54
Hopi cosmology; their lists surveyed the major landmarks marking sunrise on the
Eastern horizon from winter solstice to summer solstice. Stephen (1893b) added the
two cardinal points on the Western horizon: po-nó-tü-wi, belly wrinkle, the place of
summer solstice sunset, and lü-há-vwü tcó-tco-mo, testicle mounds, the place of
winter solstice sunset, which are not given by Fewkes. Parsons and Crow Wing were
less concerned with cosmology than with the place of the planting calendar in Hopi
society, so their lists itemize every stage in the planting cycle, noting minor planting
Table 1 Early Lists of Hopi Horizon Markers. Names from Stephen’s (1893b) and Parsons’s
(1933) lists spelled as in original sources; dictionary names provided for comparison with modern
Third Mesa orthography (entries in brackets are compounds constructed from dictionary entries)
Hopi dictionary
Stephen’s eastern
landmarks
Parsons’s planting calendar
Taawaki(var. Tawaki): Sun house
1. Tawaki: Sun’s house
[Masnamuru]: gray ridge
2. Masnamüzrü: gray
wooded ridge
[Pavöntsomo]: young corn plant hill
[Koyongqötö’uyisti]: turkey head
planting
3. Pavüñ’tcomo: young
corn mound
1. Koyöngkopěöisti: turkey’s
head
4. Hoñwitcomo:
derivation obscure;
hóñwi, erect
[Neveqtsomo]: side by side hill
5. Nüvéktcomo: standing
side by side
2. Nevechumuvayama: two
buttes standing together
Pölmo’okiwta: be hunched over
6. Pülhomotaka: a
multi-hunch-backed-man
3. Pölhumuvayama: round hill
Kwìitsala: narrow neck of mesa top
7. Kwitcála: a gap; a
narrow mountain pass
4. Atkyaöisti: way down
planting time
5. Pövaimükpöveöisti: when
the wash spreads it
8. Taíovi (?)
Töötölö: grasshopper
6. Telěoitó: grasshopper
planting
Isso’wùuti: coyote woman
7. Iswurtixöito’: coyote bitch
planting
Owatsmo: rocky hill with boulders
all around.
9. Owátcoki: rock
mound house
8. Owatsmutix: rock hill
planting
Natalhötsi: a hole through which an
opening can be seen at the other end.
9. Natalöitstix: rock with hole
all the way through
Wunasaqa: ladder made of lumber.
10. Wü’nacakabi: wü’na,
pole; cáka, ladder
[Wakaspaa]: cow spring
11. Wakácva: cattle
spring
[Pavawkyayki]: swallow house
12. Paváukyaki: swallow
house
Tuyqa: point of a mesa
Hopoqki northeastern country [at the
summer solstice cardinal direction]
13. Tü’-yü-ka: the cape
Ho’pokyüka: summer
solstice
S. C. McCluskey
Hopi cosmology; their lists surveyed the major landmarks marking sunrise on the
Eastern horizon from winter solstice to summer solstice. Stephen (1893b) added the
two cardinal points on the Western horizon: po-nó-tü-wi, belly wrinkle, the place of
summer solstice sunset, and lü-há-vwü tcó-tco-mo, testicle mounds, the place of
winter solstice sunset, which are not given by Fewkes. Parsons and Crow Wing were
less concerned with cosmology than with the place of the planting calendar in Hopi
society, so their lists itemize every stage in the planting cycle, noting minor planting
Table 1 Early Lists of Hopi Horizon Markers. Names from Stephen’s (1893b) and Parsons’s
(1933) lists spelled as in original sources; dictionary names provided for comparison with modern
Third Mesa orthography (entries in brackets are compounds constructed from dictionary entries)
Hopi dictionary
Stephen’s eastern
landmarks
Parsons’s planting calendar
Taawaki(var. Tawaki): Sun house
1. Tawaki: Sun’s house
[Masnamuru]: gray ridge
2. Masnamüzrü: gray
wooded ridge
[Pavöntsomo]: young corn plant hill
[Koyongqötö’uyisti]: turkey head
planting
3. Pavüñ’tcomo: young
corn mound
1. Koyöngkopěöisti: turkey’s
head
4. Hoñwitcomo:
derivation obscure;
hóñwi, erect
[Neveqtsomo]: side by side hill
5. Nüvéktcomo: standing
side by side
2. Nevechumuvayama: two
buttes standing together
Pölmo’okiwta: be hunched over
6. Pülhomotaka: a
multi-hunch-backed-man
3. Pölhumuvayama: round hill
Kwìitsala: narrow neck of mesa top
7. Kwitcála: a gap; a
narrow mountain pass
4. Atkyaöisti: way down
planting time
5. Pövaimükpöveöisti: when
the wash spreads it
8. Taíovi (?)
Töötölö: grasshopper
6. Telěoitó: grasshopper
planting
Isso’wùuti: coyote woman
7. Iswurtixöito’: coyote bitch
planting
Owatsmo: rocky hill with boulders
all around.
9. Owátcoki: rock
mound house
8. Owatsmutix: rock hill
planting
Natalhötsi: a hole through which an
opening can be seen at the other end.
9. Natalöitstix: rock with hole
all the way through
Wunasaqa: ladder made of lumber.
10. Wü’nacakabi: wü’na,
pole; cáka, ladder
[Wakaspaa]: cow spring
11. Wakácva: cattle
spring
[Pavawkyayki]: swallow house
12. Paváukyaki: swallow
house
Tuyqa: point of a mesa
Hopoqki northeastern country [at the
summer solstice cardinal direction]
13. Tü’-yü-ka: the cape
Ho’pokyüka: summer
solstice
S. C. McCluskey