selective weed control (or winter burning) may be necessary (Nagy et al. 2008).
Spring inundation may last only for a short period (national park rangers I. Bı ´ro ´ and
I. To ´th ex verb.). Erosion by overgrazing may lead to the generation of shoulders
(a special landscape form), being another habitat type. Probable effects of climate
change, such as excess rainfall or some months of longer spring inundation may
reduce salt characteristics, and thus, degrade the habitat. This can be avoided by
temporal overgrazing and trampling, which increase open soil surfaces and transpiration. Hotter and less rainy summers strengthen habitat condition. Other aspects
to consider are the need to protect against farmers ploughing into these protected
habitats from adjacent arable lands by creating hedges of shrubs. Eleagnus
angustifolia may thrive on upper areas, providing shade for livestock and nesting
places for raptor birds; however, it may invade the pasture. Normally there are
neither invasive species nor scrub encroachment. Another conservation aim is to
protect Aster tripolium that thrives on the saltiest parts and needs grazing and
tolerates trampling. Aster sedifolius occurs on less sodic parts and benefits from
mowing or grazing by horse or cattle. Plantago schwarzenbergiana and Orchis
morio thriving on this habitat type also tolerate sheep grazing. Spermophilus
citellus needs constantly low grass, which can be attained through grazing or
mowing. It is important to control grazing during nesting period of birds.
Fig. 13.2 Geographical situation and species composition of three habitat types (Artemisia salt
steppes and shoulders, Annual salt pioneer swards and Puccinellia swards) belonging the Pannonic
salt steppes and salt marshes (HD code 1530) habitat category. 1 Limonium gmelini subsp.
hungaricum, 2 Achillea spp., 3 Artemisia santonicum, 4 Matricaria recutita, 5 Spergularia
maritima, 6 Crypsis spp., 7 Puccinellia spp., 8 Plantago maritima, 9 Plantago schwarzenbergiana,
10 Sedum caespitosum, 11 Lepidium cartilagineum, 12 Camphorosma annua
202
A ´ . Malatinszky et al.
Spring inundation may last only for a short period (national park rangers I. Bı ´ro ´ and
I. To ´th ex verb.). Erosion by overgrazing may lead to the generation of shoulders
(a special landscape form), being another habitat type. Probable effects of climate
change, such as excess rainfall or some months of longer spring inundation may
reduce salt characteristics, and thus, degrade the habitat. This can be avoided by
temporal overgrazing and trampling, which increase open soil surfaces and transpiration. Hotter and less rainy summers strengthen habitat condition. Other aspects
to consider are the need to protect against farmers ploughing into these protected
habitats from adjacent arable lands by creating hedges of shrubs. Eleagnus
angustifolia may thrive on upper areas, providing shade for livestock and nesting
places for raptor birds; however, it may invade the pasture. Normally there are
neither invasive species nor scrub encroachment. Another conservation aim is to
protect Aster tripolium that thrives on the saltiest parts and needs grazing and
tolerates trampling. Aster sedifolius occurs on less sodic parts and benefits from
mowing or grazing by horse or cattle. Plantago schwarzenbergiana and Orchis
morio thriving on this habitat type also tolerate sheep grazing. Spermophilus
citellus needs constantly low grass, which can be attained through grazing or
mowing. It is important to control grazing during nesting period of birds.
Fig. 13.2 Geographical situation and species composition of three habitat types (Artemisia salt
steppes and shoulders, Annual salt pioneer swards and Puccinellia swards) belonging the Pannonic
salt steppes and salt marshes (HD code 1530) habitat category. 1 Limonium gmelini subsp.
hungaricum, 2 Achillea spp., 3 Artemisia santonicum, 4 Matricaria recutita, 5 Spergularia
maritima, 6 Crypsis spp., 7 Puccinellia spp., 8 Plantago maritima, 9 Plantago schwarzenbergiana,
10 Sedum caespitosum, 11 Lepidium cartilagineum, 12 Camphorosma annua
202
A ´ . Malatinszky et al.