12 Plasmonics with a Twist: Taming Optical Tornadoes on the Nanoscale
457
integrated nanoscale tornadoes is in optical trapping of small particles (viruses, bacteria, etc.) and guiding them through on-chip nanoscale ’conveyor belts’ [114]. The
insights into the underlying physical mechanisms and analogies with the well-studied
hydrodynamic effects are expected to help in developing additional design rules for
complex plasmonic nanocircuitries. The hydrodynamics analogy also paves the road
to using well-developed methods of computational fluid dynamics to facilitate simulation and optimization of plasmonic VNTs.
Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Anton Desyatnikov from Australian National University and my colleagues at Boston University and MIT for useful discussions.
References
1. W.E. Moerner, New directions in single-molecule imaging and analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. 104, 12596 (2007)
2. S. Lal, S. Link, N.J. Halas, Nano-optics from sensing to waveguiding. Nat. Photonics 1,
641–648 (2007)
3. J.A. Schuller, E.S. Barnard, W. Cai, Y.C. Jun, J.S. White, M.L. Brongersma, Plasmonics for
extreme light concentration and manipulation. Nat. Mater. 9, 193–204 (2010)
4. M.I. Stockman, Nanoplasmonics: past, present, and glimpse into future. Opt. Express 19,
22029–22106 (2011)
5. H.A. Atwater, A. Polman, Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices. Nat. Mater. 9, 205–
213 (2010)
6. A.D. McFarland, R.P. Van Duyne, Single silver nanoparticles as real-time optical sensors with
zeptomole sensitivity. Nano Lett. 3, 1057–1062 (2003)
7. M.A. Santiago-Cordoba, S.V. Boriskina, F. Vollmer, M.C. Demirel, Nanoparticle-based protein detection by optical shift of a resonant microcavity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 073701 (2011)
8. S.I. Shopova, R. Rajmangal, S. Holler, S. Arnold, Plasmonic enhancement of a whisperinggallery-mode biosensor for single nanoparticle detection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 243104–
243103 (2011)
9. M. Moskovits, L.L. Tay, J. Yang, T. Haslett, SERS and the Single Molecule in Optical Properties of Nanostructured Random Media (Springer, Berlin, 2002), pp. 215–226
10. K.A. Willets, R.P. Van Duyne, Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing.
Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 58, 267–297 (2007)
11. F.J. Garcia-Vidal, J.B. Pendry, Collective theory for surface enhanced Raman scattering. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 77, 1163 (1996)
12. K. Kneipp, Y. Wang, H. Kneipp, L.T. Perelman, I. Itzkan, R.R. Dasari, M.S. Feld, Single
molecule detection using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Phys. Rev. Lett. 78,
1667 (1997)
13. B. Yan, S.V. Boriskina, B.M. Reinhard, Theory, fabrication, and applications of nanoparticle
cluster arrays in plasmon enhanced biosensing. J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 24437–24453 (2011)
14. R. Adato, A.A. Yanik, J.J. Amsden, D.L. Kaplan, F.G. Omenetto, M.K. Hong, S. Erramilli, H.
Altug, Ultra-sensitive vibrational spectroscopy of protein monolayers with plasmonic nanoantenna arrays. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106, 19227 (2009)
15. P. Anger, P. Bharadwaj, L. Novotny, Enhancement and quenching of single-molecule fluorescence. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 113002 (2006)
16. A. Kinkhabwala, Z. Yu, S. Fan, Y. Avlasevich, K. Mullen, W.E. Moerner, Large singlemolecule fluorescence enhancements produced by a bowtie nanoantenna. Nat. Photonics 3,
654–657 (2009)
457
integrated nanoscale tornadoes is in optical trapping of small particles (viruses, bacteria, etc.) and guiding them through on-chip nanoscale ’conveyor belts’ [114]. The
insights into the underlying physical mechanisms and analogies with the well-studied
hydrodynamic effects are expected to help in developing additional design rules for
complex plasmonic nanocircuitries. The hydrodynamics analogy also paves the road
to using well-developed methods of computational fluid dynamics to facilitate simulation and optimization of plasmonic VNTs.
Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Anton Desyatnikov from Australian National University and my colleagues at Boston University and MIT for useful discussions.
References
1. W.E. Moerner, New directions in single-molecule imaging and analysis. Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci. 104, 12596 (2007)
2. S. Lal, S. Link, N.J. Halas, Nano-optics from sensing to waveguiding. Nat. Photonics 1,
641–648 (2007)
3. J.A. Schuller, E.S. Barnard, W. Cai, Y.C. Jun, J.S. White, M.L. Brongersma, Plasmonics for
extreme light concentration and manipulation. Nat. Mater. 9, 193–204 (2010)
4. M.I. Stockman, Nanoplasmonics: past, present, and glimpse into future. Opt. Express 19,
22029–22106 (2011)
5. H.A. Atwater, A. Polman, Plasmonics for improved photovoltaic devices. Nat. Mater. 9, 205–
213 (2010)
6. A.D. McFarland, R.P. Van Duyne, Single silver nanoparticles as real-time optical sensors with
zeptomole sensitivity. Nano Lett. 3, 1057–1062 (2003)
7. M.A. Santiago-Cordoba, S.V. Boriskina, F. Vollmer, M.C. Demirel, Nanoparticle-based protein detection by optical shift of a resonant microcavity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 073701 (2011)
8. S.I. Shopova, R. Rajmangal, S. Holler, S. Arnold, Plasmonic enhancement of a whisperinggallery-mode biosensor for single nanoparticle detection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 243104–
243103 (2011)
9. M. Moskovits, L.L. Tay, J. Yang, T. Haslett, SERS and the Single Molecule in Optical Properties of Nanostructured Random Media (Springer, Berlin, 2002), pp. 215–226
10. K.A. Willets, R.P. Van Duyne, Localized surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and sensing.
Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 58, 267–297 (2007)
11. F.J. Garcia-Vidal, J.B. Pendry, Collective theory for surface enhanced Raman scattering. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 77, 1163 (1996)
12. K. Kneipp, Y. Wang, H. Kneipp, L.T. Perelman, I. Itzkan, R.R. Dasari, M.S. Feld, Single
molecule detection using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Phys. Rev. Lett. 78,
1667 (1997)
13. B. Yan, S.V. Boriskina, B.M. Reinhard, Theory, fabrication, and applications of nanoparticle
cluster arrays in plasmon enhanced biosensing. J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 24437–24453 (2011)
14. R. Adato, A.A. Yanik, J.J. Amsden, D.L. Kaplan, F.G. Omenetto, M.K. Hong, S. Erramilli, H.
Altug, Ultra-sensitive vibrational spectroscopy of protein monolayers with plasmonic nanoantenna arrays. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 106, 19227 (2009)
15. P. Anger, P. Bharadwaj, L. Novotny, Enhancement and quenching of single-molecule fluorescence. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 113002 (2006)
16. A. Kinkhabwala, Z. Yu, S. Fan, Y. Avlasevich, K. Mullen, W.E. Moerner, Large singlemolecule fluorescence enhancements produced by a bowtie nanoantenna. Nat. Photonics 3,
654–657 (2009)