3.4 Holographic Research Methods in Biology and Medicine
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through a contact. This is often connected with psychophysical state of the object
under study, in the result of which in some cases the data can be incorrect and
unreliable. And vice versa while using the coherent-optical methods, a person can
even not know when the recording is conducted.
One of real applications of the method mentioned above is obtaining holographic
portraits of a living object that is valuable while investigating rare as well as typical
forms of diseases [206]. Taking into account dynamics of the aspect of disease and
changing or disappearing of the form (e.g., death of a patient), it is important to
preserve the shape of the object under study. This method can also be implemented
for taking pictures of preparations, models, phantoms, etc. Thus, holographic portrait
can be a means of medical diagnosis and serve as demonstration material at lectures
or in museums of pathologic anatomy for students training and so on.
A step forward in terms of informativity improvement can be circular holographic registration. The works [207–210] are dedicated to the circular holographic
recording. In the work [209], the circular holographic plate can be used instead of
plates, which limit the number of angles during reconstruction. An optical scheme
and a device for circular recording in colliding beams are presented in the articles
[211, 212].
Unlike the flat carrier registration when the image is fixed from one angle, during
circular holographic recording the object is fully covered, i.e., under an angle of
360° [207, 208, 210, 213]. The application of the circular holography method in
medicine can serve for a more qualitative estimation of the object state under traumatic operations, malignant neoplasms, transplanting of living tissues or during
cosmetic surgeries.
Holographic survey of different human internal cavities, which are easy to reach,
can be technically conducted with further posteriori processing of 3-D data. This estimation of the pathological state is important for oncology tasks and allows solving
different diagnosing tasks as well as choosing the method of treatment. High resolution and accuracy of measurements are most essential in this case, as it is stipulated
[214, 215] that a tumor goes through 40 periods until it reaches the critical state and
the diameter of ~40 μm corresponds to the initial period. The contemporary endoscopic study gives the possibility to register the minimal tumor diameter of 150 μm
that corresponds to approximately 12 periods of its existence (or 30% of all the time
of development). Holographic registration can give information about the color and
relief of the mucous membrane, about the shape and the size of lesions. Such a test in
combination with biopsy will give the possibility to get information about histologic
structure of the damaged tissues, to estimate the necessity and the volume of surgery.
The repeated study makes it possible to observe the dynamics of the tumor development in some cases, which has an essential meaning during estimation of the results
of treatment, to control healing of ulcers and to detect their malignization on time.
Using complex research, different pretumor changes can be detected in some organs,
the possibilities for determination of more accurate changes of mucous membrane
can be created, which precede the development of tumors [214, 215].
In the works of von Bally [216–218] and Gregush [219], there are a lot of examples of how holographic interferometry can be applied in medicine. These are the
269
through a contact. This is often connected with psychophysical state of the object
under study, in the result of which in some cases the data can be incorrect and
unreliable. And vice versa while using the coherent-optical methods, a person can
even not know when the recording is conducted.
One of real applications of the method mentioned above is obtaining holographic
portraits of a living object that is valuable while investigating rare as well as typical
forms of diseases [206]. Taking into account dynamics of the aspect of disease and
changing or disappearing of the form (e.g., death of a patient), it is important to
preserve the shape of the object under study. This method can also be implemented
for taking pictures of preparations, models, phantoms, etc. Thus, holographic portrait
can be a means of medical diagnosis and serve as demonstration material at lectures
or in museums of pathologic anatomy for students training and so on.
A step forward in terms of informativity improvement can be circular holographic registration. The works [207–210] are dedicated to the circular holographic
recording. In the work [209], the circular holographic plate can be used instead of
plates, which limit the number of angles during reconstruction. An optical scheme
and a device for circular recording in colliding beams are presented in the articles
[211, 212].
Unlike the flat carrier registration when the image is fixed from one angle, during
circular holographic recording the object is fully covered, i.e., under an angle of
360° [207, 208, 210, 213]. The application of the circular holography method in
medicine can serve for a more qualitative estimation of the object state under traumatic operations, malignant neoplasms, transplanting of living tissues or during
cosmetic surgeries.
Holographic survey of different human internal cavities, which are easy to reach,
can be technically conducted with further posteriori processing of 3-D data. This estimation of the pathological state is important for oncology tasks and allows solving
different diagnosing tasks as well as choosing the method of treatment. High resolution and accuracy of measurements are most essential in this case, as it is stipulated
[214, 215] that a tumor goes through 40 periods until it reaches the critical state and
the diameter of ~40 μm corresponds to the initial period. The contemporary endoscopic study gives the possibility to register the minimal tumor diameter of 150 μm
that corresponds to approximately 12 periods of its existence (or 30% of all the time
of development). Holographic registration can give information about the color and
relief of the mucous membrane, about the shape and the size of lesions. Such a test in
combination with biopsy will give the possibility to get information about histologic
structure of the damaged tissues, to estimate the necessity and the volume of surgery.
The repeated study makes it possible to observe the dynamics of the tumor development in some cases, which has an essential meaning during estimation of the results
of treatment, to control healing of ulcers and to detect their malignization on time.
Using complex research, different pretumor changes can be detected in some organs,
the possibilities for determination of more accurate changes of mucous membrane
can be created, which precede the development of tumors [214, 215].
In the works of von Bally [216–218] and Gregush [219], there are a lot of examples of how holographic interferometry can be applied in medicine. These are the