14
1 Introduction
17. R. Dingle, W. Wiegmann, C.H. Henry, Quantum states of confined carriers in very thin
Al x Ga 1−x As-GaAs-Al x Ga 1−x As heterostructures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 827 (1974)
18. M.A. Herman, H. Sitter, Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Fundamentals and Current Status (Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg, 1996)
19. G.B. Stringfellow, Organometallic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy: Theory and Practice (Elsevier Science, 2012)
20. M. Sugawara, Plasma Etching: Fundamentals and Applications (Oxford Science Publications,
Oxford, 1998)
21. G.P. Agrawal, N.K. Dutta, Semiconductor Lasers (Springer, US, 1993)
22. L. Coldren, S. Corzine, Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits (Wiley, 1995)
23. C. Wilmsen, H. Temkin, L.A. Coldren, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1999)
24. M.I. Amanti, M. Fischer, G. Scalari, M. Beck, J. Faist, Low-divergence single-mode terahertz
quantum cascade laser. Nat. Photonics 3, 586–590 (2009)
25. S. Strauf, F. Jahnke, Single quantum dot nanolaser. Laser Photon. Rev. 5, 607–633 (2011)
26. A. Rahimi-Iman, Recent advances in VECSELs. J. Opt. 18, 093003 (2016)
27. M.A. Gaafar, A. Rahimi-Iman, K.A. Fedorova, W. Stolz, E.U. Rafailov, M. Koch, Mode-locked
semiconductor disk lasers. Adv. Opt. Photonics 8, 370–400 (2016)
28. M. Guina, A. Rantamäki, A. Härkönen, Optically pumped VECSELs: review of technology
and progress. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50, 383001 (2017)
29. E.U. Rafailov, M.A. Cataluna, W. Sibbett, Mode-locked quantum-dot lasers. Nat. Photonics 1,
395–401 (2007)
30. P. Berini, I. De Leon, Surface plasmon-polariton amplifiers and lasers. Nat. Photonics 6, 16–24
(2012)
31. C. Schneider, A. Rahimi-Iman, N.Y. Kim, J. Fischer, I.G. Savenko, M. Amthor, M. Lermer, A.
Wolf, L. Worschech, V.D. Kulakovskii, I.A. Shelykh, M. Kamp, S. Reitzenstein, A. Forchel,
Y. Yamamoto, S. Höfling, An electrically pumped polariton laser. Nature 497, 348–352 (2013)
32. P. Bhattacharya, B. Xiao, A. Das, S. Bhowmick, J. Heo, Solid state electrically injected excitonpolariton laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 206403 (2013)
33. P. Bhattacharya, T. Frost, S. Deshpande, M.Z. Baten, A. Hazari, A. Das, Room temperature
electrically injected polariton laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 236802 (2014)
34. M. Ramezani, A. Halpin, A.I. Fernez-Domuez, J. Feist, S.R.-K. Rodriguez, F.J. Garcia-Vidal,
J.G. Rivas, Plasmon-exciton-polariton lasing. Optica 4, 31–37 (2017)
35. M.D. Fraser, Coherent exciton-polariton devices. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 32, 093003 (2017)
36. Y. Yamamoto, A. Imamoglu, Mesoscopic Quantum Optics (Wiley, 1999)
37. Y. Yamamoto, F. Tassone, H. Cao, Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (Springer,
2000)
38. S. Reitzenstein, A. Forchel, Quantum dot micropillars. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43(3), 033001
(2010)
39. A. Boretti, L. Rosa, A. Mackie, S. Castelletto, Electrically driven quantum light sources. Adv.
Opt. Mater. 3, 1012–1033 (2015)
40. A. Amo, J. Bloch, Exciton-polaritons in lattices: a non-linear photonic simulator. C. R. Phys.
17, 934–945 (2016)
41. N.Y. Kim, Y. Yamamoto, Exciton-polariton quantum simulators, Quantum Simulations with
Photons and Polaritons, Quantum Science and Technology (Springer International Publishing,
2017), pp. 91–121
42. J. Loredo, M. Broome, P. Hilaire, O. Gazzano, I. Sagnes, A. Lemaitre, M. Almeida, P. Senellart,
A. White, Boson sampling with single-photon Fock states from a bright solid-state source. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 118 (2017)
43. P. Senellart, G. Solomon, A. White, High-performance semiconductor quantum-dot singlephoton sources. Nat. Nanotechnol. 12, 1026–1039 (2017)
44. C. Antón, J.C. Loredo, G. Coppola, H. Ollivier, N. Viggianiello, A. Harouri, N. Somaschi, A.
Crespi, I. Sagnes, A. Lemaître, L. Lanco, R. Osellame, F. Sciarrino, P. Senellart, Interfacing
scalable photonic platforms: solid-state based multi-photon interference in a reconfigurable
glass chip. Optica 6, 1471 (2019)
1 Introduction
17. R. Dingle, W. Wiegmann, C.H. Henry, Quantum states of confined carriers in very thin
Al x Ga 1−x As-GaAs-Al x Ga 1−x As heterostructures. Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 827 (1974)
18. M.A. Herman, H. Sitter, Molecular Beam Epitaxy: Fundamentals and Current Status (Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg, 1996)
19. G.B. Stringfellow, Organometallic Vapor-Phase Epitaxy: Theory and Practice (Elsevier Science, 2012)
20. M. Sugawara, Plasma Etching: Fundamentals and Applications (Oxford Science Publications,
Oxford, 1998)
21. G.P. Agrawal, N.K. Dutta, Semiconductor Lasers (Springer, US, 1993)
22. L. Coldren, S. Corzine, Diode Lasers and Photonic Integrated Circuits (Wiley, 1995)
23. C. Wilmsen, H. Temkin, L.A. Coldren, Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (Cambridge
University Press, Cambridge, 1999)
24. M.I. Amanti, M. Fischer, G. Scalari, M. Beck, J. Faist, Low-divergence single-mode terahertz
quantum cascade laser. Nat. Photonics 3, 586–590 (2009)
25. S. Strauf, F. Jahnke, Single quantum dot nanolaser. Laser Photon. Rev. 5, 607–633 (2011)
26. A. Rahimi-Iman, Recent advances in VECSELs. J. Opt. 18, 093003 (2016)
27. M.A. Gaafar, A. Rahimi-Iman, K.A. Fedorova, W. Stolz, E.U. Rafailov, M. Koch, Mode-locked
semiconductor disk lasers. Adv. Opt. Photonics 8, 370–400 (2016)
28. M. Guina, A. Rantamäki, A. Härkönen, Optically pumped VECSELs: review of technology
and progress. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 50, 383001 (2017)
29. E.U. Rafailov, M.A. Cataluna, W. Sibbett, Mode-locked quantum-dot lasers. Nat. Photonics 1,
395–401 (2007)
30. P. Berini, I. De Leon, Surface plasmon-polariton amplifiers and lasers. Nat. Photonics 6, 16–24
(2012)
31. C. Schneider, A. Rahimi-Iman, N.Y. Kim, J. Fischer, I.G. Savenko, M. Amthor, M. Lermer, A.
Wolf, L. Worschech, V.D. Kulakovskii, I.A. Shelykh, M. Kamp, S. Reitzenstein, A. Forchel,
Y. Yamamoto, S. Höfling, An electrically pumped polariton laser. Nature 497, 348–352 (2013)
32. P. Bhattacharya, B. Xiao, A. Das, S. Bhowmick, J. Heo, Solid state electrically injected excitonpolariton laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 206403 (2013)
33. P. Bhattacharya, T. Frost, S. Deshpande, M.Z. Baten, A. Hazari, A. Das, Room temperature
electrically injected polariton laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 236802 (2014)
34. M. Ramezani, A. Halpin, A.I. Fernez-Domuez, J. Feist, S.R.-K. Rodriguez, F.J. Garcia-Vidal,
J.G. Rivas, Plasmon-exciton-polariton lasing. Optica 4, 31–37 (2017)
35. M.D. Fraser, Coherent exciton-polariton devices. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 32, 093003 (2017)
36. Y. Yamamoto, A. Imamoglu, Mesoscopic Quantum Optics (Wiley, 1999)
37. Y. Yamamoto, F. Tassone, H. Cao, Semiconductor Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics (Springer,
2000)
38. S. Reitzenstein, A. Forchel, Quantum dot micropillars. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43(3), 033001
(2010)
39. A. Boretti, L. Rosa, A. Mackie, S. Castelletto, Electrically driven quantum light sources. Adv.
Opt. Mater. 3, 1012–1033 (2015)
40. A. Amo, J. Bloch, Exciton-polaritons in lattices: a non-linear photonic simulator. C. R. Phys.
17, 934–945 (2016)
41. N.Y. Kim, Y. Yamamoto, Exciton-polariton quantum simulators, Quantum Simulations with
Photons and Polaritons, Quantum Science and Technology (Springer International Publishing,
2017), pp. 91–121
42. J. Loredo, M. Broome, P. Hilaire, O. Gazzano, I. Sagnes, A. Lemaitre, M. Almeida, P. Senellart,
A. White, Boson sampling with single-photon Fock states from a bright solid-state source. Phys.
Rev. Lett. 118 (2017)
43. P. Senellart, G. Solomon, A. White, High-performance semiconductor quantum-dot singlephoton sources. Nat. Nanotechnol. 12, 1026–1039 (2017)
44. C. Antón, J.C. Loredo, G. Coppola, H. Ollivier, N. Viggianiello, A. Harouri, N. Somaschi, A.
Crespi, I. Sagnes, A. Lemaître, L. Lanco, R. Osellame, F. Sciarrino, P. Senellart, Interfacing
scalable photonic platforms: solid-state based multi-photon interference in a reconfigurable
glass chip. Optica 6, 1471 (2019)