5.2 Study of Deformations of Epithelial Tissues Using the …
381
which usually accompany any tissue contraction, should not exceed the depth of the
field of the objective, with the help of which a specklogram is recorded.
Medical–biological application of speckle-interferometry, in which it is necessary
to register tissue deformations on the whole surface simultaneously, can be very
diverse. Taking into account the results of the experiments, the described method
can be recommended for determining shifts of the human larynx during speech
production [139], studying contraction caused by electrical stimulation of nerves
or smooth muscles of a lymphatic vessel [140]. In their studies, the authors of the
works [139, 140] used mechanic–electrical sensors, which give the possibility to
measure deformation in a separate point. A whole number of such sensors would be
needed during estimation of human skin surface shift, and estimation of the surface
shift while stretching such an object as a nerve is impossible. Meanwhile, this task
of the study is interesting because of the information about mechanical changes in
the nerve (swelling and changes of length) during action potential [141–143], about
preserving the capability to transmit the action potential with a nerve stretched in 5
times against its initial length [144]. Only a number of specific possible applications
of the speckle-photography method were enumerated above.
According to the authors of this monograph, the methods of speckle-optics can
be used in restoration surgery and biomechanical study, and also add the methods of
holographic interferometry in other medical applications.
5.3 Laser Specklometer (Microhematomyograph)
1. Purpose.
1.1. The laser specklometer (further LS) (Figs. 5.5 and 5.6) is aimed at registration in relative units of time intensity fluctuations of a speckle-field formed
as a result of dispersion of laser radiation by skin and calculation of their
amplitude–frequency characteristics accompanied by a computer.
1.2. The LS is used to study biomechanical characteristics of skeletal muscles
and microhemodynamics of skin in order to estimate the functional state
of separate systems (neuromuscular, blood circulation, etc.) and human
organs.
1.3. The LS is applied together with a computer (PC AT-286, 386, 486, monitors EGA, VGA, SVGA), which controls data input and processes and
documents the obtained results.
1.4. The LS power is from a one-phase alternating current, and voltage is 220
V ± 10% at a frequency of 50 ± 0.5 Hz.
2. Technical characteristics of the laser specklometer.
2.1. The laser specklometer includes an optical-medical component, an electronic component and software.
381
which usually accompany any tissue contraction, should not exceed the depth of the
field of the objective, with the help of which a specklogram is recorded.
Medical–biological application of speckle-interferometry, in which it is necessary
to register tissue deformations on the whole surface simultaneously, can be very
diverse. Taking into account the results of the experiments, the described method
can be recommended for determining shifts of the human larynx during speech
production [139], studying contraction caused by electrical stimulation of nerves
or smooth muscles of a lymphatic vessel [140]. In their studies, the authors of the
works [139, 140] used mechanic–electrical sensors, which give the possibility to
measure deformation in a separate point. A whole number of such sensors would be
needed during estimation of human skin surface shift, and estimation of the surface
shift while stretching such an object as a nerve is impossible. Meanwhile, this task
of the study is interesting because of the information about mechanical changes in
the nerve (swelling and changes of length) during action potential [141–143], about
preserving the capability to transmit the action potential with a nerve stretched in 5
times against its initial length [144]. Only a number of specific possible applications
of the speckle-photography method were enumerated above.
According to the authors of this monograph, the methods of speckle-optics can
be used in restoration surgery and biomechanical study, and also add the methods of
holographic interferometry in other medical applications.
5.3 Laser Specklometer (Microhematomyograph)
1. Purpose.
1.1. The laser specklometer (further LS) (Figs. 5.5 and 5.6) is aimed at registration in relative units of time intensity fluctuations of a speckle-field formed
as a result of dispersion of laser radiation by skin and calculation of their
amplitude–frequency characteristics accompanied by a computer.
1.2. The LS is used to study biomechanical characteristics of skeletal muscles
and microhemodynamics of skin in order to estimate the functional state
of separate systems (neuromuscular, blood circulation, etc.) and human
organs.
1.3. The LS is applied together with a computer (PC AT-286, 386, 486, monitors EGA, VGA, SVGA), which controls data input and processes and
documents the obtained results.
1.4. The LS power is from a one-phase alternating current, and voltage is 220
V ± 10% at a frequency of 50 ± 0.5 Hz.
2. Technical characteristics of the laser specklometer.
2.1. The laser specklometer includes an optical-medical component, an electronic component and software.