286
‘
Dobbins.
and
Boyd
(1976)
and
Lichtkoppler
and
Boyd (1977)
fertilizer containing
half as much phosphorus -as recommended by Swingle
Smith (1947) adequate
for sunfish
ponds (Table 1). Metzger
and Boyd
showed
liquid fertilizers
to be
more
effective
than granular
(Table 1). Phytoplankton
quickly
absorbs
phosphorus-from
the water
1982). When'fertilizer“ granules are broadcast
over
the pond surface,
phosphorus dissolves before the granules— settle to the bottom (Boyd,
The granules
dissolve
while.
resting
,on
the mud, but
the
adsorbed by the muds, and its availability to the phytoplankton is
greatly. Essentially
all of the phosphorus _from liquid fertilizers
in the water, so phosphorus availability is enhanced.
Boyd (1981b) demonstrated that
granular
diammonium phOSph8te
or
triple
superphosphate
'(O—46—0)
were
superior
to
granular,
fertilizer for fish ponds (Table 1). Diammonium phosphate is recommended
triple superphosphate. It is only slightly more expensive; it is more
and its nitrogen may be beneficial in some ponds;
'
B — Fertilizer recommendations
.
.
'
Fertilization may not
be required for ponds with fertile
fertilizer rates
may be
reduced for
such ponds, For ponds
with
watersheds, either granular
or
liquid
fertilizers may
be used
to
fish
production. Liquid
fertilizers
are.
preferable; monthly
during
the
growing:
season
of
2 to 8
liter/ha of 10—34—0, or
of other
grades of
liquid fertilizer, have
been
effective
promoting
plankton ‘blooms
and fish
production. An application
rate
liter/ha has
been used
most
commonly. The most
popular
means
of applyingfuï
liquid fertilizer is to drain it into the propeller wash of an
as
the boat
moves
over
the pond surface. Liquid fertilizer also may be
with.water,
and
splashed
or
sprayed
over
pond
surfaces.
It
poured directly
into the pond, for it is heavier than water and will
the
it
to
use
…granular
fertilizer, apply 10 to 20
diammonium phosphate or triple superphosphate at monthly intervals during
growing season. Broadcast ‘the granules
over
Shallow
water
areas
l“m deep, or place the fertilizer on a platform that is 25 to
water SUIÏ8£e (Fig. 1)- The platform method permits
contacting the mud;
=
,
…'
The reSponse 'to fertilization can
be judged from
the transparency
àñd
Plankton blooms
shadeS‘
green, yellow, brown, or red‘ to the
water surface.
underwater
objects ,
e. ., , ’ai: Secchiw
‘diskæ,wi …prbpeirilÿä
fertilizedï
sunfish
ponds
ranges
cm (Boyd,
suggest a
for fish
The
common reason that iponds fail to
“acldîtYbacteria,
do
low pH;
best
and total
alkalinity in the.,”
«water
ShQÙ1d be 20
of
agriculturä1
ï
(finélÿ PUÏVËÎÎZÈd lîüéêtOnQù are
to remedy: acidity problems
in
ponds in the
Statèsü
calcium
\
\
\
0
0
Ô
‘
Dobbins.
and
Boyd
(1976)
and
Lichtkoppler
and
Boyd (1977)
fertilizer containing
half as much phosphorus -as recommended by Swingle
Smith (1947) adequate
for sunfish
ponds (Table 1). Metzger
and Boyd
showed
liquid fertilizers
to be
more
effective
than granular
(Table 1). Phytoplankton
quickly
absorbs
phosphorus-from
the water
1982). When'fertilizer“ granules are broadcast
over
the pond surface,
phosphorus dissolves before the granules— settle to the bottom (Boyd,
The granules
dissolve
while.
resting
,on
the mud, but
the
adsorbed by the muds, and its availability to the phytoplankton is
greatly. Essentially
all of the phosphorus _from liquid fertilizers
in the water, so phosphorus availability is enhanced.
Boyd (1981b) demonstrated that
granular
diammonium phOSph8te
or
triple
superphosphate
'(O—46—0)
were
superior
to
granular,
fertilizer for fish ponds (Table 1). Diammonium phosphate is recommended
triple superphosphate. It is only slightly more expensive; it is more
and its nitrogen may be beneficial in some ponds;
'
B — Fertilizer recommendations
.
.
'
Fertilization may not
be required for ponds with fertile
fertilizer rates
may be
reduced for
such ponds, For ponds
with
watersheds, either granular
or
liquid
fertilizers may
be used
to
fish
production. Liquid
fertilizers
are.
preferable; monthly
during
the
growing:
season
of
2 to 8
liter/ha of 10—34—0, or
of other
grades of
liquid fertilizer, have
been
effective
promoting
plankton ‘blooms
and fish
production. An application
rate
liter/ha has
been used
most
commonly. The most
popular
means
of applyingfuï
liquid fertilizer is to drain it into the propeller wash of an
as
the boat
moves
over
the pond surface. Liquid fertilizer also may be
with.water,
and
splashed
or
sprayed
over
pond
surfaces.
It
poured directly
into the pond, for it is heavier than water and will
the
it
to
use
…granular
fertilizer, apply 10 to 20
diammonium phosphate or triple superphosphate at monthly intervals during
growing season. Broadcast ‘the granules
over
Shallow
water
areas
l“m deep, or place the fertilizer on a platform that is 25 to
water SUIÏ8£e (Fig. 1)- The platform method permits
contacting the mud;
=
,
…'
The reSponse 'to fertilization can
be judged from
the transparency
àñd
Plankton blooms
shadeS‘
green, yellow, brown, or red‘ to the
water surface.
underwater
objects ,
e. ., , ’ai: Secchiw
‘diskæ,wi …prbpeirilÿä
fertilizedï
sunfish
ponds
ranges
cm (Boyd,
suggest a
for fish
The
common reason that iponds fail to
“acldîtYbacteria,
do
low pH;
best
and total
alkalinity in the.,”
«water
ShQÙ1d be 20
of
agriculturä1
ï
(finélÿ PUÏVËÎÎZÈd lîüéêtOnQù are
to remedy: acidity problems
in
ponds in the
Statèsü
calcium
\
\
\
0
0
Ô