Contents
xix
11 Landing Gear Technology of Lunar Lander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11.2 Development Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
11.3 Configuration and Technical Features of Landing Gear
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
11.4 Common Cushion Methods and Their Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
11.4.1 Cellular Material Deformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
11.4.2 Deformation of Thin-Walled Metal Tube . . . . . . . . . . . 372
11.4.3 Hydraulic Damping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
11.4.4 Tensile Deformation of Special Material . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5 Design of Landing Gear Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5.1 Requirements Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5.2 Design and Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
11.6 Testing and Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
11.6.1 Performance Verification of Cushion Material . . . . . . 390
11.6.2 Friction Test of Deployment and Cushion . . . . . . . . . . 392
11.6.3 Performance Testing of Lunar Surface Sensing
Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
11.6.4 Cushion Performance Test and Verification
of Single Set of Landing Gear Mechanism . . . . . . . . . 396
11.6.5 Simulation Verification of Combined Cushion
Performance for Landing Gear Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . 398
11.7 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
12 Integration and Assembly Technology of Lunar Lander . . . . . . . . . . . 401
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
12.2 Development Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
12.3 Characteristics of System Integration and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . 405
12.3.1 Task Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
12.3.2 Features of Assembly Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
12.4 Design of System Integration and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
12.4.1 Design of Systematic Assembly Process . . . . . . . . . . . 409
12.4.2 Planning of Technological Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
12.4.3 Planning of Process Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
12.4.4 Design of Technical Process Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
12.4.5 Digital Assembly Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
12.5 Typical Application of System Integration
and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
12.5.1 Propulsion Subsystem Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
12.5.2 Instrument Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
12.5.3 Cable Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
12.5.4 Structural Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
12.5.5 Mechanism Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
12.5.6 Assembly of Thermal Control Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
xix
11 Landing Gear Technology of Lunar Lander . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
11.2 Development Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
11.3 Configuration and Technical Features of Landing Gear
System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
11.4 Common Cushion Methods and Their Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
11.4.1 Cellular Material Deformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
11.4.2 Deformation of Thin-Walled Metal Tube . . . . . . . . . . . 372
11.4.3 Hydraulic Damping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
11.4.4 Tensile Deformation of Special Material . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5 Design of Landing Gear Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5.1 Requirements Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
11.5.2 Design and Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
11.6 Testing and Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
11.6.1 Performance Verification of Cushion Material . . . . . . 390
11.6.2 Friction Test of Deployment and Cushion . . . . . . . . . . 392
11.6.3 Performance Testing of Lunar Surface Sensing
Probe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
11.6.4 Cushion Performance Test and Verification
of Single Set of Landing Gear Mechanism . . . . . . . . . 396
11.6.5 Simulation Verification of Combined Cushion
Performance for Landing Gear Subsystem . . . . . . . . . . 398
11.7 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
12 Integration and Assembly Technology of Lunar Lander . . . . . . . . . . . 401
12.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
12.2 Development Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402
12.3 Characteristics of System Integration and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . 405
12.3.1 Task Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
12.3.2 Features of Assembly Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
12.4 Design of System Integration and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
12.4.1 Design of Systematic Assembly Process . . . . . . . . . . . 409
12.4.2 Planning of Technological Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410
12.4.3 Planning of Process Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
12.4.4 Design of Technical Process Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
12.4.5 Digital Assembly Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
12.5 Typical Application of System Integration
and Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
12.5.1 Propulsion Subsystem Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
12.5.2 Instrument Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
12.5.3 Cable Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
12.5.4 Structural Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
12.5.5 Mechanism Assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
12.5.6 Assembly of Thermal Control Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422