11 Influence of the Neutron Skin of Nuclei on Observables
147
not expect that assumptions on the neutron skin of nuclei might alter previous conclusions already taken from data comparisons using only the same radius of protons
and neutrons on the simulation side.
References
1. C. Hartnack et al., Quantum molecular dynamics: a microscopic model from Unilac to Cern
energies. Nucl. Phys. A 495, 303–319 (1989)
2. C. Hartnack, A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, J. Aichelin, CERN Proc. 1, 211 (2019)
3. H. Stöcker, W. Greiner, High energy heavy-ion collisions- probing the equation of state of
highly excited hadronic matter. Phys. Rep. 137, 277 (1986)
4. W. Cassing, V. Metag, U. Mosel, K. Niita, Production of energetic particles in heavy-ion
collisions. Phys. Rep. 188, 361 (1990)
5. J. Aichelin, Quantum molecular dynamics-a dynamical microscopic n-body approach to investigate fragment formation and the nuclear equation of state in heavy ion collisions. Phys. Rep.
202, 233–360 (1991)
6. A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, W. Reisdorf, J. Aichelin, C. Hartnack, Constraining the nuclear matter
equation of state around twice saturation density. Nucl. Phys. A 945, 112–133 (2016)
7. C. Hartnack, R.K. Puri, J. Aichelin, J. Konopka, S.A. Bass, H. Stoecker, W. Greiner, Modelling
the many-body dynamics of heavy ion collisions: present status and future perspective. Eur.
Phys. J. A 1, 151–169 (1998)
8. S.A. Bass, C. Hartnack, H. Stoecker, W. Greiner, Azimuthal correlations of pions in relativistic
heavy ion collisions at 1-GeV/nucleon. Phys. Rev. C 51, 3343–3356 (1995)
9. W. Reisdorf et al., [FOPI Collaboration], Systematics of pion emission in heavy ion collisions
in the 1A- GeV regime. Nucl. Phys. A 781, 459–508 (2007)
10. C. Hartnack, H. Oeschler, Y. Leifels, E.L. Bratkovskaya, J. Aichelin, Strangeness production
close to threshold in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions. Phys. Rep. 510, 119–200 (2012)
11. G.F. Wei, B.A. Li, J. Xu, L.W. Chen, Influence of neutron-skin thickness on π − /π + ratio in
Pb+Pb collisions. Phys. Rev. C 90, 014610 (2014)
12. Z. Xiao, B.A. Li, L.W. Chen, G.C. Yong, M. Zhang, Circumstantial Evidence for a Soft Nuclear
Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 062502 (2009)
13. Z.Q. Feng, G.M. Jin, Probing high-density behavior of symmetry energy from pion emission
in heavy-ion collisions. Phys. Lett. B 683, 140–144 (2010)
14. J. Hong, P. Danielewicz, Subthreshold pion production within a transport description of central
Au + Au collisions. Phys. Rev. C 90, 024605 (2014)
15. M.D. Cozma, The impact of energy conservation in transport models on the π − /π + multiplicity
ratio in heavy-ion collisions and the symmetry energy. Phys. Lett. B 753, 166–172 (2016)
16. C. Hartnack, A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, J. Aichelin, The influence of neutron skin and asymmetry
energy on π − /π + ratio (2018), arxiv:1808.09868
17. C. Hartnack, H. Oeschler, J. Aichelin, Hadronic matter is soft. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 012302
(2006). [arXiv:nucl-th/0506087]
147
not expect that assumptions on the neutron skin of nuclei might alter previous conclusions already taken from data comparisons using only the same radius of protons
and neutrons on the simulation side.
References
1. C. Hartnack et al., Quantum molecular dynamics: a microscopic model from Unilac to Cern
energies. Nucl. Phys. A 495, 303–319 (1989)
2. C. Hartnack, A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, J. Aichelin, CERN Proc. 1, 211 (2019)
3. H. Stöcker, W. Greiner, High energy heavy-ion collisions- probing the equation of state of
highly excited hadronic matter. Phys. Rep. 137, 277 (1986)
4. W. Cassing, V. Metag, U. Mosel, K. Niita, Production of energetic particles in heavy-ion
collisions. Phys. Rep. 188, 361 (1990)
5. J. Aichelin, Quantum molecular dynamics-a dynamical microscopic n-body approach to investigate fragment formation and the nuclear equation of state in heavy ion collisions. Phys. Rep.
202, 233–360 (1991)
6. A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, W. Reisdorf, J. Aichelin, C. Hartnack, Constraining the nuclear matter
equation of state around twice saturation density. Nucl. Phys. A 945, 112–133 (2016)
7. C. Hartnack, R.K. Puri, J. Aichelin, J. Konopka, S.A. Bass, H. Stoecker, W. Greiner, Modelling
the many-body dynamics of heavy ion collisions: present status and future perspective. Eur.
Phys. J. A 1, 151–169 (1998)
8. S.A. Bass, C. Hartnack, H. Stoecker, W. Greiner, Azimuthal correlations of pions in relativistic
heavy ion collisions at 1-GeV/nucleon. Phys. Rev. C 51, 3343–3356 (1995)
9. W. Reisdorf et al., [FOPI Collaboration], Systematics of pion emission in heavy ion collisions
in the 1A- GeV regime. Nucl. Phys. A 781, 459–508 (2007)
10. C. Hartnack, H. Oeschler, Y. Leifels, E.L. Bratkovskaya, J. Aichelin, Strangeness production
close to threshold in proton-nucleus and heavy-ion collisions. Phys. Rep. 510, 119–200 (2012)
11. G.F. Wei, B.A. Li, J. Xu, L.W. Chen, Influence of neutron-skin thickness on π − /π + ratio in
Pb+Pb collisions. Phys. Rev. C 90, 014610 (2014)
12. Z. Xiao, B.A. Li, L.W. Chen, G.C. Yong, M. Zhang, Circumstantial Evidence for a Soft Nuclear
Symmetry Energy at Suprasaturation Densities. Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 062502 (2009)
13. Z.Q. Feng, G.M. Jin, Probing high-density behavior of symmetry energy from pion emission
in heavy-ion collisions. Phys. Lett. B 683, 140–144 (2010)
14. J. Hong, P. Danielewicz, Subthreshold pion production within a transport description of central
Au + Au collisions. Phys. Rev. C 90, 024605 (2014)
15. M.D. Cozma, The impact of energy conservation in transport models on the π − /π + multiplicity
ratio in heavy-ion collisions and the symmetry energy. Phys. Lett. B 753, 166–172 (2016)
16. C. Hartnack, A. Le Fèvre, Y. Leifels, J. Aichelin, The influence of neutron skin and asymmetry
energy on π − /π + ratio (2018), arxiv:1808.09868
17. C. Hartnack, H. Oeschler, J. Aichelin, Hadronic matter is soft. Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 012302
(2006). [arXiv:nucl-th/0506087]