While amino acid sequences had previously been analyzed for the a-globins and
b-globins in carp, goldfish, and rainbow trout, among other species, Takeshita et al.
succeeded in 1984 in extracting mRNA from carp blood and using reverse transcriptase to create a cDNA library and detect a-globins cDNA among the clones.
This led to further research into carp globin genes, which found that a-globin and
b-globin genes were composed of three exon sections and two intron sections. The
upper 5′ region of the globin gene for all a-globins and b-globins was also count to
include a -100 region, ATA box, and CCAAT box, along with a promoter region of
gene DNA, which is essential for RNA polymerase to attach and initiate transcription. The lower 3′ region was found to include a poly(A) addition signal (Chen
et al. 1997).
Cloning was performed for eight a-globin genes and nine b-globin genes with
different base sequences in the same carp. The total length of the three open reading
frames (ORFs) coding for amino acids was found to be 429 base pairs (bp) for
a-globin and 441 (441) base pairs (bp) for b-globin (Tables 3.5 and 3.6).
Table 3.5 Number of a-globin genes from the same carp (Aoki and Miyata 1997)
ORF1
a
IVS1
b
ORF2
IVS2
ORF3
ORF 길이
No. 1 a
95 bp
428 bp
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 2 a
95 bp
96 bp
208 bp
112 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 3 a
95 bp
152 bp
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 4 a
95 bp
183 bp
208 bp
107 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 5 a
95 bp
159 bp
208 bp
385 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 6 a
95 bp
172 bp
208 bp
99 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 7 a
95 bp
152 bp
208 bp
92 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 8 a
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
a Open reading frame
b
Intervening sequence
Table 3.6 Number of b-globin genes from the same carp (Aoki and Miyata 1997)
ORF1
a
IVS1
b
ORF2
IVS2
ORF3
ORF 길이
No. 1 b
92 bp
102 bp
223 bp
120 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 2 b
92 bp
133 bp
223 bp
109 bp
126 bp
441 bp
No. 3 b
92 bp
101 bp
223 bp
112 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 4 b
92 bp
106 bp
223 bp
122 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 5 b
92 bp
98 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 6 b
92 bp
101 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 7 b
92 bp
100 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 8 b
92 bp
154 bp
223 bp
114 bp
129 bp
441 bp
No. 9 b
92 bp
94 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
a Open reading frame
b
Intervening sequence
3.5 Fish Gene Structures
67
b-globins in carp, goldfish, and rainbow trout, among other species, Takeshita et al.
succeeded in 1984 in extracting mRNA from carp blood and using reverse transcriptase to create a cDNA library and detect a-globins cDNA among the clones.
This led to further research into carp globin genes, which found that a-globin and
b-globin genes were composed of three exon sections and two intron sections. The
upper 5′ region of the globin gene for all a-globins and b-globins was also count to
include a -100 region, ATA box, and CCAAT box, along with a promoter region of
gene DNA, which is essential for RNA polymerase to attach and initiate transcription. The lower 3′ region was found to include a poly(A) addition signal (Chen
et al. 1997).
Cloning was performed for eight a-globin genes and nine b-globin genes with
different base sequences in the same carp. The total length of the three open reading
frames (ORFs) coding for amino acids was found to be 429 base pairs (bp) for
a-globin and 441 (441) base pairs (bp) for b-globin (Tables 3.5 and 3.6).
Table 3.5 Number of a-globin genes from the same carp (Aoki and Miyata 1997)
ORF1
a
IVS1
b
ORF2
IVS2
ORF3
ORF 길이
No. 1 a
95 bp
428 bp
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 2 a
95 bp
96 bp
208 bp
112 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 3 a
95 bp
152 bp
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 4 a
95 bp
183 bp
208 bp
107 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 5 a
95 bp
159 bp
208 bp
385 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 6 a
95 bp
172 bp
208 bp
99 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 7 a
95 bp
152 bp
208 bp
92 bp
126 bp
429 bp
No. 8 a
208 bp
96 bp
126 bp
a Open reading frame
b
Intervening sequence
Table 3.6 Number of b-globin genes from the same carp (Aoki and Miyata 1997)
ORF1
a
IVS1
b
ORF2
IVS2
ORF3
ORF 길이
No. 1 b
92 bp
102 bp
223 bp
120 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 2 b
92 bp
133 bp
223 bp
109 bp
126 bp
441 bp
No. 3 b
92 bp
101 bp
223 bp
112 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 4 b
92 bp
106 bp
223 bp
122 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 5 b
92 bp
98 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 6 b
92 bp
101 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 7 b
92 bp
100 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
No. 8 b
92 bp
154 bp
223 bp
114 bp
129 bp
441 bp
No. 9 b
92 bp
94 bp
223 bp
121 bp
129 bp
444 bp
a Open reading frame
b
Intervening sequence
3.5 Fish Gene Structures
67