Sabin TP et al (2013) High resolution simulation of the South Asian
monsoon using a variable resolution global climate model. Clim
Dyn 41:173–194
SAC (2016) Monitoring snow and glaciers of Himalayan region. Space
Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, p 413. ISBN
978-93-82760-24-5
Saji NH, Goswami BN, Vinayachandran PN et al (1999) A dipole
mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature 401(23):360–363
Sangewar CV, Kulkarni A (2010) Observational studies of the recent
past, report of the study group on Himalayan glaciers. Prepared for
Principal Scientific Advisor Government of India
Sangewar CV, Shukla SP (2009) Inventory of Himalayan glaciers (an
updated edition). Special publication no. 34. Geological Survey of
India
Sanjay J, Krishnan R, Shrestha AB, Rajbhandari R, Ren GY (2017)
Downscaled climate change projections for the Hindu Kush
Himalayan region using CORDEX South Asia regional climate
models. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):185–198. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.accre.2017.08.003
Sharma E et al (2019) Introduction to the Hindu Kush Himalaya
assessment. In: Wester P, Mishra A, Mukherji A, Shrestha AB
(eds) The Hindu Kush Himalaya assessment—mountains, climate
change, sustainability and people. Springer-Nature, Switzerland
Sharma P, Patel LK, Ravindra R, Singh A, Mahalinganathan K,
Thamban M (2016) Role of debris cover to control specific ablation
of adjoining Batal and Sutri Dhaka glaciers in Chandra Basin
(Himachal Pradesh) during peak ablation season. J Earth Syst Sci
125:459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-016-0681-2
Sheridan SC, Lee CC, Allen MJ, Kalkstein LS (2012) Future heat
vulnerability in California, part I: projecting future weather types
and heat events. Clim Change 115:291–309
Shrestha AB, Aryal R (2011) Climate change in Nepal and its impact
on Himalayan glaciers. Reg Environ Change 11:S65–S77
Shrestha AB, Wake CP, Mayewski PA, Dibb JE (1999) Maximum
temperature trends in the Himalaya and its vicinity: an analysis
based on temperature records from Nepal for the period 1971–94.
J Clim 12:2775–2786
Shrestha AB, Devkota LP, John D et al (2010) Climate change in the
Eastern Himalayas: observed trends and model projections. Climate
change impact and vulnerability in the EH-technical report 1
Shrestha AB, Agrawal NK, Alfthan B, Bajracharya SR, Maréchal J,
Van Oort B (2015) The Himalayan climate and water atlas: impact
of climate change on water resources in five of Asia’s major river
basins. GRID-Arendal and CICERO, ICIMOD
Singh S, Ghosh S, Sahana AS, Vittal H, Karmakar S (2017) Do
dynamic regional models add value to the global model projections
of Indian monsoon? Clim Dyn 48(3–4):1375–1397. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s00382-016-3147-y
Singh AT, Rahaman W, Sharma P, Laluraj CM, Patel LK, Pratap B,
Gaddam VK, Thamban M (2019) Moisture sources for precipitation
and hydrograph components of the Sutri Dhaka Glacier Basin,
Western Himalayas. Water 11:2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/
w11112242
Srivastava P, Misra DK (2012) Optically stimulated luminescence
chronology of terrace sediments of Siang River, Higher NE
Himalaya: comparison of quartz and feldspar chronometers.
J Geol Soc India 79:252–258
Sun XB, Ren GY, Shrestha AB, Ren YY, You QL, Zhan YJ et al
(2017) Changes in extreme temperature events over the Hindu Kush
Himalaya during 1961–2015. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):157–165.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.07.001
Thompson DWJ, Wallace JM (1998) The Arctic Oscillation signature
in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields.
Geophys Res Lett 25:1297–1300
Thompson LG, Mosley-Thompson E, Davis ME, Lin PN, Henderson K,
Mashiotta TA (2003) Tropical glacier and ice core evidence of
climate change on annual to millennial time scales. Clim Change 59
(1–2):137–155
Turner A, Annamalai H (2012) Climate change and the South Asian
summer monsoon. Nat Clim Change 2:587–595. https://doi.org/10.
1038/nclimate1495
Van Vuuren DP, Edmonds J, Kainuma M, Riahi K, Thomson A,
Hibbard K et al (2011) The representative concentration pathways:
an overview. Clim Change 109(1):5–31
Vellore R, Krishnan R, Pendharkar J, Choudhury AD, Sabin TP (2014)
On anomalous precipitation enhancement over the Himalayan
foothills during monsoon breaks. Clim Dyn 43(7):2009–2031.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-2024-1
Wallace JM (2000) North Atlantic oscillatiodannular mode: two
paradigms—one phenomenon. Q J R Meteorol Soc 126:791–805.
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712656402
Wester P, Mishra A, Mukherji A, Shrestha AB (eds) (2019) The Hindu
Kush Himalaya assessment—mountains, climate change, sustainability and people. Springer-Nature, Switzerland
Wu J, Xu Y, Gao X-J (2017) Projected changes in mean and extreme
climates over Hindu Kush Himalayan region by 21 CMIP5 models.
Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
accre.2017.03.001
Xu J, Shrestha AB, Vaidya R, Eriksson M, Nepal S, Sandstrom K
(2008) The changing Himalayas. Impact of climate change on water
resources and livelihoods in the greater Himalayas. ICIMOD,
Kathmandu
Xu WH, Li QX, Yang S, Yan X (2014) Overview of global monthly
surface temperature data in the past century and preliminary
integration. Adv Clim Change Res 5(3):111–117. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.accre.2014.11.003
Yan LB, Liu XD (2014) Has climatic warming over the Tibetan Plateau
paused or continued in recent years? J Earth Ocean Atmos Sci 1:13–28
Yanai MH, Li C (1994) Mechanism of heating and the boundary layer
over the Tibetan Plateau. Mon Weather Rev 122:305–323
You QL, Min J, Zhang W, Pepin N, Kang S (2015) Comparison of
multiple datasets with gridded precipitation observations over the
Tibetan Plateau. Clim Dyn 45:791–806
You QL, Ren GY, Zhang YQ, Ren YY, Sun XB, Zhan YJ et al (2017)
An overview of studies of observed climate change in the Hindu
Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):141–
147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.04.001
Zhan YJ, Ren GY, Shrestha AB, Rajbhandari R, Ren YY, Sanjay J
(2017) Change in extreme precipitation events over the Hindu Kush
Himalayan region during 1961–2012. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.08.002
Zhou X, Zhao P, Chen J, Chen L, Li W (2009) Impacts of
thermodynamic processes over the Tibetan Plateau on the Northern
Hemispheric climate. Sci China Ser D Earth Sci 52(11):1679–1693
11 Climate Change Over the Himalayas
221
monsoon using a variable resolution global climate model. Clim
Dyn 41:173–194
SAC (2016) Monitoring snow and glaciers of Himalayan region. Space
Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, p 413. ISBN
978-93-82760-24-5
Saji NH, Goswami BN, Vinayachandran PN et al (1999) A dipole
mode in the tropical Indian Ocean. Nature 401(23):360–363
Sangewar CV, Kulkarni A (2010) Observational studies of the recent
past, report of the study group on Himalayan glaciers. Prepared for
Principal Scientific Advisor Government of India
Sangewar CV, Shukla SP (2009) Inventory of Himalayan glaciers (an
updated edition). Special publication no. 34. Geological Survey of
India
Sanjay J, Krishnan R, Shrestha AB, Rajbhandari R, Ren GY (2017)
Downscaled climate change projections for the Hindu Kush
Himalayan region using CORDEX South Asia regional climate
models. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):185–198. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.accre.2017.08.003
Sharma E et al (2019) Introduction to the Hindu Kush Himalaya
assessment. In: Wester P, Mishra A, Mukherji A, Shrestha AB
(eds) The Hindu Kush Himalaya assessment—mountains, climate
change, sustainability and people. Springer-Nature, Switzerland
Sharma P, Patel LK, Ravindra R, Singh A, Mahalinganathan K,
Thamban M (2016) Role of debris cover to control specific ablation
of adjoining Batal and Sutri Dhaka glaciers in Chandra Basin
(Himachal Pradesh) during peak ablation season. J Earth Syst Sci
125:459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-016-0681-2
Sheridan SC, Lee CC, Allen MJ, Kalkstein LS (2012) Future heat
vulnerability in California, part I: projecting future weather types
and heat events. Clim Change 115:291–309
Shrestha AB, Aryal R (2011) Climate change in Nepal and its impact
on Himalayan glaciers. Reg Environ Change 11:S65–S77
Shrestha AB, Wake CP, Mayewski PA, Dibb JE (1999) Maximum
temperature trends in the Himalaya and its vicinity: an analysis
based on temperature records from Nepal for the period 1971–94.
J Clim 12:2775–2786
Shrestha AB, Devkota LP, John D et al (2010) Climate change in the
Eastern Himalayas: observed trends and model projections. Climate
change impact and vulnerability in the EH-technical report 1
Shrestha AB, Agrawal NK, Alfthan B, Bajracharya SR, Maréchal J,
Van Oort B (2015) The Himalayan climate and water atlas: impact
of climate change on water resources in five of Asia’s major river
basins. GRID-Arendal and CICERO, ICIMOD
Singh S, Ghosh S, Sahana AS, Vittal H, Karmakar S (2017) Do
dynamic regional models add value to the global model projections
of Indian monsoon? Clim Dyn 48(3–4):1375–1397. https://doi.org/
10.1007/s00382-016-3147-y
Singh AT, Rahaman W, Sharma P, Laluraj CM, Patel LK, Pratap B,
Gaddam VK, Thamban M (2019) Moisture sources for precipitation
and hydrograph components of the Sutri Dhaka Glacier Basin,
Western Himalayas. Water 11:2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/
w11112242
Srivastava P, Misra DK (2012) Optically stimulated luminescence
chronology of terrace sediments of Siang River, Higher NE
Himalaya: comparison of quartz and feldspar chronometers.
J Geol Soc India 79:252–258
Sun XB, Ren GY, Shrestha AB, Ren YY, You QL, Zhan YJ et al
(2017) Changes in extreme temperature events over the Hindu Kush
Himalaya during 1961–2015. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):157–165.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.07.001
Thompson DWJ, Wallace JM (1998) The Arctic Oscillation signature
in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields.
Geophys Res Lett 25:1297–1300
Thompson LG, Mosley-Thompson E, Davis ME, Lin PN, Henderson K,
Mashiotta TA (2003) Tropical glacier and ice core evidence of
climate change on annual to millennial time scales. Clim Change 59
(1–2):137–155
Turner A, Annamalai H (2012) Climate change and the South Asian
summer monsoon. Nat Clim Change 2:587–595. https://doi.org/10.
1038/nclimate1495
Van Vuuren DP, Edmonds J, Kainuma M, Riahi K, Thomson A,
Hibbard K et al (2011) The representative concentration pathways:
an overview. Clim Change 109(1):5–31
Vellore R, Krishnan R, Pendharkar J, Choudhury AD, Sabin TP (2014)
On anomalous precipitation enhancement over the Himalayan
foothills during monsoon breaks. Clim Dyn 43(7):2009–2031.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-2024-1
Wallace JM (2000) North Atlantic oscillatiodannular mode: two
paradigms—one phenomenon. Q J R Meteorol Soc 126:791–805.
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.49712656402
Wester P, Mishra A, Mukherji A, Shrestha AB (eds) (2019) The Hindu
Kush Himalaya assessment—mountains, climate change, sustainability and people. Springer-Nature, Switzerland
Wu J, Xu Y, Gao X-J (2017) Projected changes in mean and extreme
climates over Hindu Kush Himalayan region by 21 CMIP5 models.
Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
accre.2017.03.001
Xu J, Shrestha AB, Vaidya R, Eriksson M, Nepal S, Sandstrom K
(2008) The changing Himalayas. Impact of climate change on water
resources and livelihoods in the greater Himalayas. ICIMOD,
Kathmandu
Xu WH, Li QX, Yang S, Yan X (2014) Overview of global monthly
surface temperature data in the past century and preliminary
integration. Adv Clim Change Res 5(3):111–117. https://doi.org/10.
1016/j.accre.2014.11.003
Yan LB, Liu XD (2014) Has climatic warming over the Tibetan Plateau
paused or continued in recent years? J Earth Ocean Atmos Sci 1:13–28
Yanai MH, Li C (1994) Mechanism of heating and the boundary layer
over the Tibetan Plateau. Mon Weather Rev 122:305–323
You QL, Min J, Zhang W, Pepin N, Kang S (2015) Comparison of
multiple datasets with gridded precipitation observations over the
Tibetan Plateau. Clim Dyn 45:791–806
You QL, Ren GY, Zhang YQ, Ren YY, Sun XB, Zhan YJ et al (2017)
An overview of studies of observed climate change in the Hindu
Kush Himalayan (HKH) region. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3):141–
147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.04.001
Zhan YJ, Ren GY, Shrestha AB, Rajbhandari R, Ren YY, Sanjay J
(2017) Change in extreme precipitation events over the Hindu Kush
Himalayan region during 1961–2012. Adv Clim Change Res 8(3).
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2017.08.002
Zhou X, Zhao P, Chen J, Chen L, Li W (2009) Impacts of
thermodynamic processes over the Tibetan Plateau on the Northern
Hemispheric climate. Sci China Ser D Earth Sci 52(11):1679–1693
11 Climate Change Over the Himalayas
221