\
‘
‘
Immune system of cyprinid fish
431
1981a;
Fletcher, 1982;
Rijkers, 1982a).
Within the scope of this paper only
two humoral and three cellular components
of
cyprinid
non—specific
defence
Will be mentioned.
,
Humoral factors.
The non—specific antiviral protein interferon (IEN)
is
produced
by
virus
infected cells and has been demonstrated in carp following
ihfection with the pathogenic virus, causing spring
carp
(SVC).
IFN
levels
in carp raised to high levels during the first two days of infec—
tion, and declined from day 3 onwardsBy day 14 IFN levels
had
disappeared
Kinkelin et al., 1982)°
It has been recognized that clinical SVC does not
occur
above 20°C.
This phenomenon might be
correlated
with
the
increasing
rate
of IFN production at elevated temperatures, as viral replication is unaf—
fected at those temperatures, or it might indicate the
increasing
participa—
tion of the specific immune system.
_
'
,
Complement is a very important defence system and is known
to«
exist
in
”serum of
cyprinid fish.
However, little is understood of
com—
ponents
,
mechanism of activation and its functional significance-. Rijkers et
(1980a)
has
shown that
carp IgM could fix complement and thus activate
*its lytic propertiesThis activation along the classical pathway (= by means
of lg), is part of specific immune processes, and forms the basis for the has_m01ÿtic plaque assay in carp.
There was only a limited
of complement:
serum
of only 5 out of 11 cyprinids had the ability to
SRBC sensitized with carp lg.
Lysis required the presence
Mg++… and
'Cà++
ions,
and could take place over a wide temperature range (e…g.
,in…carp
Rijkers et al., 1980a).
Complement activity was heat, labile,
c0uld
be
inactivated at 42°C in carp and at
Cyprinid
may
be
activated
non—specifically
along
the
alternative
by
means
of a variety of
usually polymers With repeating
of
bacterial or fungal origin;
e.g.
goldfish serum was
lytic; for
erythrocytes
without
presence
of specific Ig.. Preincubation—of this
substances that are known to activate this alternative
pathway. in
mammals
(eog.
inulin, zymozan) depleted it from this lytic activity (Kaastrup
1983).
In cyprinid fish no data are available on the possible pharma—
side produCts of complement.
"ë'
,
«
…
cellular defence
(seen also section on
=iDVOlVedä-in
processes").
Although
peripheral blood
in only small numbers, they are
kidney
The
Ïor iùert and antigenic
for ‘the' use of
the
of the=— lim—
mune
response.
The intra
is
slow
malian standards
(Avtalion &
Shahrabani,
macrophages
‘have
a
variety «of
lysosomal enzymes (Hoffman et
1981)'
Some authors reported that phàgüëÿfes Ôf immune
than normal
Avtalion, 1981)However, in cyprinids
are ava11ableon,Whetherthe
°°m"
the
AVtalib &
antibody
enhance
of intracellular
One “type of »gränu—io cy‘t‘e ê7(he‘ùrdphil«ic‘
rar}d
has phagocytic
198233 and has bÊ9n
to °°°Faln
,
.
….
1978)—
10Wer temperatures
the
carp increaSedt(Rijkérs
[“the Phagocytic activity
=loWçnifns*
,
_
_
\
…
l\
\
……
\
\“ '\'\\“\
\\
\ \ \
‘
‘
Immune system of cyprinid fish
431
1981a;
Fletcher, 1982;
Rijkers, 1982a).
Within the scope of this paper only
two humoral and three cellular components
of
cyprinid
non—specific
defence
Will be mentioned.
,
Humoral factors.
The non—specific antiviral protein interferon (IEN)
is
produced
by
virus
infected cells and has been demonstrated in carp following
ihfection with the pathogenic virus, causing spring
carp
(SVC).
IFN
levels
in carp raised to high levels during the first two days of infec—
tion, and declined from day 3 onwardsBy day 14 IFN levels
had
disappeared
Kinkelin et al., 1982)°
It has been recognized that clinical SVC does not
occur
above 20°C.
This phenomenon might be
correlated
with
the
increasing
rate
of IFN production at elevated temperatures, as viral replication is unaf—
fected at those temperatures, or it might indicate the
increasing
participa—
tion of the specific immune system.
_
'
,
Complement is a very important defence system and is known
to«
exist
in
”serum of
cyprinid fish.
However, little is understood of
com—
ponents
,
mechanism of activation and its functional significance-. Rijkers et
(1980a)
has
shown that
carp IgM could fix complement and thus activate
*its lytic propertiesThis activation along the classical pathway (= by means
of lg), is part of specific immune processes, and forms the basis for the has_m01ÿtic plaque assay in carp.
There was only a limited
of complement:
serum
of only 5 out of 11 cyprinids had the ability to
SRBC sensitized with carp lg.
Lysis required the presence
Mg++… and
'Cà++
ions,
and could take place over a wide temperature range (e…g.
,in…carp
Rijkers et al., 1980a).
Complement activity was heat, labile,
c0uld
be
inactivated at 42°C in carp and at
Cyprinid
may
be
activated
non—specifically
along
the
alternative
by
means
of a variety of
usually polymers With repeating
of
bacterial or fungal origin;
e.g.
goldfish serum was
lytic; for
erythrocytes
without
presence
of specific Ig.. Preincubation—of this
substances that are known to activate this alternative
pathway. in
mammals
(eog.
inulin, zymozan) depleted it from this lytic activity (Kaastrup
1983).
In cyprinid fish no data are available on the possible pharma—
side produCts of complement.
"ë'
,
«
…
cellular defence
(seen also section on
=iDVOlVedä-in
processes").
Although
peripheral blood
in only small numbers, they are
kidney
The
Ïor iùert and antigenic
for ‘the' use of
the
of the=— lim—
mune
response.
The intra
is
slow
malian standards
(Avtalion &
Shahrabani,
macrophages
‘have
a
variety «of
lysosomal enzymes (Hoffman et
1981)'
Some authors reported that phàgüëÿfes Ôf immune
than normal
Avtalion, 1981)However, in cyprinids
are ava11ableon,Whetherthe
°°m"
the
AVtalib &
antibody
enhance
of intracellular
One “type of »gränu—io cy‘t‘e ê7(he‘ùrdphil«ic‘
rar}d
has phagocytic
198233 and has bÊ9n
to °°°Faln
,
.
….
1978)—
10Wer temperatures
the
carp increaSedt(Rijkérs
[“the Phagocytic activity
=loWçnifns*
,
_
_
\
…
l\
\
……
\
\“ '\'\\“\
\\
\ \ \