Antigen Any substance capable of binding specifically to an antibody or a T-cell
receptor. An antigen may be unable to induce a specific immune response when
administered on its own, but will do so if attached to a suitable carrier
Apical growth Growth that occurs by the division of one or more cells located at
the tip (apex) of a multicellular body. Apicomplexans, and dinoflagellates,
characterized by membrane sacs known as alveoli at the cell periphery.
Apicoplast A non-photosynthetic plastid occurring in the cells of most genera of
apicomplexans, a group of parasitic protists that are classified in the Alveolata.
Aplonospore A nonflagellate spore that has the genetic potential to produce
flagella under appropriate conditions; produced by subdivision of a parental cell.
Apogamy Form of parthenogenesis in which sporophytes are formed directly
outside of egg cells in higher plants without fertilization.
Apolipoprotein Protein component of a lipoprotein especially of the lipoproteins
that transport lipids in the blood. Apolipoprotein genes are diverse, resulting in
differences in blood lipid levels. Genetic problems are known to result in
congenital lipid metabolism irregularities.
Apospory A type of apomixis in which a diploid gamete is produced from the
sporophyte without spore formation.
Apospory Form of parthenogenesis in the broad sense; observed in plants.
Aromatic compounds Organic compounds with a benzene ring in their molecule
(benzene derivatives).
Asphaltene High-molecular weight substance in the non-melting component of
asphalt petroleum ether that dissolves in the presence of benzene or carbon
disulfide.
Association Phenomenon in which two or more of the same kind of molecule form
two or more bonds due to intramolecular forces, creating a loose, regular
aggregate.
Astaxanthin A red carotenoid pigment (3,3’-diketo-4,4’-dihydroxy-b-carotene)
produced by some green algae that is commercially useful; also known as
haematochrome.
Attaching repellent compounds Substances that deter sessile marine organisms
from attaching to coral reefs, artificial structures, boat hulls, and fishing nets.
Aureochrome A blue-light photoreceptor present in diverse photosynthetic
stramenopiles.
Autocolony A type of asexual reproductive colony that is a miniature of the adult
colony; produced by single cells of the adult.
Glossary
421
receptor. An antigen may be unable to induce a specific immune response when
administered on its own, but will do so if attached to a suitable carrier
Apical growth Growth that occurs by the division of one or more cells located at
the tip (apex) of a multicellular body. Apicomplexans, and dinoflagellates,
characterized by membrane sacs known as alveoli at the cell periphery.
Apicoplast A non-photosynthetic plastid occurring in the cells of most genera of
apicomplexans, a group of parasitic protists that are classified in the Alveolata.
Aplonospore A nonflagellate spore that has the genetic potential to produce
flagella under appropriate conditions; produced by subdivision of a parental cell.
Apogamy Form of parthenogenesis in which sporophytes are formed directly
outside of egg cells in higher plants without fertilization.
Apolipoprotein Protein component of a lipoprotein especially of the lipoproteins
that transport lipids in the blood. Apolipoprotein genes are diverse, resulting in
differences in blood lipid levels. Genetic problems are known to result in
congenital lipid metabolism irregularities.
Apospory A type of apomixis in which a diploid gamete is produced from the
sporophyte without spore formation.
Apospory Form of parthenogenesis in the broad sense; observed in plants.
Aromatic compounds Organic compounds with a benzene ring in their molecule
(benzene derivatives).
Asphaltene High-molecular weight substance in the non-melting component of
asphalt petroleum ether that dissolves in the presence of benzene or carbon
disulfide.
Association Phenomenon in which two or more of the same kind of molecule form
two or more bonds due to intramolecular forces, creating a loose, regular
aggregate.
Astaxanthin A red carotenoid pigment (3,3’-diketo-4,4’-dihydroxy-b-carotene)
produced by some green algae that is commercially useful; also known as
haematochrome.
Attaching repellent compounds Substances that deter sessile marine organisms
from attaching to coral reefs, artificial structures, boat hulls, and fishing nets.
Aureochrome A blue-light photoreceptor present in diverse photosynthetic
stramenopiles.
Autocolony A type of asexual reproductive colony that is a miniature of the adult
colony; produced by single cells of the adult.
Glossary
421