407
Latif, M. and Villwock, A., 1990. Interannual variahility in thc Tropical Pacific as simulated in coupled
ocean-atmosphcrc models . .T. Ma:r. Syst., 1, 51-60.
Large, W.G. and Pond, S., 1982. Scnsihle and latent heat flux mcasuremcnts over the ocean . .l. Phys.
Oceano.Q7·., 12, 464-482.
Levitus, S., 1982. Climatological atlas of the world ocean. NOAA professional papf'I", hf 13, 173 pp.
Marti, 0.; Madec, G. and Delecluse, P .. 1991. Comment on: "Net diffusivity in occan gcneral eirculation
models with nonuniform grids". Acceptcd in .T. Cmphys. R('s.
Neelin, .J.D., 1988. A simple model for surfacc stress and low-level flow in the tropical atmosphere driven
by prescribed heating. QUaiL .l. Roy. Mr.!. Soc., 114, 747-770.
Neelin, J.D., 1989. Intcrannual oscillations in an ocean gencral eirculation model coupled to a simple
atmosphere model. Phil. l'mns. Roy. Soc. London, 329A, 189-205.
Neelin, .J.D., 1990. A hybrid coupled gencral eirculation modcl for El Nino studics . .T. Atmos. Sci., 47,
674-693.
Neelin, J.D.; Latif, M.; Allaart, M.A.F.; Cane, M.A.; Cubasch, U.; Gates, W.L.; Gent. P.R.; Ghil, M.;
Gordon, C.; Lau, N.C.; Mechoso, C.R.; Meehl, G.A.; Oherlmber, .J.M.; Philander, S.G.H.; Schopf,
P.S.; Sperber, K.R.; Sterl, A.; Tokioka, T.; Tribhia, .J. and Zebiak, S.E., 1992. Tropical air-sea
interaction in general circulation models. Climate Dyn., 7, 73-104.
Oberhuber, .J.M., 1988. An atlas bascd on the COADS data set: the budgets of heat, buoyancy and
turbulent kinetic cnergy at the surfacc of the global ocean. MPI T('ch. Rep., 15, 20 pp.
Opsteegh, J.D. and Mureau, R., 1984. Dcscription of a 15-layer stcady statc atmosphere model. Tech.
Rep. SR84-1.9, Univ. Mariland, Dep. Meteorology. College Park.
Paulson, C.A. and Simpson, .1..J., 1977. Irradiance measurcments in the upper ocean . .T. PhY8. Ocea1/,og1'.,
Of 7, 952-956.
Posmentier, E.S.; Canc, M.A. and Zchiak, S.E .. 1989. Tropical Pacific climate trends sincc 1960. .l.
Climate, 2, 731-736.
Philander, S.G.H., Hurlin, W . .J. and Sicgel A.D., 1987. Sillmlation of the sea.,onal cycle of the tropical
Pacific Ocean . .l. PhY8. OceanogT., 17, 1986-2002.
Ramage, C.S., 1984. Can shipboard mcasurcmcnts rcveal changcs in a tropical air-sea heat flux? .l.
Climat(' a:nd Appl. Mde07·., 23, 187-193.
Ramage, C.S.,1987. Secular change in rcported surfacc wind speeds over thc ocean . .T. Cli",,,,,,te and Appl.
Metmr., 26, 525-528.
Reiter, E.R., 1978a. The interannual variahility of the ocean-atmosphere system . .T. Atmo8. Sci., 35,
347-370.
Reiter, E.R., 1978b. Long term willli variahility in thc tropical Pacific, its possiblcs causes and effects.
Mon. Wen.. Rev., 106, 324-330.
Reverdiu. G., Delecluse, P., Lcvy. C., Andrich, P., Morlierc, A, and Verstraete . .i.M., 1991. The near
surface tropical Atlantic in 1982-1984. Results from a umllerical simulation and a data analysis.
Prog. Oceanog'·., 27, 273-340.
Sadoumy, R., 1975. The dynamies of finitc-diffcrcnce models of the shallow water equations . .T. Atmo8.
Sci., bf 32, 680-689.
Stockdale, T.; Anderson, D.; Davcy, M.; Deledusc, P.; Kattenberg, A.; Kitamura, Y.; Latif, M. and
Yamagata, T., 1993. Inten:omparison of Tropical Occan GCMs. TOGA Numerical Experiment
Group. WCRP-79, WMO/TD-No. 545.
Syu, H., Neelin, D. and Weibel, W., 1993. Tropieal oeean-atmospherc interaction in a hybrid coupled
GMC: seasonal cyeJe and interannual oscillations. Extended Abstract Volume, Fourth Symposium
on Global Change Studies, Jan. 18-21, Anaheim, CA. Published by the Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston,
MA.
Terray, L.; Thual, 0.; Belamari, S.; Dequc, M.; Dandin, P.; Delccluse, P. and Levy, C., 1994. Climatology
and interannual variability simulated by thc ARPEGE/OPA coupled model. Submitted to Climate
Dynamics.
Trenberth, K.E., Olson, .J.G. and Large, W.G., 1989. A Global Ocean Wind Stress Climatology based
on ECMWF Analyses. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-.9H8+STR, 93 pp.
Unesco, 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamcntal property of sea watcr. Unesco tcdlllical Paper
in Marine Science, 44, 53 pp.
U. S. Navy Hydrographic Officc, 1956. Marinc Climatie Atlas of thc World, vol. II. NAVAER 50-1C-529,
18 pp. + 275 charts.
Latif, M. and Villwock, A., 1990. Interannual variahility in thc Tropical Pacific as simulated in coupled
ocean-atmosphcrc models . .T. Ma:r. Syst., 1, 51-60.
Large, W.G. and Pond, S., 1982. Scnsihle and latent heat flux mcasuremcnts over the ocean . .l. Phys.
Oceano.Q7·., 12, 464-482.
Levitus, S., 1982. Climatological atlas of the world ocean. NOAA professional papf'I", hf 13, 173 pp.
Marti, 0.; Madec, G. and Delecluse, P .. 1991. Comment on: "Net diffusivity in occan gcneral eirculation
models with nonuniform grids". Acceptcd in .T. Cmphys. R('s.
Neelin, .J.D., 1988. A simple model for surfacc stress and low-level flow in the tropical atmosphere driven
by prescribed heating. QUaiL .l. Roy. Mr.!. Soc., 114, 747-770.
Neelin, J.D., 1989. Intcrannual oscillations in an ocean gencral eirculation model coupled to a simple
atmosphere model. Phil. l'mns. Roy. Soc. London, 329A, 189-205.
Neelin, .J.D., 1990. A hybrid coupled gencral eirculation modcl for El Nino studics . .T. Atmos. Sci., 47,
674-693.
Neelin, J.D.; Latif, M.; Allaart, M.A.F.; Cane, M.A.; Cubasch, U.; Gates, W.L.; Gent. P.R.; Ghil, M.;
Gordon, C.; Lau, N.C.; Mechoso, C.R.; Meehl, G.A.; Oherlmber, .J.M.; Philander, S.G.H.; Schopf,
P.S.; Sperber, K.R.; Sterl, A.; Tokioka, T.; Tribhia, .J. and Zebiak, S.E., 1992. Tropical air-sea
interaction in general circulation models. Climate Dyn., 7, 73-104.
Oberhuber, .J.M., 1988. An atlas bascd on the COADS data set: the budgets of heat, buoyancy and
turbulent kinetic cnergy at the surfacc of the global ocean. MPI T('ch. Rep., 15, 20 pp.
Opsteegh, J.D. and Mureau, R., 1984. Dcscription of a 15-layer stcady statc atmosphere model. Tech.
Rep. SR84-1.9, Univ. Mariland, Dep. Meteorology. College Park.
Paulson, C.A. and Simpson, .1..J., 1977. Irradiance measurcments in the upper ocean . .T. PhY8. Ocea1/,og1'.,
Of 7, 952-956.
Posmentier, E.S.; Canc, M.A. and Zchiak, S.E .. 1989. Tropical Pacific climate trends sincc 1960. .l.
Climate, 2, 731-736.
Philander, S.G.H., Hurlin, W . .J. and Sicgel A.D., 1987. Sillmlation of the sea.,onal cycle of the tropical
Pacific Ocean . .l. PhY8. OceanogT., 17, 1986-2002.
Ramage, C.S., 1984. Can shipboard mcasurcmcnts rcveal changcs in a tropical air-sea heat flux? .l.
Climat(' a:nd Appl. Mde07·., 23, 187-193.
Ramage, C.S.,1987. Secular change in rcported surfacc wind speeds over thc ocean . .T. Cli",,,,,,te and Appl.
Metmr., 26, 525-528.
Reiter, E.R., 1978a. The interannual variahility of the ocean-atmosphere system . .T. Atmo8. Sci., 35,
347-370.
Reiter, E.R., 1978b. Long term willli variahility in thc tropical Pacific, its possiblcs causes and effects.
Mon. Wen.. Rev., 106, 324-330.
Reverdiu. G., Delecluse, P., Lcvy. C., Andrich, P., Morlierc, A, and Verstraete . .i.M., 1991. The near
surface tropical Atlantic in 1982-1984. Results from a umllerical simulation and a data analysis.
Prog. Oceanog'·., 27, 273-340.
Sadoumy, R., 1975. The dynamies of finitc-diffcrcnce models of the shallow water equations . .T. Atmo8.
Sci., bf 32, 680-689.
Stockdale, T.; Anderson, D.; Davcy, M.; Deledusc, P.; Kattenberg, A.; Kitamura, Y.; Latif, M. and
Yamagata, T., 1993. Inten:omparison of Tropical Occan GCMs. TOGA Numerical Experiment
Group. WCRP-79, WMO/TD-No. 545.
Syu, H., Neelin, D. and Weibel, W., 1993. Tropieal oeean-atmospherc interaction in a hybrid coupled
GMC: seasonal cyeJe and interannual oscillations. Extended Abstract Volume, Fourth Symposium
on Global Change Studies, Jan. 18-21, Anaheim, CA. Published by the Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston,
MA.
Terray, L.; Thual, 0.; Belamari, S.; Dequc, M.; Dandin, P.; Delccluse, P. and Levy, C., 1994. Climatology
and interannual variability simulated by thc ARPEGE/OPA coupled model. Submitted to Climate
Dynamics.
Trenberth, K.E., Olson, .J.G. and Large, W.G., 1989. A Global Ocean Wind Stress Climatology based
on ECMWF Analyses. NCAR Tech. Note NCAR/TN-.9H8+STR, 93 pp.
Unesco, 1983. Algorithms for computation of fundamcntal property of sea watcr. Unesco tcdlllical Paper
in Marine Science, 44, 53 pp.
U. S. Navy Hydrographic Officc, 1956. Marinc Climatie Atlas of thc World, vol. II. NAVAER 50-1C-529,
18 pp. + 275 charts.