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(Ministry of the Environment 2017). Thus, balancing tourism development and biodiversity conservation represents a significant challenge for local government.
Based on this background, the present study evaluates tourists’ demand for carp
removal options as a canoe tour attribute, and discusses the possibilities to compensate for management resource constraints in invasive carp management through
nature- based tourism.
3.2.2 Questionnaire Design
In this study, we used a choice experiment (hereinafter, “CE”) on canoe tours. The
CE approach is one of methods for analyzing preferences through hypothetical
choices in a questionnaire survey; it has been applied by many previous studies to
nature-based tourism (Kubo et  al. 2019; Kubo and Shoji 2016). We used this
approach to evaluate tourists’ willingness to pay (WTP) for tour options as a means
of promoting canoe tours. Using the CE can elicit not only the level of demand for
the option of carp removal, but also assess other tour options, such as tour time
and fee.
Fig. 3.1 Invasive carp captured on Amami Oshima Island
K. Mameno et al.