94
2 Holographic Microscopy of Phase and Diffuse Objects …
of lower extremity, peritonitis, coronary disease, disseminated sclerosis and others)
[259–262] and has a real basis in a form of accumulated clinical observations and
the works on the study of its medical and biological influence.
In particular, it has been established that ILBI intensively influences rheological properties of blood—reduces its viscosity by decreasing the degree and speed
of gluing of platelets, reduces the sludging of red blood cells with an increase in
fibrinolytic activity and others [263–265] what improves microcirculation and tissue
trophism, affects the oxidant system (catalases activity, glutamateperoxidases and
others) on the stage of lipids peroxidation, which is the important part of pathogenesis
which detects different structural and cellular membrane failures.
In the response of blood cells to laser irradiation, the important role of lymphocytes, which are the carriers of immunological memory and which provide organism
self-protection system, should be noted. ILBI actively influences immunological
system (the indicators of humoral immunity; functional activity of T-lymphocytes,
increase resetting, the level of blast-cell transformation). The above-mentioned
factors improve proliferative processes and suppress anaerobic reactions developed
in pathologically changed tissues.
In recent years, some stages of pathogenesis of some diseases have been identified. They are based on tissue damages by the antigen-antibody complexes. If any
antigens appear, the organism begins to produce antibodies. Simultaneous presence
of complementary antigens and antibodies in the organism results in appearance of
immune complexes (IC), which should be removed by the process of phagocytosis.
If the immunoregulatory mechanisms are impaired, the number of ICs may increase,
that, as a rule, causes a chronic relapsing course of PNS-diseases. The determination
of IC content in combination with other tests is used in evaluating the effectiveness
of treatment.
The ILBI method having a systemic influence on the body is the most effective
way of the normalization of immune status, microgemocirculation, transcapillary
exchange and tissue metabolism during the damages of their innervation and blood
supply [266]. Some authors studied the interaction of laser radiation and blood.
The results of these studies showed that this interaction is the most effective in red
and infrared range with the wavelength of 600–1000 nm. He–Ne (632.8 nm) and
semiconductor (850 nm) laser radiate in these ranges.
Susceptibility of biological structures to laser radiation is provided by the complex
of specific and non-specific photoacceptors, which absorb energy of this radiation and
provide it transformation during biochemical and biophysical processes [267, 268].
Experimental studies revealed changes in lymphoid tissue that occur at the
influence of low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI). Many authors associate the
immunomodulatory effect of laser radiation with the influence on the receptor
apparatus of immunocompetent cells [269, 270].
Earlier we have experimentally detected [28, 77, 271] that under traumatic and
ischemic damages of peripheral nerves ILBI-therapy normalizes prooxidant reactions, enzymatic and hormonal damages, the increase of immunoactive proteins and
the activity of the antioxidant system, the improvement of the functional state of
2 Holographic Microscopy of Phase and Diffuse Objects …
of lower extremity, peritonitis, coronary disease, disseminated sclerosis and others)
[259–262] and has a real basis in a form of accumulated clinical observations and
the works on the study of its medical and biological influence.
In particular, it has been established that ILBI intensively influences rheological properties of blood—reduces its viscosity by decreasing the degree and speed
of gluing of platelets, reduces the sludging of red blood cells with an increase in
fibrinolytic activity and others [263–265] what improves microcirculation and tissue
trophism, affects the oxidant system (catalases activity, glutamateperoxidases and
others) on the stage of lipids peroxidation, which is the important part of pathogenesis
which detects different structural and cellular membrane failures.
In the response of blood cells to laser irradiation, the important role of lymphocytes, which are the carriers of immunological memory and which provide organism
self-protection system, should be noted. ILBI actively influences immunological
system (the indicators of humoral immunity; functional activity of T-lymphocytes,
increase resetting, the level of blast-cell transformation). The above-mentioned
factors improve proliferative processes and suppress anaerobic reactions developed
in pathologically changed tissues.
In recent years, some stages of pathogenesis of some diseases have been identified. They are based on tissue damages by the antigen-antibody complexes. If any
antigens appear, the organism begins to produce antibodies. Simultaneous presence
of complementary antigens and antibodies in the organism results in appearance of
immune complexes (IC), which should be removed by the process of phagocytosis.
If the immunoregulatory mechanisms are impaired, the number of ICs may increase,
that, as a rule, causes a chronic relapsing course of PNS-diseases. The determination
of IC content in combination with other tests is used in evaluating the effectiveness
of treatment.
The ILBI method having a systemic influence on the body is the most effective
way of the normalization of immune status, microgemocirculation, transcapillary
exchange and tissue metabolism during the damages of their innervation and blood
supply [266]. Some authors studied the interaction of laser radiation and blood.
The results of these studies showed that this interaction is the most effective in red
and infrared range with the wavelength of 600–1000 nm. He–Ne (632.8 nm) and
semiconductor (850 nm) laser radiate in these ranges.
Susceptibility of biological structures to laser radiation is provided by the complex
of specific and non-specific photoacceptors, which absorb energy of this radiation and
provide it transformation during biochemical and biophysical processes [267, 268].
Experimental studies revealed changes in lymphoid tissue that occur at the
influence of low-intensity laser irradiation (LILI). Many authors associate the
immunomodulatory effect of laser radiation with the influence on the receptor
apparatus of immunocompetent cells [269, 270].
Earlier we have experimentally detected [28, 77, 271] that under traumatic and
ischemic damages of peripheral nerves ILBI-therapy normalizes prooxidant reactions, enzymatic and hormonal damages, the increase of immunoactive proteins and
the activity of the antioxidant system, the improvement of the functional state of