Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and since the 1950s, many of the
observed changes are unprecedented over decades to millennia. The atmosphere
and ocean have warmed, the amounts of snow and ice have diminished, sea level
has risen, and the concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased.
B.C.8000
0
1000
500
2000
Industrial
revolution
Plague
epidemic
Begin of agriculture
and cattle breeding
Fig. 23.1 Explosion of world population
7.5
7.0
4.7
4.6
4.0
3.9
3.7
3.2
2.7
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.2
0.6
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Canada
US
Korea
Russia France Germany Japan UK
Italy Average China Mexico Brazil India
consumption (Tons of Oil Equivalent)
IEA Energy Balances of OECD /NON-OECD Countries 2011
Energy Consumption per Person 2009
China
20%
India
17%
US
4%
Brazil
3%
Russia
2%
Japan
2%
Mexico
2%
Germany
1%
France
1%
UK
1%
others
47%
world population
China
19%
US
18%
India
5%
Russia
5%
Japan
4%
Ger
3%
France
2%
Canada
2%
Brazil2%
Korea
2%
UK
2%
Mexico
1%
Itary
1%
others
34%
World Primary Energy Consumption
Fig. 23.2 Regional population and energy consumption per person
23 Expectation for Nuclear Transmutation
273