Hess, G. R. 1993. Conservation corridors and contagious disease: a cautionary note. Conservation Biology 8: 256–262.
Holt, R. D., S. W. Pacala, T. W. Smith, and J. Liu. 1995. Linking contemporary vegetation
models with spatially explicit animal population models. Ecological Applications 5:
20–27.
Hunter, M. L., Jr. 1996. Fundamentals of conservation biology. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.
Joopouborg, N. and J. M. Van Groenendael. 1996. Demography, genetics, or statistics:
Comments on a paper by Heschel and Paige. Conservation Biology 10: 1290–1291.
Keller, L. F., P. Arcese, J. N. M. Smith, W. M. Hochachka, and S. C. Stearns. 1994. Selection against inbred song sparrows during a natural population bottleneck. Nature 372:
356–357.
Koenig, W. D., R. L. Mumme, W. J. Carmen, and M. T. Stanback. 1994. Acorn production by oaks in central California: Variation within and among years. Ecology 75:
99–109.
Krausman, P. R., R. C. Etchberger, and R. M. Lee. 1993. Persistence of mountain sheep.
Conservation Biology 7: 219.
Lande, R. 1988. Genetics and demography in biological conservation. Science 241:
1455–1460.
Lande, R. 1993. Risks of population extinction from demographic and environmental stochasticity and random catastrophes. American Naturalist 142: 911–927.
Lande, R. 1995. Mutation and conservation. Conservation Biology 9: 782–791.
Lefkovitch, L. P. 1965. The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages.
Biometrics 21: 1–18.
Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika
33: 183–212.
Leslie, P. H. 1948. Some further notes on the use of matrices in population mathematics.
Biometrika 35: 213–245.
Lomnicki, A. 1988. Population ecology of individuals. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University
Press.
Ludwig, D. 1996a. Uncertainty and the assessment of extinction probabilities. Ecological
Applications 6: 1067–1076.
Ludwig, D. 1996b. The distribution of population survival times. American Naturalist 147:
506–526.
Mace, G. M. and R. Lande. 1991. Assessing extinction threats: Toward a reevaluation of
IUCN threatened species categories. Conservation Biology 5: 148–157.
Mangel, M. and C. Tier. 1994. Four facts every conservation biologist should know about
persistence. Ecology 75: 607–614.
Manly, B. F. J. 1990. Stage-structured population sampling, analysis and simulation. London:
Chapman & Hall.
May, R. M. 1976. Models for single populations. In R. M. May, ed., Theoretical ecology:
Principles and applications, 4–25. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Scientific.
May, R. M. and G. F. Oster. 1976. Bifurcations and dynamic complexity in simple ecological models. American Naturalist 110: 573–599.
Population Viability Analysis
329
Holt, R. D., S. W. Pacala, T. W. Smith, and J. Liu. 1995. Linking contemporary vegetation
models with spatially explicit animal population models. Ecological Applications 5:
20–27.
Hunter, M. L., Jr. 1996. Fundamentals of conservation biology. Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell.
Joopouborg, N. and J. M. Van Groenendael. 1996. Demography, genetics, or statistics:
Comments on a paper by Heschel and Paige. Conservation Biology 10: 1290–1291.
Keller, L. F., P. Arcese, J. N. M. Smith, W. M. Hochachka, and S. C. Stearns. 1994. Selection against inbred song sparrows during a natural population bottleneck. Nature 372:
356–357.
Koenig, W. D., R. L. Mumme, W. J. Carmen, and M. T. Stanback. 1994. Acorn production by oaks in central California: Variation within and among years. Ecology 75:
99–109.
Krausman, P. R., R. C. Etchberger, and R. M. Lee. 1993. Persistence of mountain sheep.
Conservation Biology 7: 219.
Lande, R. 1988. Genetics and demography in biological conservation. Science 241:
1455–1460.
Lande, R. 1993. Risks of population extinction from demographic and environmental stochasticity and random catastrophes. American Naturalist 142: 911–927.
Lande, R. 1995. Mutation and conservation. Conservation Biology 9: 782–791.
Lefkovitch, L. P. 1965. The study of population growth in organisms grouped by stages.
Biometrics 21: 1–18.
Leslie, P. H. 1945. On the use of matrices in certain population mathematics. Biometrika
33: 183–212.
Leslie, P. H. 1948. Some further notes on the use of matrices in population mathematics.
Biometrika 35: 213–245.
Lomnicki, A. 1988. Population ecology of individuals. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University
Press.
Ludwig, D. 1996a. Uncertainty and the assessment of extinction probabilities. Ecological
Applications 6: 1067–1076.
Ludwig, D. 1996b. The distribution of population survival times. American Naturalist 147:
506–526.
Mace, G. M. and R. Lande. 1991. Assessing extinction threats: Toward a reevaluation of
IUCN threatened species categories. Conservation Biology 5: 148–157.
Mangel, M. and C. Tier. 1994. Four facts every conservation biologist should know about
persistence. Ecology 75: 607–614.
Manly, B. F. J. 1990. Stage-structured population sampling, analysis and simulation. London:
Chapman & Hall.
May, R. M. 1976. Models for single populations. In R. M. May, ed., Theoretical ecology:
Principles and applications, 4–25. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Scientific.
May, R. M. and G. F. Oster. 1976. Bifurcations and dynamic complexity in simple ecological models. American Naturalist 110: 573–599.
Population Viability Analysis
329