marine, 37
multi-layer, 367, 368, 369
Ocean GeM, 395
process-oriented, 37
regional atmospheric, 91
Sellers type, 217, 253, 413
Statistical-dynamical, 129
test -oriented, 37
Monotone iterative arguments, 225
Mushy-region, 236
Navier-Stokes system, 7, 9, 181, 208, 367,
368,369,414
Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, 99
Noise, 409
Nonlinear diffusion, 218, 314
Nonlinear feedback, 289
North Atlantic sea, 419
Numerical statictics, 43
Obstacle problem, 235, 345
Obstruction, 238
Omega equation, 458
Onsager, 11
Optimal control, 3,4,23,24,27,29,35
Out fall, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29
Overturning, 76
P-nondegeracy property, 232
Passage to the limit, 143
Penalized problem, 347
Photosynthesis, 15
Planetary boundary layer, 93
Poincare
inequality, 348
map, 267
wave, 80
Pollutants, 3, 4, 19, 31
Pollution, 3,4, 11, 13, 135,443
Prandtl,47
Precipitation, 110,402
Principal branch, 262,264, 266, 284, 287
Principal eigenvalue, 265, 266, 267, 273,
282,285
Principle oflinearized stability, 263, 266,
267,270,282,288
Q-scheme, 18
477
Rain making, 238
Rankine-Hugoniot conditions, 376
Reaction-diffusion equation, 218
Regelation, 316
Regularization method, 221
Respiration, 15
Reynolds, 8, 41, 94, 139
Riemannian manifolds, 218, 256
Rigid lid, 81,135,170
River, 9, 10,301
Rossby,64
Rothlisberger channels, 304
Runoff, 89, 109
S-shapedness, 253, 262, 263, 267, 273,
283, 287
Saharian desert, 412
Saker equation, 196
Satellite data, 130
Seasonal
forcing, 256, 267
waves, 302, 325
Sedimentation, 11
Semiflow, 161, 162, 181
Semigroup operator, 138,258
Shallow
ice approximation, 309
water approximation, 135
Shock, 325
Sigma equations, 166
Siple coast, 307
Sliding law, 302, 316
Slow manifold, 181
Snow, 91, 254, 343
Sobolev spaces, 141,204,263,347
Soil
porosity, 101
water content, 89, 101
Solar constant, 218, 254
Special basis, 173
Spectral method, 162
Splitting, 16
St. Venant equation, 373
Stability, 47, 48, 274
Stampacchia theorem, 346
State, 23, 24, 27, 31, 33, 239
Statistical Atmosphere, 396, 403
Stefan
problem, 238, 344
multi-layer, 367, 368, 369
Ocean GeM, 395
process-oriented, 37
regional atmospheric, 91
Sellers type, 217, 253, 413
Statistical-dynamical, 129
test -oriented, 37
Monotone iterative arguments, 225
Mushy-region, 236
Navier-Stokes system, 7, 9, 181, 208, 367,
368,369,414
Newton-Raphson iterative procedure, 99
Noise, 409
Nonlinear diffusion, 218, 314
Nonlinear feedback, 289
North Atlantic sea, 419
Numerical statictics, 43
Obstacle problem, 235, 345
Obstruction, 238
Omega equation, 458
Onsager, 11
Optimal control, 3,4,23,24,27,29,35
Out fall, 3, 4, 5, 27, 29
Overturning, 76
P-nondegeracy property, 232
Passage to the limit, 143
Penalized problem, 347
Photosynthesis, 15
Planetary boundary layer, 93
Poincare
inequality, 348
map, 267
wave, 80
Pollutants, 3, 4, 19, 31
Pollution, 3,4, 11, 13, 135,443
Prandtl,47
Precipitation, 110,402
Principal branch, 262,264, 266, 284, 287
Principal eigenvalue, 265, 266, 267, 273,
282,285
Principle oflinearized stability, 263, 266,
267,270,282,288
Q-scheme, 18
477
Rain making, 238
Rankine-Hugoniot conditions, 376
Reaction-diffusion equation, 218
Regelation, 316
Regularization method, 221
Respiration, 15
Reynolds, 8, 41, 94, 139
Riemannian manifolds, 218, 256
Rigid lid, 81,135,170
River, 9, 10,301
Rossby,64
Rothlisberger channels, 304
Runoff, 89, 109
S-shapedness, 253, 262, 263, 267, 273,
283, 287
Saharian desert, 412
Saker equation, 196
Satellite data, 130
Seasonal
forcing, 256, 267
waves, 302, 325
Sedimentation, 11
Semiflow, 161, 162, 181
Semigroup operator, 138,258
Shallow
ice approximation, 309
water approximation, 135
Shock, 325
Sigma equations, 166
Siple coast, 307
Sliding law, 302, 316
Slow manifold, 181
Snow, 91, 254, 343
Sobolev spaces, 141,204,263,347
Soil
porosity, 101
water content, 89, 101
Solar constant, 218, 254
Special basis, 173
Spectral method, 162
Splitting, 16
St. Venant equation, 373
Stability, 47, 48, 274
Stampacchia theorem, 346
State, 23, 24, 27, 31, 33, 239
Statistical Atmosphere, 396, 403
Stefan
problem, 238, 344