36
R. Berka
\\
BQHEMEA
;’
“***
Fig. ]: Map of Czechoslovakia with indicated area of Bohemia
In a number of European countries, pond management is a traditional
method of fish production. The history of the pond fish culture in Europe
dates back to the 11th century. In the central part Europe, pond management
was
well developed and already technologically advanced in the 15th century.
As today, carp was the main fish reared in ponds that time. It is not known
how carp come to be introduced in ponds. One hypothesis is that they were
imported into Europe from China, but it is also said that the ancestor of the
pond carp was the wild carp from the Danube river, which was transported by
the military legions of the fish reservoirs in Rome called "piscinae". Carp
probably entered other countries by the way of the monasteries (Balon, 1969).
The history of pond fish culture in central Europe goes back to the close
of the 11th and the beginning of the 12th century. The first artificially
built ponds called "obstacula" were very simple and usually constructed by
‘
damming the narrow valley of a brook or small river. The primitive water
reservoirs were also used to improve the land mainly by controlling floods.
:
Bohemian fish pond management is a classical example of the development
of fish culture in central Europe (Teply, 1937; Berka, 1985; Mika, 1985).
‘
After the early beginnings at the onset of the 12th century, pond management
reached a peak in the l4th century when the country was governed by Charles
the Fourth.
Fonds were constructed in waterlogged meadows and swampland and
their construction was encouraged by a number of edicts issued by the Emperor. %
Carp pond—reared was a popular food in all the strata of Bohemian Society and
the market demand was high. All these factors stimulated the economic deve—
Î
lopment of pond management. At the end of the 14th century, Bohemian already
Î
had 75 000 ha of ponds which is almost 50 % more than that exist today. Fonds
price were high at that time. For instance, in the middle of the 16th century,
a
pond of 260 ha size was assigned a selling price equal to the value of two
,
or
three villages with all their serfs, land and inventory.
R. Berka
\\
BQHEMEA
;’
“***
Fig. ]: Map of Czechoslovakia with indicated area of Bohemia
In a number of European countries, pond management is a traditional
method of fish production. The history of the pond fish culture in Europe
dates back to the 11th century. In the central part Europe, pond management
was
well developed and already technologically advanced in the 15th century.
As today, carp was the main fish reared in ponds that time. It is not known
how carp come to be introduced in ponds. One hypothesis is that they were
imported into Europe from China, but it is also said that the ancestor of the
pond carp was the wild carp from the Danube river, which was transported by
the military legions of the fish reservoirs in Rome called "piscinae". Carp
probably entered other countries by the way of the monasteries (Balon, 1969).
The history of pond fish culture in central Europe goes back to the close
of the 11th and the beginning of the 12th century. The first artificially
built ponds called "obstacula" were very simple and usually constructed by
‘
damming the narrow valley of a brook or small river. The primitive water
reservoirs were also used to improve the land mainly by controlling floods.
:
Bohemian fish pond management is a classical example of the development
of fish culture in central Europe (Teply, 1937; Berka, 1985; Mika, 1985).
‘
After the early beginnings at the onset of the 12th century, pond management
reached a peak in the l4th century when the country was governed by Charles
the Fourth.
Fonds were constructed in waterlogged meadows and swampland and
their construction was encouraged by a number of edicts issued by the Emperor. %
Carp pond—reared was a popular food in all the strata of Bohemian Society and
the market demand was high. All these factors stimulated the economic deve—
Î
lopment of pond management. At the end of the 14th century, Bohemian already
Î
had 75 000 ha of ponds which is almost 50 % more than that exist today. Fonds
price were high at that time. For instance, in the middle of the 16th century,
a
pond of 260 ha size was assigned a selling price equal to the value of two
,
or
three villages with all their serfs, land and inventory.