1.2 Status of Lunar Lander Technology Development Outside China
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condition that the slope was less than 15 degree, the height of hump was less than
10 cm and the coefficient of friction was more than 0.1.
6) Telecommunication
Telecommunications were achieved via S band low gain antenna and a large planar
array high gain antenna to send back images and data back to the Earth.
3. Major Scientific Exploration Activities and Results of The Surveyor Lander
A great many scientific exploration was implemented by the Surveyor Program and
solid basis was built up for subsequent lunar scientific research and engineering
implementation including:
(1) A lot of high-resolution images (1 mm resolution). Tens of thousands of images
were taken by the Surveyor landers which provided natural information of
lunar terrain near the landers including numbers, size and distribution of rock
and pits. Those photos also supported research of lunar regolith mechanics,
magnetic properties and composition.
(2) Measurement of lunar surface mechanics properties. The lunar surface
mechanics properties were studied through retrieval of telemetry data and analysis of images of landing process. There were strain gauges mounted on the
lander.
(3) Research on lunar regolith mechanics properties. Samplers of the Surveyor 3
and Surveyor 7 were used to execute bearing capacity, impact and scoop experiments with monitoring of TV cameras to study the lunar regolith mechanics
properties.
(4) Analysis of lunar surface temperature and thermal properties. Thermal sensors
on outer surface and solar panel of the Surveyor landers were used to measure
local thermal radiation environment.
(5) Analysis of magnetic properties of lunar surface. Small magnet attached to the
bottom of the Surveyor 5 and Surveyor 7 as well as sampler of the Surveyor 7
was included to detect the magnetic field. The images of magnet covered with
lunar dust showed that there were some magnetic particles in lunar regolith.
(6) Analysis of composition of lunar regolith. The data collected by alpha scatters
on the Survey 5 and Surveyor 7 were used to determine the composition of
lunar regolith for chemical analysis.
The Surveyor Program successfully implemented predefined scientific exploration
and validated the technology for soft-landing on the Moon to support the subsequent
Apollo Program.
15
condition that the slope was less than 15 degree, the height of hump was less than
10 cm and the coefficient of friction was more than 0.1.
6) Telecommunication
Telecommunications were achieved via S band low gain antenna and a large planar
array high gain antenna to send back images and data back to the Earth.
3. Major Scientific Exploration Activities and Results of The Surveyor Lander
A great many scientific exploration was implemented by the Surveyor Program and
solid basis was built up for subsequent lunar scientific research and engineering
implementation including:
(1) A lot of high-resolution images (1 mm resolution). Tens of thousands of images
were taken by the Surveyor landers which provided natural information of
lunar terrain near the landers including numbers, size and distribution of rock
and pits. Those photos also supported research of lunar regolith mechanics,
magnetic properties and composition.
(2) Measurement of lunar surface mechanics properties. The lunar surface
mechanics properties were studied through retrieval of telemetry data and analysis of images of landing process. There were strain gauges mounted on the
lander.
(3) Research on lunar regolith mechanics properties. Samplers of the Surveyor 3
and Surveyor 7 were used to execute bearing capacity, impact and scoop experiments with monitoring of TV cameras to study the lunar regolith mechanics
properties.
(4) Analysis of lunar surface temperature and thermal properties. Thermal sensors
on outer surface and solar panel of the Surveyor landers were used to measure
local thermal radiation environment.
(5) Analysis of magnetic properties of lunar surface. Small magnet attached to the
bottom of the Surveyor 5 and Surveyor 7 as well as sampler of the Surveyor 7
was included to detect the magnetic field. The images of magnet covered with
lunar dust showed that there were some magnetic particles in lunar regolith.
(6) Analysis of composition of lunar regolith. The data collected by alpha scatters
on the Survey 5 and Surveyor 7 were used to determine the composition of
lunar regolith for chemical analysis.
The Surveyor Program successfully implemented predefined scientific exploration
and validated the technology for soft-landing on the Moon to support the subsequent
Apollo Program.