514
T. Scherzer
expansion was enabled and pushed by the tremendous performance, in particular the
considerably enhanced sensitivity, of modern NIR instrumentation in combination
with powerful chemometric approaches.
Acknowledgements The author is deeply grateful to Dr. Olesya Daikos, Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung (IOM), for careful reading of the manuscript as well for technical support in the
preparation of figures etc. Moreover, he thanks all current and former members of the spectroscopy
and process control group at IOM for successful longtime collaboration.
References
1. J.B. Callis, D.L. Illmann, B.R. Kowalski, Process analytical chemistry. Anal. Chem. 59, 624A
(1987)
2. D.C. Hassell, E.M. Bowman, Process analytical chemistry for spectroscopists. Appl. Spectrosc.
52, 18A (1998)
3. K.A. Bakeev (ed.), Process Analytical Technology (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2010)
4. L.G. Weyer, Near-infrared spectroscopy of organic substances. Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 21, 1
(1985)
5. C.E. Miller, Near-infrared spectroscopy of synthetic polymers. Appl. Spectrosc. Revs. 26, 277
(1991)
6. H.E. Howell, J.R. Davis, Qualitative identification of polymeric materials using near-infrared
spectroscopy, in Structure-Property Relations in Polymers, ed. by M.W. Urban, C.D. Craver
(Am. Chem. Soc., Washington 1993), chap. 9, pp. 263–285
7. H.W. Siesler, Applications to polymers and textiles, in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Principles,
Instruments, Applications, ed. by H.W. Siesler, Y. Ozaki, S. Kawata, H.M. Heise (Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim, 2002), chap. 10, pp. 213–245
8. C. Krajdel, K.A. Lee, NIR analysis of polymers, in Handbook of Near-Infrared Analysis, ed.
by D.A. Burns, E.W. Ciurczak (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 3rd ed., 2008), chap. 27, pp. 529–568
9. A.M. Brearly, S.J. Foulk, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) as a PAT tool in the chemical
industry: Added value and implementation challenges, in Process Analytical Technology, ed.
by K.A. Bakeev (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2010), chap. 15, pp. 493–520
10. T. Scherzer, M.R. Buchmeiser, Photoinitiated cationic polymerization of cycloaliphatic
epoxide/vinyl ether systems studied by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Macromol. Chem.
Phys. 208, 946 (2007)
11. G. Mirschel, K. Heymann, T. Scherzer, M.R. Buchmeiser, Effect of changes of the coating
thickness on the in-line monitoring of the conversion of photopolymerized acrylate coatings
by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Polymer 50, 1895 (2009)
12. C. Schmidt, T. Scherzer, Monitoring of the shrinkage during the photopolymerization of
acrylates using hyphenated photorheometry/near-infrared spectroscopy. J. Polym. Sci., Pt. B:
Polym. Phys. 53, 729 (2015)
13. T. Scherzer, Depth profiling of the degree of cure during the photopolymerization of acrylates
studied by real-time FT-IR attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 56, 1403
(2002)
14. O. Daikos, K. Heymann, T. Scherzer, Development of a PLS approach for the determination
of the conversion in UV-cured white-pigmented coatings by NIR chemical imaging and its
transfer to other substrates. Progr. Org. Coat. 132, 116 (2019)
15. T. Scherzer, R. Mehnert, H. Lucht, Online monitoring of the acrylate conversion in UV
photopolymerization by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Macromol. Symp. 205, 151
(2004)
T. Scherzer
expansion was enabled and pushed by the tremendous performance, in particular the
considerably enhanced sensitivity, of modern NIR instrumentation in combination
with powerful chemometric approaches.
Acknowledgements The author is deeply grateful to Dr. Olesya Daikos, Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung (IOM), for careful reading of the manuscript as well for technical support in the
preparation of figures etc. Moreover, he thanks all current and former members of the spectroscopy
and process control group at IOM for successful longtime collaboration.
References
1. J.B. Callis, D.L. Illmann, B.R. Kowalski, Process analytical chemistry. Anal. Chem. 59, 624A
(1987)
2. D.C. Hassell, E.M. Bowman, Process analytical chemistry for spectroscopists. Appl. Spectrosc.
52, 18A (1998)
3. K.A. Bakeev (ed.), Process Analytical Technology (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2010)
4. L.G. Weyer, Near-infrared spectroscopy of organic substances. Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 21, 1
(1985)
5. C.E. Miller, Near-infrared spectroscopy of synthetic polymers. Appl. Spectrosc. Revs. 26, 277
(1991)
6. H.E. Howell, J.R. Davis, Qualitative identification of polymeric materials using near-infrared
spectroscopy, in Structure-Property Relations in Polymers, ed. by M.W. Urban, C.D. Craver
(Am. Chem. Soc., Washington 1993), chap. 9, pp. 263–285
7. H.W. Siesler, Applications to polymers and textiles, in Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Principles,
Instruments, Applications, ed. by H.W. Siesler, Y. Ozaki, S. Kawata, H.M. Heise (Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim, 2002), chap. 10, pp. 213–245
8. C. Krajdel, K.A. Lee, NIR analysis of polymers, in Handbook of Near-Infrared Analysis, ed.
by D.A. Burns, E.W. Ciurczak (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 3rd ed., 2008), chap. 27, pp. 529–568
9. A.M. Brearly, S.J. Foulk, Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) as a PAT tool in the chemical
industry: Added value and implementation challenges, in Process Analytical Technology, ed.
by K.A. Bakeev (Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2010), chap. 15, pp. 493–520
10. T. Scherzer, M.R. Buchmeiser, Photoinitiated cationic polymerization of cycloaliphatic
epoxide/vinyl ether systems studied by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Macromol. Chem.
Phys. 208, 946 (2007)
11. G. Mirschel, K. Heymann, T. Scherzer, M.R. Buchmeiser, Effect of changes of the coating
thickness on the in-line monitoring of the conversion of photopolymerized acrylate coatings
by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Polymer 50, 1895 (2009)
12. C. Schmidt, T. Scherzer, Monitoring of the shrinkage during the photopolymerization of
acrylates using hyphenated photorheometry/near-infrared spectroscopy. J. Polym. Sci., Pt. B:
Polym. Phys. 53, 729 (2015)
13. T. Scherzer, Depth profiling of the degree of cure during the photopolymerization of acrylates
studied by real-time FT-IR attenuated total reflection spectroscopy. Appl. Spectrosc. 56, 1403
(2002)
14. O. Daikos, K. Heymann, T. Scherzer, Development of a PLS approach for the determination
of the conversion in UV-cured white-pigmented coatings by NIR chemical imaging and its
transfer to other substrates. Progr. Org. Coat. 132, 116 (2019)
15. T. Scherzer, R. Mehnert, H. Lucht, Online monitoring of the acrylate conversion in UV
photopolymerization by near-infrared reflection spectroscopy. Macromol. Symp. 205, 151
(2004)