Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society
244
SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY
The first goal is to continuously image the three-dimensional distribution of two critical inner magnetospheric plasmas. Using ENA imaging, the ring current and near-Earth plasma sheet are captured with
sufficient temporal and spatial resolution (1 minute, 0.5 R E ) to retrieve the electrical current system that
distorts the magnetic field and that connects through the ionosphere producing the electric field. EUV
imaging at 30.4 nm captures the plasmasphere with sufficient temporal/spatial resolution (1 minute, 0.05
R E ) to retrieve cross-scale density structures and the global-to-local electric fields that drive the formation
and evolution of these structures. State-of-the-art stereo imaging of the optically thin ENA and EUV signals
enables determination of the three-dimensional structure of pressure, pitch angle, and density, revealing
FIGURE 9.11 Examples of pathfinder observations for key MEDICI measurements. (Right) Multispectral, stereo, global imaging of hot and cold plasmas and auroral precipitation from IMAGE will be combined with (left) in situ observations of critical
near-Earth plasmas and fields from the FAST satellite [Carlson et al., 1998] to understand the multiscale processes at work.
SOURCE: Left: Adapted from C.W. Carlson, J. P. McFadden, R. E. Ergun, M. Temerin, W. Peria, F. S. Mozer, D. M. Klumpar, E. G. Shelley,
W. K. Peterson, E. Moebius, R. Elphic, et al., FAST observations in the downward auroral current region: Energetic upgoing electron beams, parallel potential drops, and ion heating, Geophysical Research Letters 25(12):2017-2020, doi:10.1029/98GL00851,
1998. Copyright 1998 American Geophysical Union. Reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union. Right:
Courtesy of D. Mitchell, Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory.
16 July 2000
01:20 UT
18
12
06
00
Ring Current
60-81 keV H
Aurora
electrons
& protons
15 July 2000
14:39 UT
24 May 2000
07:02 UT
Earth
Sun
Plasmasphere
He+, 30.4 nm
Remote Sensing
EUV
ENA
FUV
MEDICI Key Measurement Products:
In Situ
18 January 1997
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
Magnetic Field
nT
Downward Electrons
log energy (keV)
Electrons > 14 keV
pitch angle
Upward Electrons
log energy (keV)
Electron Flux
log 1/(cm2-s)
Energy Flux
ergs/(cm2-s)
Ions
energy (keV)
Ions
pitch angle
Parallel Field
(V/m)
ELF/VLF Field
(kHz)
200
0
-200
4
2
180
90
0
4
2
10
9
8
7
100
10
1
0.1
4
2
180
90
0
1
0
-1
16
1
.06
10
7
7
4
-1
-9
Log flux
eV/cm2-s-sr-eV
Log flux
eV/cm2-s-sr-eV
Log (V/m)2/Hz
Figure 9-11
Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society
244
SOLAR AND SPACE PHYSICS: A SCIENCE FOR A TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY
The first goal is to continuously image the three-dimensional distribution of two critical inner magnetospheric plasmas. Using ENA imaging, the ring current and near-Earth plasma sheet are captured with
sufficient temporal and spatial resolution (1 minute, 0.5 R E ) to retrieve the electrical current system that
distorts the magnetic field and that connects through the ionosphere producing the electric field. EUV
imaging at 30.4 nm captures the plasmasphere with sufficient temporal/spatial resolution (1 minute, 0.05
R E ) to retrieve cross-scale density structures and the global-to-local electric fields that drive the formation
and evolution of these structures. State-of-the-art stereo imaging of the optically thin ENA and EUV signals
enables determination of the three-dimensional structure of pressure, pitch angle, and density, revealing
FIGURE 9.11 Examples of pathfinder observations for key MEDICI measurements. (Right) Multispectral, stereo, global imaging of hot and cold plasmas and auroral precipitation from IMAGE will be combined with (left) in situ observations of critical
near-Earth plasmas and fields from the FAST satellite [Carlson et al., 1998] to understand the multiscale processes at work.
SOURCE: Left: Adapted from C.W. Carlson, J. P. McFadden, R. E. Ergun, M. Temerin, W. Peria, F. S. Mozer, D. M. Klumpar, E. G. Shelley,
W. K. Peterson, E. Moebius, R. Elphic, et al., FAST observations in the downward auroral current region: Energetic upgoing electron beams, parallel potential drops, and ion heating, Geophysical Research Letters 25(12):2017-2020, doi:10.1029/98GL00851,
1998. Copyright 1998 American Geophysical Union. Reproduced by permission of American Geophysical Union. Right:
Courtesy of D. Mitchell, Johns Hopkins University, Applied Physics Laboratory.
16 July 2000
01:20 UT
18
12
06
00
Ring Current
60-81 keV H
Aurora
electrons
& protons
15 July 2000
14:39 UT
24 May 2000
07:02 UT
Earth
Sun
Plasmasphere
He+, 30.4 nm
Remote Sensing
EUV
ENA
FUV
MEDICI Key Measurement Products:
In Situ
18 January 1997
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
Magnetic Field
nT
Downward Electrons
log energy (keV)
Electrons > 14 keV
pitch angle
Upward Electrons
log energy (keV)
Electron Flux
log 1/(cm2-s)
Energy Flux
ergs/(cm2-s)
Ions
energy (keV)
Ions
pitch angle
Parallel Field
(V/m)
ELF/VLF Field
(kHz)
200
0
-200
4
2
180
90
0
4
2
10
9
8
7
100
10
1
0.1
4
2
180
90
0
1
0
-1
16
1
.06
10
7
7
4
-1
-9
Log flux
eV/cm2-s-sr-eV
Log flux
eV/cm2-s-sr-eV
Log (V/m)2/Hz
Figure 9-11