnin0philic bell clusters'(secbmbës ét
suggest
in cyprinid fish similar mechanisms are
in Ëhë
as
served in mammalg.…,,a
_
_
_
CELL MEDIA‘IED;ŒMUNE
'
"
,
Th sell msdëstsd' mmnty
to
a‘c‘tivîsy. f
T+lymphocytes… wshutanyntbmwof immgnèg1cbùnn…j
&“
.
as
reg‘flat°=ry"'ë
ser) or si£.èçtor,g çèl,ls… (killer) ., . Ingl_V£
ËË“hÉPÊÏÏH°“ÏgftCMUItrnplantstnsnstumommumty ;and‘ delayîtype
Y(DTH)a Wherea81_nVltroman1festatlonscomprise
dire“
,
‘
…
,
reaction.
_
Antibody affinity is the strength of
interaction
of
an
antibody
with
"its"
antigen.
In mammals antibody affinity increases during the immune res—
ponse,
which is accompagnied by a switch from ŒHW to LMW lg.
In cyprinid fish
no
such switch occurs,
and the intrinsic affinity of carp antibody is low, and
it does not change during the immune
response
(Fiebig
&
Ambrosius,
1977).
This
has
also been observed in tench (Vilain et al…, 1984).
On the contrary
the functional affinity of carp antibody was much greater,
and
it
increased
considerably
after
secondary immunization°
Moreover, there ap—
peared to be a 'T—ce11‘ involvement in the selection and proliferation
induc—
tion of high affinity 'B—cell' clones (Fiebig et al., 1977, 1979).
.
In the antibody response to a given antigen tens of cell clones
in—
volved,
each .of which produces molecules of a particular idiotypic structure
(variable Ag binding region)Such polyclonal response also occurs
in
carp.
However, Machulla et al.
(1980) stated that there was only a low diversity of
carp
antibodies.
This observation has been confirmed
by
Wetzel
et,
al.
(1983),
who analysed the heterogeneity of anti—DNP antibody by isoelectrio focalisation in carp, tench and
HUMORAL
:.
,
x
,
The capability of cyprinid fish to
respond
upon
antigenic
stimulation,
with
specific
antibody production has been known since the beginning of this
century (Babes & Riegler, 1903, cited by Pliska,
Primary and secondary
antibody
responses
have
been
observed‘
using ‘a“ variety of antigenS, e-gerythrocytes (Rijkers et al., 1980b,c,), bacteria and bacterial extracts (Secombes et al., 1982a;
Lamers
& Van Muiswinkel, 1984;
Lamers
et
al., 1985a,b);
virus
particles
1980),
proteins
(Ambrosius
&
Schaker,
1969),
lipopolysaccharides
(Lamers,
1985) and haptens (Avtalion,_
Whisk0vsky &
Following antigen injection it takes some time (latent period) before
first
the
During that time a complex
quence
of events takes placez
-It is known from mammals that
antigen Üuptakeç_and
and
ti0n,
and BjÇell activation, T—B co—operation, resulting in cell prolifera-.
tion,
antibody production.
ape,
of macrophages during the
immune
response,
Whether Qr not
the splenic
and in
of
brodùètiôn
-
-
kiss <0s & At11984
sa1 &… 1984>d
"
f
slfssthlymphdg (Mg t11982> ndfmt f
pyrOnin0philic bell clusters'(secbmbës ét
suggest
in cyprinid fish similar mechanisms are
in Ëhë
as
served in mammalg.…,,a
_
_
_
CELL MEDIA‘IED;ŒMUNE
'
"
,
Th sell msdëstsd' mmnty
to
a‘c‘tivîsy. f
T+lymphocytes… wshutanyntbmwof immgnèg1cbùnn…j
&“
.
as
reg‘flat°=ry"'ë
ser) or si£.èçtor,g çèl,ls… (killer) ., . Ingl_V£
ËË“hÉPÊÏÏH°“ÏgftCMUItrnplantstnsnstumommumty ;and‘ delayîtype
Y(DTH)a Wherea81_nVltroman1festatlonscomprise
dire“
,
‘
…