Table 11.1 Ostrom’s common property resources design principles
1. Resource system characteristics
a. Well-defined boundaries
2. Group characteristics
a. Well-defined boundaries
(1 and 2) Relationship between resource system characteristics and group characteristics
3. Institutional arrangements
a. Locally devised access and management rules
b. Ease in enforcement of rules
c. Graduated sanctions
d. Availability of low-cost adjudication
e. Accountability of monitors and other officials to users
(1 and 3) Relationship between resource system and institutional arrangements
a. Match restrictions on harvests to regeneration of resources
4. External environment
a. Technology
b. State
i. Central governments should not undermine local authority
ii. Nested levels of appropriation, provision, enforcement, governance
Ostrom (2002)
Nature and
Material/
Physical
Environment
Structure
and
Institutions
CPR
Agency and
Individual
Behaviour
Fig. 11.1 Relationship
between the theories of
common property resources
and political ecology
11 Sustainable Development, Climate Change, and Renewable Energy in Rural. . .
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