Adenine arabinoside (Ara A, Vidarabine), a nucleoside isolated from the
Mediterranean marine sponge Eunicella cavolini, has been used in antiviral medication due to its strong germicidal properties against viruses with DNA. Eudistomin from the colonial sea squirt Eudistoma olivaceum has been shown to have
germicidal effects in addition to its antiviral properties against the herpes simplex
virus HSV-1 (Fig. 8.2). Ptilomycalin A from the Caribbean sponge Ptilocaulis
spiculifer and the Red Sea sponge Hemimycale sp. is effective in stopping HSV
growth and has anticancer and antifungal effects (Fig. 8.3). Patellazole B from the
sea squirt Lissoclinum patella (Fig. 8.4) has shown powerful antiviral effects
against HSV, while glycolipids from the blue-green algae Lyngbya lagerheimii and
Phornidium tenue has been reported to suppress growth in HIV-1.
Sulfated polysaccharides from algae, including fucoidan metabolites from the
brown alga Laminaria japonica, are known to impede various viruses, including
HSV and HIV (Vo et al. 2012).
Fig. 8.1 Substances isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Dysidea sp.
Fig. 8.2 Substances isolated from sponges
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233
Mediterranean marine sponge Eunicella cavolini, has been used in antiviral medication due to its strong germicidal properties against viruses with DNA. Eudistomin from the colonial sea squirt Eudistoma olivaceum has been shown to have
germicidal effects in addition to its antiviral properties against the herpes simplex
virus HSV-1 (Fig. 8.2). Ptilomycalin A from the Caribbean sponge Ptilocaulis
spiculifer and the Red Sea sponge Hemimycale sp. is effective in stopping HSV
growth and has anticancer and antifungal effects (Fig. 8.3). Patellazole B from the
sea squirt Lissoclinum patella (Fig. 8.4) has shown powerful antiviral effects
against HSV, while glycolipids from the blue-green algae Lyngbya lagerheimii and
Phornidium tenue has been reported to suppress growth in HIV-1.
Sulfated polysaccharides from algae, including fucoidan metabolites from the
brown alga Laminaria japonica, are known to impede various viruses, including
HSV and HIV (Vo et al. 2012).
Fig. 8.1 Substances isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Dysidea sp.
Fig. 8.2 Substances isolated from sponges
8.2 Pharmaceutical Materials
233