384
M. Imperadori et al.
Fig. 2 Activation controls for artificial lighting (value 0), for shading (value 1) and no activation
required (value 0.5). For a normal consideration, b younger occupants, c older occupants, and
d glass worn occupants
2.1 Frequency of Use
The frequency of use of both shading and lighting appliances has been estimated from
an annual simulation using the validated ray-tracing software radiance presented by
Ward and Shakespeare (1998). It has been assumed that the values reported in Table 1
are a hypothetical ideal case in which the shadings are correctly operated by the
building, and in which they have been adapted to a more realistic hosted occupancy
type.
M. Imperadori et al.
Fig. 2 Activation controls for artificial lighting (value 0), for shading (value 1) and no activation
required (value 0.5). For a normal consideration, b younger occupants, c older occupants, and
d glass worn occupants
2.1 Frequency of Use
The frequency of use of both shading and lighting appliances has been estimated from
an annual simulation using the validated ray-tracing software radiance presented by
Ward and Shakespeare (1998). It has been assumed that the values reported in Table 1
are a hypothetical ideal case in which the shadings are correctly operated by the
building, and in which they have been adapted to a more realistic hosted occupancy
type.