8.3 From National Mechanisms to Regional Policies:
Agricultural Needs and the Effects on Drought . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
8.3.1
National Policies and Mechanisms Related
to Drought Adaptation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
8.3.2
Development of the Regional Irrigation Policy
in the Eastern Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
8.4 Too Wet and Too Dry: The Double Needs of the Salland
Water System and Measures to Address This . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
8.4.1
Water System of the Salland Region . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
8.4.2
Pilot Measures Implemented Within
the DROP Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
8.5 Governance Assessment: After Acknowledgement
of Drought Comes Integration of Drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
8.5.1
Extent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
8.5.2
Coherence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
8.5.3
Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
8.5.4
Intensity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
8.5.5
Overview of the Assessment Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
8.6 Conclusions and Recommendations for Salland:
Seeking More Horizontal Integration and Awareness . . . . . . . . 176
8.6.1
Influence of the Governance Context on Actor
Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
8.6.2
Develop an Integrated Understanding
and Approach to Managing Drought . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
8.6.3
Raise Farmers’ Drought Awareness Towards
Creating Ownership and Drought-Sensitive
Water Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
8.6.4
Enable the Active Involvement
of Non-governmental Organizations Towards
Creating Shared Responsibilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
9
The Fragmentation-Coherence Paradox in Twente . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Hans Bressers, Koen Bleumink, Nanny Bressers,
Alison Browne, Corinne Larrue, Susan Lijzenga,
Maia Lordkipanidze, Gül Özerol and Ulf Stein
9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
9.2 Dutch Drought Policy and the Needs of the “High
and Sandy” Eastern Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
9.3 Dry Creeks and Measures Taken in the Twente Region . . . . . . 185
9.3.1
Twente’s Drought and Water Scarcity Situation . . . . . 185
9.3.2
Implementation and Research Projects and Farm
Water Management Plans Under DROP. . . . . . . . . . . 186
xiv
Contents