Polycuure in @arp panda
277
tench9 roach9 crucian carp9 pike and pike»=perch are co«stocked
(Gauit9
in
Czechosiovakia the use of White£ish in carp ponds
is
of iong«standing tradition (Hochmam
in
the
Soviet Union
successful
triais
have
been
done
with the hybrid of beluga and ster«=
letç and with the paddiefish imported recentiy from the U.S… (Anonym9
1984aL
The
"rediscovery" of Chinese poiyculture and the introduction
of Asian herbivorous fish: grass carp,, siiver carp_
and
bighead corp
have
started
a
new
era
in European poiyculture practice since the
1950'se in the Soviet Union and Hungary herbivorous fish have been
raised on
a
mass=-scale
and
have
increased total fish output by about
30%
1983;
1984—b)° A high potential for
increased
production has been shown in Poland
1968;
1979),, Roumanie,, Bulgaria (Dimitrovs 1983), Czechoslovakia (Janeéek
et
et… 1984) and East Germany
1984).
Common carp
culture
is
not
widely used in Africa; however, it
is
done
in
some
countries, mainly in poiycu1ture with Tila ia sp., or
together with grass carp
1982;
19825°
Poiyculture of the indian major carp: catlaa rohu and mrigai
together with the Chinese silver carp and gross
and
the
comm—=—
on
carp
resuited
in high fish production in ponds in India (Lakshma=
nan
et
al…? 1971; Naurty et al…; 1978). Presently, after a decade
of
applied researche
make
it possible to obtain an
average yield
ha
year
,,
Using this technique a yield
of 9389
kg ha
year
was
obtained
which is
considered
to
be
highest fish production achieved in freshwater ponds in
India
(Chaudhuri et
1975)…
Development of polycuiture in Israei is probably the most
imp—
ressive
example… 7Fish culture was started in 1939 and in the
ning the common carp was the only fish
in
the
course
of
time, other species were introduced and today lsraeii fish culture is
based
on
a
polyculture system., After many years of management
-=1
convelntionai
culture yielded an average production about 3000 kg ha
an
intensive system was
upon
which increased the
to
8000
-
10,000 kg ha
..
ln
some
ponds 20—25 thousand
kg he”
was
achieved
(Tal and
1978; Halevy, 1979).
It
is
interesting to follow the changes in the percentage com—
position of polyculture in Israel between 1973 and 1982 (Sarig,
The
share
of
carp
in
total
pondfîsh production decreased
from
83
to
63% and that of tilapia increased sharply from 8 to 20%. Silver corp
increased slightly from 5 to 8%., The production potential of this fish
was
far
larger than market demand. The share of mugil amounted to
3 -—
7% and bighead and grass carp together
amounted
to
0.1
-
2%.
Umm the
mid
1960 "g,» ’l‘ilapia sp. were cons1dered a nuisance
in
ponds
(Sarig and Arielig 1980). They brad
at
the
rate
of
Spawnings per summer and impeded the normal growth of the or1gma—
lly stocked sh… After ail—male stocking material were produced tilapia
started to be a desirable fish in carp
277
tench9 roach9 crucian carp9 pike and pike»=perch are co«stocked
(Gauit9
in
Czechosiovakia the use of White£ish in carp ponds
is
of iong«standing tradition (Hochmam
in
the
Soviet Union
successful
triais
have
been
done
with the hybrid of beluga and ster«=
letç and with the paddiefish imported recentiy from the U.S… (Anonym9
1984aL
The
"rediscovery" of Chinese poiyculture and the introduction
of Asian herbivorous fish: grass carp,, siiver carp_
and
bighead corp
have
started
a
new
era
in European poiyculture practice since the
1950'se in the Soviet Union and Hungary herbivorous fish have been
raised on
a
mass=-scale
and
have
increased total fish output by about
30%
1983;
1984—b)° A high potential for
increased
production has been shown in Poland
1968;
1979),, Roumanie,, Bulgaria (Dimitrovs 1983), Czechoslovakia (Janeéek
et
et… 1984) and East Germany
1984).
Common carp
culture
is
not
widely used in Africa; however, it
is
done
in
some
countries, mainly in poiycu1ture with Tila ia sp., or
together with grass carp
1982;
19825°
Poiyculture of the indian major carp: catlaa rohu and mrigai
together with the Chinese silver carp and gross
and
the
comm—=—
on
carp
resuited
in high fish production in ponds in India (Lakshma=
nan
et
al…? 1971; Naurty et al…; 1978). Presently, after a decade
of
applied researche
make
it possible to obtain an
average yield
ha
year
,,
Using this technique a yield
of 9389
kg ha
year
was
obtained
which is
considered
to
be
highest fish production achieved in freshwater ponds in
India
(Chaudhuri et
1975)…
Development of polycuiture in Israei is probably the most
imp—
ressive
example… 7Fish culture was started in 1939 and in the
ning the common carp was the only fish
in
the
course
of
time, other species were introduced and today lsraeii fish culture is
based
on
a
polyculture system., After many years of management
-=1
convelntionai
culture yielded an average production about 3000 kg ha
an
intensive system was
upon
which increased the
to
8000
-
10,000 kg ha
..
ln
some
ponds 20—25 thousand
kg he”
was
achieved
(Tal and
1978; Halevy, 1979).
It
is
interesting to follow the changes in the percentage com—
position of polyculture in Israel between 1973 and 1982 (Sarig,
The
share
of
carp
in
total
pondfîsh production decreased
from
83
to
63% and that of tilapia increased sharply from 8 to 20%. Silver corp
increased slightly from 5 to 8%., The production potential of this fish
was
far
larger than market demand. The share of mugil amounted to
3 -—
7% and bighead and grass carp together
amounted
to
0.1
-
2%.
Umm the
mid
1960 "g,» ’l‘ilapia sp. were cons1dered a nuisance
in
ponds
(Sarig and Arielig 1980). They brad
at
the
rate
of
Spawnings per summer and impeded the normal growth of the or1gma—
lly stocked sh… After ail—male stocking material were produced tilapia
started to be a desirable fish in carp