5.11 Experimental and Clinical Studies of Skin Microhemodynamics by …
441
The influence of laser radiation on the regenerative processes of somatic nerves after
injury was investigated, and the study of the dynamics of recovery microhemocirculatory bed sciatic nerve and its regeneration of nerve fibers after reconstructive operations on the injured nerve trunk under the influence of low-intensity laser irradiation
was conducted.
In addition, the studies were carried out in chronic experiments on 18 white
rats with the weight of 250–300 g in a model of sciatic nerve transection on the
border of the upper and middle third, followed by neurorraphy. The laser beam
with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and a power density of 22.5 mW/cm
2 (He–Ne laser
LG-75) focused on the area of post-operational scar (1 min of irradiation exposure
for 8 days). Application as a therapeutic factor in low-intensity laser irradiation
contributed to the reduction of the inflammatory tissue response in areas of trauma
and reduction of swelling of nerve damage. Adhesions in the area of traumatic injury
of the sciatic nerve were expressed significantly less, and scar remained rather loose.
This created favorable conditions for germination in the connective tissue of the
emerging regeneration neuroma of the newly formed blood vessels, both central and
peripheral segments of the sciatic nerve. Most of the thin regenerating nerve fibers,
which grow through the damaged area in the distal segment of nerve, accompanied
by newly formed vessels, repeating their course, and by the end of the month evenly
permeated the loose scar.
Thus, the use as a curative factor of low-intensity laser irradiation in the experiments with animals having an injury of sciatic nerve did not only reduce the inflammatory response in the areas of trauma, but also led to the formation of loose connective
tissue scar more, thus creating favorable conditions for recovery of microhemocirculatory bed in the area of damage and improved nerve regeneration of nerve
fibers.
In clinical studies using speckle-optical method, it has been found that the most
sensitive to the action of laser radiation and informative indicator of changes in
surface microcirculation in patients with traumatic peripheral nerve is the average
frequency f of fluctuations in the intensity of the speckle-field scattered by the skin,
in the range of 0–2000 Hz. It is shown that preoperative mean frequency f reflecting
the state of the cutaneous blood flow in the area of innervation of the damaged nerves
is significantly lower than the corresponding parameter in the symmetric points of
healthy limbs. According to the speckle-optical studies in patients with peripheral
nerve neurorraphy, intravenous laser blood irradiation causes the activation of cutaneous microcirculation, more pronounced after the exchange rate effect, which leads
to a decrease in the asymmetry mean frequency f to the healthy and injured limbs.
It is obvious that the revealed biostimulatory effect of laser radiation is associated
with the mobilization of potential reserves of microhemocirculatory channel as intact
[165–169] and traumatic lesions of peripheral nerves [170]. It was established experimentally that the activation process of post-traumatic reparative regeneration of
growing axons and axo-muscular synapses correlates with the reactive rearrangement associated with blood vessels [171] and accompanied by improved blood flow
in the surrounding tissues due to arteriolar enlargement and the inclusion of reserve
441
The influence of laser radiation on the regenerative processes of somatic nerves after
injury was investigated, and the study of the dynamics of recovery microhemocirculatory bed sciatic nerve and its regeneration of nerve fibers after reconstructive operations on the injured nerve trunk under the influence of low-intensity laser irradiation
was conducted.
In addition, the studies were carried out in chronic experiments on 18 white
rats with the weight of 250–300 g in a model of sciatic nerve transection on the
border of the upper and middle third, followed by neurorraphy. The laser beam
with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and a power density of 22.5 mW/cm
2 (He–Ne laser
LG-75) focused on the area of post-operational scar (1 min of irradiation exposure
for 8 days). Application as a therapeutic factor in low-intensity laser irradiation
contributed to the reduction of the inflammatory tissue response in areas of trauma
and reduction of swelling of nerve damage. Adhesions in the area of traumatic injury
of the sciatic nerve were expressed significantly less, and scar remained rather loose.
This created favorable conditions for germination in the connective tissue of the
emerging regeneration neuroma of the newly formed blood vessels, both central and
peripheral segments of the sciatic nerve. Most of the thin regenerating nerve fibers,
which grow through the damaged area in the distal segment of nerve, accompanied
by newly formed vessels, repeating their course, and by the end of the month evenly
permeated the loose scar.
Thus, the use as a curative factor of low-intensity laser irradiation in the experiments with animals having an injury of sciatic nerve did not only reduce the inflammatory response in the areas of trauma, but also led to the formation of loose connective
tissue scar more, thus creating favorable conditions for recovery of microhemocirculatory bed in the area of damage and improved nerve regeneration of nerve
fibers.
In clinical studies using speckle-optical method, it has been found that the most
sensitive to the action of laser radiation and informative indicator of changes in
surface microcirculation in patients with traumatic peripheral nerve is the average
frequency f of fluctuations in the intensity of the speckle-field scattered by the skin,
in the range of 0–2000 Hz. It is shown that preoperative mean frequency f reflecting
the state of the cutaneous blood flow in the area of innervation of the damaged nerves
is significantly lower than the corresponding parameter in the symmetric points of
healthy limbs. According to the speckle-optical studies in patients with peripheral
nerve neurorraphy, intravenous laser blood irradiation causes the activation of cutaneous microcirculation, more pronounced after the exchange rate effect, which leads
to a decrease in the asymmetry mean frequency f to the healthy and injured limbs.
It is obvious that the revealed biostimulatory effect of laser radiation is associated
with the mobilization of potential reserves of microhemocirculatory channel as intact
[165–169] and traumatic lesions of peripheral nerves [170]. It was established experimentally that the activation process of post-traumatic reparative regeneration of
growing axons and axo-muscular synapses correlates with the reactive rearrangement associated with blood vessels [171] and accompanied by improved blood flow
in the surrounding tissues due to arteriolar enlargement and the inclusion of reserve