12
will play the important roles. Finally, this SES schematic can be used as a boundary
object to facilitate the knowledge exchanges among various stakeholders including
the policy makers, practitioners, and researchers, to share the common understandings of the current situation, and to cocreate the policy interventions for the sustainable uses of Sekisei Lagoon.
Keywords Integrated ocean policy · Sectoral policy interventions · Socialecological systems (SES) schematic · Mapping · Stakeholders · Sekisei Lagoon
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Ocean Policy in Japan
In Japan, eight ministries are implementing marine-related policies, i.e., Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: MAFF, Ministry of Environment: MoE, Ministry
of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: MLIT, Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology: MEXT, Ministry of Economy Trade and
Industry: METI, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: MIC, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs: MFA, and Ministry of Defense: MoD. Each ministry has its own
policy missions, legal basis, marine use-types under the jurisdiction, and stakeholders. Traditionally, each ministry has been implementing its specific policy interventions separately and independently (often called as “sectoral policy interventions”).
As the result, it has not been clear enough how the Japanese ocean policy, as a
whole, would deal with the up-to-date issues such as environmental degradation,
overfishing, integrated coastal zone management, national security, etc. Therefore,
in 2007, in order to promote the coordination among sectoral policies interventions
by eight ministries and to formulate the integrated ocean policy, the Basic Act on
Ocean Policy (hereafter, the Act) was legislated (Sakamoto 2018; Makino 2011).
Based on the Act, the Headquarter for the Ocean Policy was formulated at the
Cabinet Secretariat of Japan (moved to the Cabinet Office in 2017), headed directly
by the Prime Minister.
2.1.2 Objective of This Chapter
Conventionally, a lot of assessments and analysis have been conducted on the
design or effectiveness of the sectoral policy interventions, and therefore analytical
methodologies for that purpose have been developed (For example, Dunn 2016;
Weimer and Vining 2017). Recently, many studies have been conducted on the
M. Makino et al.
will play the important roles. Finally, this SES schematic can be used as a boundary
object to facilitate the knowledge exchanges among various stakeholders including
the policy makers, practitioners, and researchers, to share the common understandings of the current situation, and to cocreate the policy interventions for the sustainable uses of Sekisei Lagoon.
Keywords Integrated ocean policy · Sectoral policy interventions · Socialecological systems (SES) schematic · Mapping · Stakeholders · Sekisei Lagoon
2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 Ocean Policy in Japan
In Japan, eight ministries are implementing marine-related policies, i.e., Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery: MAFF, Ministry of Environment: MoE, Ministry
of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism: MLIT, Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology: MEXT, Ministry of Economy Trade and
Industry: METI, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: MIC, Ministry
of Foreign Affairs: MFA, and Ministry of Defense: MoD. Each ministry has its own
policy missions, legal basis, marine use-types under the jurisdiction, and stakeholders. Traditionally, each ministry has been implementing its specific policy interventions separately and independently (often called as “sectoral policy interventions”).
As the result, it has not been clear enough how the Japanese ocean policy, as a
whole, would deal with the up-to-date issues such as environmental degradation,
overfishing, integrated coastal zone management, national security, etc. Therefore,
in 2007, in order to promote the coordination among sectoral policies interventions
by eight ministries and to formulate the integrated ocean policy, the Basic Act on
Ocean Policy (hereafter, the Act) was legislated (Sakamoto 2018; Makino 2011).
Based on the Act, the Headquarter for the Ocean Policy was formulated at the
Cabinet Secretariat of Japan (moved to the Cabinet Office in 2017), headed directly
by the Prime Minister.
2.1.2 Objective of This Chapter
Conventionally, a lot of assessments and analysis have been conducted on the
design or effectiveness of the sectoral policy interventions, and therefore analytical
methodologies for that purpose have been developed (For example, Dunn 2016;
Weimer and Vining 2017). Recently, many studies have been conducted on the
M. Makino et al.