5.12 Speckle-Optical Diagnostics of Muscle Activity and …
455
is due to the formation of microangiopathy and atherosclerosis of small cerebral
arteries [191, 210–214]. This phenomenon is supported by the data of magnetic
resonance tomography, in the result of which some patients, along with localization
of the process at the one side, have the multi-focal focuses on different brain and
cerebellum structures that become obvious with worsening the condition of microhemocirculatory channel in general, which is registered with the help of speckle-optical
method.
Thereby, the presented original results of the studies demonstrated the diagnostic
possibilities of coherent methods of the study of skin microhemocirculation, speckleoptical myography and tremorography that makes it possible to refer them to the
highly informative methods of estimation of functional disorders of microhemodynamics, tonus and biomechanical indicators of muscle activity, which are developed
during the diseases of central and peripheral nervous system.
In the works [221, 223] at modeling the traumatic damage of the sciatic nerve
in the experiment based on the clinical, speckle-optical and pathologic methods
of estimation of degenerative-reinnervational process, trophic disorders, myotonus,
contractile and bioelectrical muscle activity, and also skin microhemodynamics, the
character of the disorders of neuromotor apparatus was detected. In 3 months after
neurography of the sciatic nerve of rabbits there was determined a considerable
lowering of electroneuromyographic (amplitude and area M-answer, speed of the
conduction velocity on the motor fibers) and speckle-optical (medium frequency of
fluctuations of intensity of speckle-field and power of the spectrum) indices during
clinical picture of obvious paresis of the damaged limber with considerable trophic
disorders. The most informative speckle-optical indicators of contractile muscle
activity and skin microhemodynamics, which make it possible to objectify the flow
of regenerative-reinnervational process, were defined.
In the works [216, 221, 223], the stimulating effect of ILBI with He–Ne laser
(λ = 632.8 nm, power of 2–2.5 mW) was shown on the indexes of skin microhemocirculation, tonic and contractile muscle activity at intact rabbits. The positive
effect of laser hemotherapy on the flow of regenerative-reinnervational process was
registered after neurography of sciatic nerve at rabbits that becomes evident by the
increase of background tonic and contractile muscle activity, improvement of the
indicators of neural conductivity, increase of blood flow in skin microhemocirculatory channel and, as a result, in enhancement of blood supply of the tissues of
damaged limb.
In the works [216, 217] there was experimentally substantiated the reasonability
of using ILBI in complex post-operative treatment of patients with traumatic injuries
of peripheral nerves in early post-operational period, starting from the second day
after neurography, in order to create optimal conditions for treatment of regenerativereinnervational processes occurring in a damaged neuromuscular system.
As it was shown in the works [218, 219, 222], clinical and speckle-optical studies
at trauma of all nerves examined in patients, which was conducted in the presurgical period, testify considerable disorder of pain sensitivity, trophic and motional
function, neural conductivity and contractile properties of muscle fibers at damaging
of nerves, which innervate them. Biomechanical muscle disorders are characterized
455
is due to the formation of microangiopathy and atherosclerosis of small cerebral
arteries [191, 210–214]. This phenomenon is supported by the data of magnetic
resonance tomography, in the result of which some patients, along with localization
of the process at the one side, have the multi-focal focuses on different brain and
cerebellum structures that become obvious with worsening the condition of microhemocirculatory channel in general, which is registered with the help of speckle-optical
method.
Thereby, the presented original results of the studies demonstrated the diagnostic
possibilities of coherent methods of the study of skin microhemocirculation, speckleoptical myography and tremorography that makes it possible to refer them to the
highly informative methods of estimation of functional disorders of microhemodynamics, tonus and biomechanical indicators of muscle activity, which are developed
during the diseases of central and peripheral nervous system.
In the works [221, 223] at modeling the traumatic damage of the sciatic nerve
in the experiment based on the clinical, speckle-optical and pathologic methods
of estimation of degenerative-reinnervational process, trophic disorders, myotonus,
contractile and bioelectrical muscle activity, and also skin microhemodynamics, the
character of the disorders of neuromotor apparatus was detected. In 3 months after
neurography of the sciatic nerve of rabbits there was determined a considerable
lowering of electroneuromyographic (amplitude and area M-answer, speed of the
conduction velocity on the motor fibers) and speckle-optical (medium frequency of
fluctuations of intensity of speckle-field and power of the spectrum) indices during
clinical picture of obvious paresis of the damaged limber with considerable trophic
disorders. The most informative speckle-optical indicators of contractile muscle
activity and skin microhemodynamics, which make it possible to objectify the flow
of regenerative-reinnervational process, were defined.
In the works [216, 221, 223], the stimulating effect of ILBI with He–Ne laser
(λ = 632.8 nm, power of 2–2.5 mW) was shown on the indexes of skin microhemocirculation, tonic and contractile muscle activity at intact rabbits. The positive
effect of laser hemotherapy on the flow of regenerative-reinnervational process was
registered after neurography of sciatic nerve at rabbits that becomes evident by the
increase of background tonic and contractile muscle activity, improvement of the
indicators of neural conductivity, increase of blood flow in skin microhemocirculatory channel and, as a result, in enhancement of blood supply of the tissues of
damaged limb.
In the works [216, 217] there was experimentally substantiated the reasonability
of using ILBI in complex post-operative treatment of patients with traumatic injuries
of peripheral nerves in early post-operational period, starting from the second day
after neurography, in order to create optimal conditions for treatment of regenerativereinnervational processes occurring in a damaged neuromuscular system.
As it was shown in the works [218, 219, 222], clinical and speckle-optical studies
at trauma of all nerves examined in patients, which was conducted in the presurgical period, testify considerable disorder of pain sensitivity, trophic and motional
function, neural conductivity and contractile properties of muscle fibers at damaging
of nerves, which innervate them. Biomechanical muscle disorders are characterized