324
in the analysis of the complex Raman data of biological samples, including single
cells.
Carotenoids were investigated in various types of cells, starting from unicellular
organisms, single cells of higher plants and animals, to the individual human cells
in the tissue environment. As described in the above examples, Raman spectroscopy
can be used both for qualitative and quantitative analysis and, in the form of Raman
imaging, is a particularly suitable method for studying distribution of carotenoids
in single cells in situ and in vivo. In the case of unicellular organisms, carotenoids
producers de novo, the impact of environmental conditions on the carotenoid distribution and structure has been also studied. Such studies are of high importance
from the point of view of optimizing of the conditions of carotenoids production by
unicellular organisms in the biofarms.
higher organisms, including human beings supply carotenoids from the diet.
With the help of Raman spectroscopy, it was demonstrated that the concentration of
carotenoids in single cells of higher organism is changeable and depends on many
factors. It was also demonstrated that in some cases the carotenoid concentration
may be regarded as a biomarker of the organism disease state. this findings open
the possibility to replace the conventional diagnostic methods by Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging in the future.
References
1. Koyama Y (1995) Resonance Raman spectroscopy. In: Britton g (ed) Carotenoids volume
1B: Spectroscopy, Birkhäuser verlag Ag, Basel, p 135–146
2. Ermakov Iv, Sharifzadeh m, Ermakova m et al (2005) Resonance Raman detection of carotenoid antioxidants in living human tissue. J Biomed opt 10:064028–064018
3. gellermann W, Bernstein PS (2004) Noninvasive detection of macular pigments in the human eye. J Biomed opt 9:75–85
4. Briviba K, Bornemann R, Lemmer u (2006) visualization of astaxanthin localization in
ht29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells by combined confocal resonance Raman and fluorescence microspectroscopy. mol Nutr Food Res 50:991–995
5. Shen A, Ye Y, Zhang J et al (2005) Screening of gastric carcinoma cells in the human malignant gastric mucosa by confocal Raman microspectroscopy. vib Spectrosc 37:225–231
6. Brozek-Pluska B, musial J, Kordek R et al (2012) Raman spectroscopy and imaging: applications in human breast cancer diagnosis. Analyst 137:3773
7. Ramoji A, Neugebauer u, Bocklitz t et al (2012) toward a spectroscopic hemogram: Raman
spectroscopic differentiation of the two most abundant leukocytes from peripheral blood.
Anal Chem 84:5335–5342
8. Pully v, Lenferink A, otto C (2011) time-lapse Raman imaging of single live lymphocytes.
J Raman Spectrosc 42:167–173
9. Puppels g, garritsen h, Kummer J et al (2005) Carotenoids located in human lymphocyte
subpopulations and natural killer cells by Raman microspectroscopy. Cytometry 14:251–256
10. Bakker Schut tC, Puppels gJ, Kraan Ym et al (1997) Intracellular carotenoid levels measured by Raman microspectroscopy: comparison of lymphocytes from lung cancer patients and
healthy individuals. Int J Canc Prev 74:20–25
11. majzner K, Kaczor A, Kachamakova-trojanowska N et al (2013) 3d confocal Raman imaging of endothelial cells and vascular wall: perspectives in analytical spectroscopy of biomedical research. Analyst 138:603–610
A. Kaczor and m. Pilarczyk
in the analysis of the complex Raman data of biological samples, including single
cells.
Carotenoids were investigated in various types of cells, starting from unicellular
organisms, single cells of higher plants and animals, to the individual human cells
in the tissue environment. As described in the above examples, Raman spectroscopy
can be used both for qualitative and quantitative analysis and, in the form of Raman
imaging, is a particularly suitable method for studying distribution of carotenoids
in single cells in situ and in vivo. In the case of unicellular organisms, carotenoids
producers de novo, the impact of environmental conditions on the carotenoid distribution and structure has been also studied. Such studies are of high importance
from the point of view of optimizing of the conditions of carotenoids production by
unicellular organisms in the biofarms.
higher organisms, including human beings supply carotenoids from the diet.
With the help of Raman spectroscopy, it was demonstrated that the concentration of
carotenoids in single cells of higher organism is changeable and depends on many
factors. It was also demonstrated that in some cases the carotenoid concentration
may be regarded as a biomarker of the organism disease state. this findings open
the possibility to replace the conventional diagnostic methods by Raman spectroscopy and Raman imaging in the future.
References
1. Koyama Y (1995) Resonance Raman spectroscopy. In: Britton g (ed) Carotenoids volume
1B: Spectroscopy, Birkhäuser verlag Ag, Basel, p 135–146
2. Ermakov Iv, Sharifzadeh m, Ermakova m et al (2005) Resonance Raman detection of carotenoid antioxidants in living human tissue. J Biomed opt 10:064028–064018
3. gellermann W, Bernstein PS (2004) Noninvasive detection of macular pigments in the human eye. J Biomed opt 9:75–85
4. Briviba K, Bornemann R, Lemmer u (2006) visualization of astaxanthin localization in
ht29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells by combined confocal resonance Raman and fluorescence microspectroscopy. mol Nutr Food Res 50:991–995
5. Shen A, Ye Y, Zhang J et al (2005) Screening of gastric carcinoma cells in the human malignant gastric mucosa by confocal Raman microspectroscopy. vib Spectrosc 37:225–231
6. Brozek-Pluska B, musial J, Kordek R et al (2012) Raman spectroscopy and imaging: applications in human breast cancer diagnosis. Analyst 137:3773
7. Ramoji A, Neugebauer u, Bocklitz t et al (2012) toward a spectroscopic hemogram: Raman
spectroscopic differentiation of the two most abundant leukocytes from peripheral blood.
Anal Chem 84:5335–5342
8. Pully v, Lenferink A, otto C (2011) time-lapse Raman imaging of single live lymphocytes.
J Raman Spectrosc 42:167–173
9. Puppels g, garritsen h, Kummer J et al (2005) Carotenoids located in human lymphocyte
subpopulations and natural killer cells by Raman microspectroscopy. Cytometry 14:251–256
10. Bakker Schut tC, Puppels gJ, Kraan Ym et al (1997) Intracellular carotenoid levels measured by Raman microspectroscopy: comparison of lymphocytes from lung cancer patients and
healthy individuals. Int J Canc Prev 74:20–25
11. majzner K, Kaczor A, Kachamakova-trojanowska N et al (2013) 3d confocal Raman imaging of endothelial cells and vascular wall: perspectives in analytical spectroscopy of biomedical research. Analyst 138:603–610
A. Kaczor and m. Pilarczyk