2.4 Development and Improvement of the Holographic Interference …
159
and studying 3D-images of macromolecules can be possible. The improvement of
the resonance interferometry methods concerning a separate cell can give the possibility to study its vital functions, in particular to define the spatial distribution of
the K and Na ion concentration and the dependence of the distribution alteration
connected with the membrane permeability. Also, the development of the dynamic
hologram recording method can be promising, where a separate cell or a whole set
of cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes or nerve cells) can be the recording medium that
gives possibility to define in their volume a number of the so-called fundamental
parameters, such as the coefficients of thermal conduction, diffusion and so on.
The papers are also known on electrical activity measurements of objects at the
level of a separate cell of blood and a nerve tissue while using voltage-sensitive dyes,
i.e., the dyes, which light absorption or fluorescence intensity changes depending
on the electrical potential value. Thus, for example, the alteration of the dye
fluorescence-merocyanine 540, injected into the nerve fiber during stimulation with
light, the wavelength of which is 570 nm, accurately reproduces modifications of the
membrane potential with the time lag of only 40 μs. The optical effect magnitude
depends on the reconfigurable over the laser radiation frequency and on the potential efficiency of sensitive dyes. Development of the selective excitation methods
using the switching laser radiation concerning biological preparations can favor the
emergence of new “optical dyeing” methods (enhancing of the brightness contrast),
which make it possible to visualize a certain structure lesion in a living cell.
2.5 Results and Conclusions
1. Preliminary research was conducted, during which different static microobjects
were studied. In particular, the possibility to obtain contoured maps of microreliefed surfaces was shown using simultaneous generation of four-long-wave
switching radiation of the dye pulse laser “Raduga-3M”. The model object of the
holographic recording was a metal relief with the height no more than 1 mm. The
forming conditions of the holographic interferograms of the relief were defined
at time order of 10
−7 s, where the level difference between the neighboring bands
was about 100 μm. As a result, principally the possibility of microscopic objects
contouring was shown in perspective and biologically in order to clarify the
peculiarities of their shape.
A number of coherent-optical (including holographic and speckle-optical)
methods, setups and devices were developed that make it possible to conduct a
study of the neuromuscular tissue with simultaneous electrophysiological control.
In particular, a holographic setup for analyses of the morphological and functional
states of excitable microobjects (a nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, a nerve) was developed
and assembled. The setup allowed recording holograms and holographic interferograms of nerve fibers using different methods—the real-time one, the stroboscopic
holographic one and the differential holographic interferometry method.
159
and studying 3D-images of macromolecules can be possible. The improvement of
the resonance interferometry methods concerning a separate cell can give the possibility to study its vital functions, in particular to define the spatial distribution of
the K and Na ion concentration and the dependence of the distribution alteration
connected with the membrane permeability. Also, the development of the dynamic
hologram recording method can be promising, where a separate cell or a whole set
of cells (erythrocytes, lymphocytes or nerve cells) can be the recording medium that
gives possibility to define in their volume a number of the so-called fundamental
parameters, such as the coefficients of thermal conduction, diffusion and so on.
The papers are also known on electrical activity measurements of objects at the
level of a separate cell of blood and a nerve tissue while using voltage-sensitive dyes,
i.e., the dyes, which light absorption or fluorescence intensity changes depending
on the electrical potential value. Thus, for example, the alteration of the dye
fluorescence-merocyanine 540, injected into the nerve fiber during stimulation with
light, the wavelength of which is 570 nm, accurately reproduces modifications of the
membrane potential with the time lag of only 40 μs. The optical effect magnitude
depends on the reconfigurable over the laser radiation frequency and on the potential efficiency of sensitive dyes. Development of the selective excitation methods
using the switching laser radiation concerning biological preparations can favor the
emergence of new “optical dyeing” methods (enhancing of the brightness contrast),
which make it possible to visualize a certain structure lesion in a living cell.
2.5 Results and Conclusions
1. Preliminary research was conducted, during which different static microobjects
were studied. In particular, the possibility to obtain contoured maps of microreliefed surfaces was shown using simultaneous generation of four-long-wave
switching radiation of the dye pulse laser “Raduga-3M”. The model object of the
holographic recording was a metal relief with the height no more than 1 mm. The
forming conditions of the holographic interferograms of the relief were defined
at time order of 10
−7 s, where the level difference between the neighboring bands
was about 100 μm. As a result, principally the possibility of microscopic objects
contouring was shown in perspective and biologically in order to clarify the
peculiarities of their shape.
A number of coherent-optical (including holographic and speckle-optical)
methods, setups and devices were developed that make it possible to conduct a
study of the neuromuscular tissue with simultaneous electrophysiological control.
In particular, a holographic setup for analyses of the morphological and functional
states of excitable microobjects (a nerve fiber, a muscle fiber, a nerve) was developed
and assembled. The setup allowed recording holograms and holographic interferograms of nerve fibers using different methods—the real-time one, the stroboscopic
holographic one and the differential holographic interferometry method.