Public Health Aspects’ Assessment Tool for Urban Projects …
329
• The Urban Audit. Toward the Benchmarking of Quality of Life in 58 European
Cities. European Commission.
• Audit Commission Local Quality of Life Indicators supporting local communities
to become sustainable. A guide to local monitoring to complement the indicators
in the UK Government Sustainable Development Strategy, Office of the Deputy
Prime Minister.
• Ecosistema Metropolitano, Ambiente Italia, Provincia di Milano.
• Green Building Tool—GBTool.
• Protocollo Itaca per la valutazione della qualità energetica ed ambientale di un
edificio, Istituto ITACA.
• Progetto S.I.S.Te.R.
Furthermore, the most recent available neighborhood-level certification protocols
were also included in the review. Starting from 46 selected studies, the eligibility
criteria allowed researchers to reduce the analysis down to the following seven protocols: for America,
• LEED-ND. For Europe, the English protocol
• BREEAM for Communities, the French protocol
• HQE UPD, and the German protocol
• DGNB. For Asia, the Japanese protocol
• CASBEE UD and the protocol of members of the Persian Gulf
• GSAS. Finally, for Oceania, the Australian protocol
• GREEN STAR COMMUNITIES. All these tools were analyzed and compared in
order to collect criteria that will form the evaluation framework of the instrument.
The multi-criteria evaluation tool, based on a set of performance criteria and aimed
to promote Public Health purposes from the quality of the built environment, was
developed in this way.
3.1 The Multi-criteria Evaluation System
The literature review, together with various brainstorming activities and focus groups
with the technicians of the LHA of Milan, has allowed us to identify the 206 most
frequently used criteria using the tools found in the literature, and to support the
development of a new evaluation system.
The final assessment framework (Fig. 2) is formed of six thematic issues (environmental quality and wellbeing; waste; energy and renewable resources; mobility
and accessibility; land use and functional mix; quality of urban landscape) and a set
of 23 criteria, as Fig. 2 synthetizes.
Each criterion was developed in a specific evaluation data-record that includes
the expected output to achieve, its impact on health (Oppio et al. 2016), a performance evaluation on both neighborhood and urban scale, a selection of best practices
supported by pictures, notes and references.
329
• The Urban Audit. Toward the Benchmarking of Quality of Life in 58 European
Cities. European Commission.
• Audit Commission Local Quality of Life Indicators supporting local communities
to become sustainable. A guide to local monitoring to complement the indicators
in the UK Government Sustainable Development Strategy, Office of the Deputy
Prime Minister.
• Ecosistema Metropolitano, Ambiente Italia, Provincia di Milano.
• Green Building Tool—GBTool.
• Protocollo Itaca per la valutazione della qualità energetica ed ambientale di un
edificio, Istituto ITACA.
• Progetto S.I.S.Te.R.
Furthermore, the most recent available neighborhood-level certification protocols
were also included in the review. Starting from 46 selected studies, the eligibility
criteria allowed researchers to reduce the analysis down to the following seven protocols: for America,
• LEED-ND. For Europe, the English protocol
• BREEAM for Communities, the French protocol
• HQE UPD, and the German protocol
• DGNB. For Asia, the Japanese protocol
• CASBEE UD and the protocol of members of the Persian Gulf
• GSAS. Finally, for Oceania, the Australian protocol
• GREEN STAR COMMUNITIES. All these tools were analyzed and compared in
order to collect criteria that will form the evaluation framework of the instrument.
The multi-criteria evaluation tool, based on a set of performance criteria and aimed
to promote Public Health purposes from the quality of the built environment, was
developed in this way.
3.1 The Multi-criteria Evaluation System
The literature review, together with various brainstorming activities and focus groups
with the technicians of the LHA of Milan, has allowed us to identify the 206 most
frequently used criteria using the tools found in the literature, and to support the
development of a new evaluation system.
The final assessment framework (Fig. 2) is formed of six thematic issues (environmental quality and wellbeing; waste; energy and renewable resources; mobility
and accessibility; land use and functional mix; quality of urban landscape) and a set
of 23 criteria, as Fig. 2 synthetizes.
Each criterion was developed in a specific evaluation data-record that includes
the expected output to achieve, its impact on health (Oppio et al. 2016), a performance evaluation on both neighborhood and urban scale, a selection of best practices
supported by pictures, notes and references.